Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Effect of ceftriaxone on synaptic plasticity of hippocampal dentate gyrus neurons in OKA-induced model of Alzheimer disease in rats
No full textSpaced training improves learning in Ts65Dn and Ube3a mouse models of intellectual disabilities
Get PDFBenefits of distributed learning strategies have been extensively described in the human literature, but minimally investigated in intellectual disability syndromes. We tested the hypothesis that training trials spaced apart in time could improve learning in two distinct genetic mouse models of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by intellectual impairments. As compared to training with massed trials, spaced training significantly improved learning in both the Ts65Dn trisomy mouse model of Down syndrome and the maternally inherited Ube3a mutant mouse model of Angelman syndrome. Spacing the training trials at 1 h intervals accelerated acquisition of three cognitive tasks by Ts65Dn mice: (1) object location memory, (2) novel object recognition, (3) water maze spatial learning. Further, (4) spaced training improved water maze spatial learning by Ube3a mice. In contrast, (5) cerebellar-mediated rotarod motor learning was not improved by spaced training. Corroborations in three assays, conducted in two model systems, replicated within and across two laboratories, confirm the strength of the findings. Our results indicate strong translational relevance of a behavioral intervention strategy for improving the standard of care in treating the learning difficulties that are characteristic and clinically intractable features of many neurodevelopmental disorders
Factors Affecting Job Motivation of Faculty Members of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences: A Qualitative Study
Get PDFIntroduction: The presence of motivated faculty members in universities of medical plays a vital role in
Education and community health education. So far, many studies have been done to identify the factors
affecting employees' motivation in different ways, but considering the lack of reasonable basis for studying
the motivational factors among faculty members, this study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the job
the motivation of faculty members of the Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 21 qualified faculty
members of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences who were selected through purposeful sampling. To
analyze the collected data, the Content Analysis method was used through MAXQDA software version 10.
Results: After analyzing the data, 26 sub-themes were obtained, and after categorizing, eight main themes were
reached, that is, evaluation classes, development and success, encouragement, and creativity, evaluation,
justice, management, financial and welfare problems, and interactions.
Conclusion: This study showed that universities of Iran, especially the universities of medical sciences faced
serious challenges in the motivation of faculty members; thus, challenges need to be tackled to improve
faculty members' motivation
Indoor air quality in waterpipe cafés: exposure level to particulate matter
No full textWaterpipe is increasingly being used worldwide. Despite waterpipe cafés gaining popularity among Iranian population, there is a paucity of research measuring exposures and assessing the health effects of waterpipe smoke in these places. The objective of the current study was to investigate the exposure to PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 concentrations and risk assessment of PM2.5 exposures in different age groups in the indoor air of waterpipe cafés. The study samples were taken from indoor air of 50 waterpipe cafés in Ardabil, Iran. The PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 concentrations were assessed using a portable GRIMM dust monitors. The mean (±SD) concentrations of indoor air PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 were 765 ± 352, 624 ± 327, and 500 ± 305 μg/m3, respectively. The mean of HQ (hazard quotient) for PM2.5 in all age groups of 16 and older was > 1, which corresponds to an unacceptably high risk for human health. Also, the mean of ELCRs (excess lifetime cancer risk) for PM2.5 in different age groups exceeded the limit value by the USEPA. The results indicated that the PM concentration is significantly influenced by the number of waterpipe smokers, type of ventilation system, and kind of tobacco. Therefore, waterpipe cafés are a potential source for exposure to PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 and increase the risk of respiratory diseases and cardiovascular problems among waterpipe smokers
Effectiveness of Stress Management Training on Reducing Perceived Stress in Veterans with PTSD
No full textAims: In Iran, a significant group of warriors and veterans suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Efforts have been made to evaluate a variety of psychological treatments. This study aimed at determining the effectiveness of stress management training on reducing perceived stress in veterans with PTSD.
Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design with control group conducted in 2017-18, 22 veterans with PTSD, who were hospitalized in Issar Psychiatric Hospital of Ardabil, were selected by available sampling method and they were randomly assigned into experimental group (11 veterans) and control group (11 veterans). The data collection tools were Perceived Stress Scale and Mississippi PTSD Scale. Patients in the experimental group received stress management training for 10 sessions. The data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software, using one-variable ANOVA, covariance analysis and multivariate variance.
Findings: There was a significant difference between perceived stress scores and PTSD symptoms in post-test stage, and stress management training reduced perceived stress and PTSD symptoms in veterans with PTSD in the experimental group (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Stress management training is effective in reducing perceived stress and PTSD symptoms in veterans with PTS
Improper Use of the Internet and Its Relationship with Daytime Sleepiness in Medical Sciences Students at Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
Get PDFBackground & objectives: The Internet is used for different activities by many on a daily
basis. The problematic internet use (PIU) is related to poor academic and job performances
and also sleep problems. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of
problematic internet use and its relationship with daytime sleepiness (DS).
