Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Ligand-assisted click reaction for the synthesis of new hybrid compounds based on 1,2,3-triazoles and 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione and evaluation of their antibacterial activities
No full textThe new hybrid compounds based on 1,2,3-triazoles and 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione were successfully synthesized
by copper-catalyzed click reaction in the presence of water-soluble ligand, sodium 4-amino-5-hydroxy-7-sulfonaphthalene2-sulfonate and copper salt. The click reaction of 5,5-diphenyl-3-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione and 5,5-diphenyl1,3-di(prop-2-yn-1-yl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione with aryl azides or sodium azide and benzyl chloride in water produced new
1,2,3-triazoles linked-5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione. The 4-amino-5-hydroxy-7-sulfonaphthalene-2-sulfonate was used
as ligand, which enhanced the reactions and reduced the quantity of the toxic copper salt. The in vitro antibacterial activities
of the all synthesized compounds were screened against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, by the use of well
difusion method. The results showed that all compounds were active against both M. luteus and P. aeruginoasa bacteria
Repeated stimulation of the dorsolateral-prefrontal cortex improves executive dysfunctions and craving in drug addiction: A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study
No full textBackground: According to the neurocognitive model of addiction, the development and maintenance of
drug addiction is associated with cognitive control deficits, as well as decreased activity of prefrontal
regions, especially the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). This study investigated how improving
executive functions (EFs) impacts methamphetamine-use disorder, which has been less explored
compared to craving, but might be a central aspect for the therapeutic efficacy of DLPFC stimulation in
drug addiction.
Methods: We assessed the efficacy of 10 repeated sessions of transcranial direct current stimulation
(tDCS) over the DLPFC on executive dysfunctions in methamphetamine-use disorder, and its association
with craving alterations. 39 of 50 initially recruited individuals with methamphetamine-use disorder
who were in the abstinent-course treatment were randomly assigned to “active” and “sham” stimulation
groups in a randomized, double-blind parallel-group study. They received active (2 mA, 20 min) or sham
tDCS for 10 sessions over 5 weeks. Performance on major EF tasks (e.g., working memory, inhibitory
control, cognitive flexibility, and risk-taking behaviour) and craving were measured before, immediately
after, and 1 month following the intervention. Participants reported abstinence from drug consumption
throughout the experiment, verified by regular urine tests during the course of the study up to the
follow-up measurement.
Results: The group which received active DLPFC tDCS showed significantly improved task performance
across all EFs immediately after and 1 month following the intervention, when compared to both prestimulation baseline and individuals who received sham tDCS. Similarly, a significant reduction in
craving was observed immediately after and 1 month following the intervention in the active, but not
sham stimulation group. A significant correlation between cognitive control improvement and craving
reduction was found as well
Socioeconomic-Related Inequalities in Dental Care Utilization in Northwestern Iran
No full textIntroduction: There have been multiple studies on socioeconomic-related inequalities in the use of dental services in Iran, but the evidence is still limited. This study measured inequality in dental care utilization by socioeconomic status and examined factors explaining this inequality among households in Ardabil, Iran in 2019.
Methods: A total of 436 household heads participated in this cross-sectional study. Using a validated questionnaire, face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect data on dental care utilization, unmet needs, sociodemographic characteristics, economic status, health insurance, and oral health status of the participants. We used the concentration curve and relative concentration index (RCI) to visualize and quantify the level of inequality in dental care utilization by income. Regression-based decomposition was also applied to understand the causes of inequality.
Results: About 59.2% (95% CI 54.4%– 63.7%) and