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 280 medical students of the
Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. Medical students were entered into the study using
the convenience sampling method and were interviewed using the PIU and Epworth
questionnaire. The statistical analysis was done by SPSS Version 23 using the chi-square test,
Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation. Univariate linear regression analysis was applied to
find the relation between PIU and DS.
Results: The mean age of participants in the study was 23.93 years with an SD of 2.25. Most
of the participants were 23-25 years old. The obtained results showed that 33.6% of the
participants had normal scores followed by 44.8% mild disorder, 18.4% moderate disorder,
and 2.3% severe disorder. The daily prevalence of daytime sleepiness was 11.6%. There was
a positive correlation between the improper use of the Internet and daytime sleepiness.
Conclusion: PIU associated strongly with daytime sleepiness. Students should be educated
and informed about the problematic internet us
The effect of P6 acupressure on nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial
No full textBackground
Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy are common complaints that affect the quality of life significantly, even in mild cases. Although pharmacological treatments are available for these ailments, concerns about their effects on fetal health make healthcare providers and recipients prefer non-pharmacological therapies.
Objectives
This study examines the effect of Pericardium 6 (P6) acupressure with Sea-Band on the severity and frequency of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and compares it with a placebo and a control group.
Design and participants
In this randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 75 pregnant women with symptoms of mild to moderate nausea and vomiting of pregnancy with a gestational age of <20 weeks were assigned to three equal groups (n = 25).
Setting
The participants were selected from five healthcare centers in Ardebil, Iran.
Interventions
Pressure was applied to the P6 in the acupressure group using Sea-Band button for three days; in the placebo group, sea-band was applied without pressure on the P6; the control group did not receive any interventions, except for dietary recommendations similar to the other two groups.
Main outcome measures
Nausea and vomiting frequency and severity were recorded for six days, twice a day, with the intervention starting on the fourth day. Data were analyzed using the ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and Mann-Whitney’s U-test.
Results
There was a significant reduction in the frequency, duration and severity of nausea and also in the frequency of vomiting in the acupressure and placebo groups but not in the control group after three days of the intervention. A significant difference was observed between the acupressure and placebo groups in terms of the frequency and severity of nausea but not its duration or the frequency of vomiting after the intervention.
Conclusion
Acupressure on the P6 applied using a wristband for at least three days appears to be effective in the relief of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy; however, this finding may be due in part to the placebo effect. Acupressure on the P6 with Sea-Band button can be used for the management of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy
Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in the indoor air of waterpipe cafés: Measuring exposures and assessing health effects
No full textThe aims of this study were to investigate the exposure to formaldehyde (FA) and acetaldehyde (AA) concentrations in the indoor air of waterpipe (WP) cafés and to assess their health risk for smokers and employees. In this work, a number of 40 cafés were selected; the samples were taken from standing breathing zone of smokers and employees, and were analyzed using GC-MS. The results showed that the mean (±SD) concentrations of indoor air FA were 151.1 ± 67 and 60 ± 21.4 μg/m3 in cafés with fruit flavored tobacco and regular tobacco, respectively. This value for AA was 281.9 ± 141.1 and 108.4 ± 43.8 μg/m3 for cafés with fruit flavored tobacco and regular tobacco, respectively. The mean of inhalation lifetime cancer risk (LTCRs) for FA in smokers and employees were calculated 3.9 × 10−5 and 19.3 × 10−5, respectively. Also, the mean of estimated LTCRs for AA in smokers and employees were 1.3 × 10−5 and 6.3 × 10−5, respectively. The mean of Hazard quotients (HQ) for FA in Cafés with fruit flavored and regular tobacco in smokers and employees were calculated to be 0.4 and 3.4, and 0.1 and 1.3, respectively, indicating an unacceptable and high risk for employees. Also, the mean of HQ for AA in cafés with fruit flavored and regular tobacco for smokers and employees were calculated 0.8 and 7.1, and 0.3 and 2.7, respectively, indicating an unacceptably high risk for employees. Therefore, WP cafés can be a potential source for exposure to FA and AA that can cause health problems for exposed people, especially employees working in these places
Study in Knowledge of general dentists in preventive orthodontic treatment in ardabil city in 2019
No full textBackground and Purpose; Preventive orthodontics are procedures that prevent the development of a malocclusion by maintaining the integrity of a normally developing dentition. Occlusion malformations are not life treathed but they are important public health program in which most of them are correction able and prevention able. The first step in development of patient’s mouth health is preparing information about dentist’s knowledge in prevention from malocclusions.
Methods; In this cross-sectional study we studied on 132 dentists whom had clinic in ardabil city and analyzed their knowledge rate for Preventional Orthodontic treatment and effective factors which influence their knowledge. We used Questioner for data collection and Spss software and descriptive statistics, T-test, ANOVA
Results; There is a strong significant association between the rate of dentist knowledge in Preventive orthodontic treatment with Age, work experiences and attending in workshops (P≤0.05). No other significant relations were observed (P≥0.05).
Conclusion; The knowledge rate Means of total ardabil dentists were in a good rate which was acceptable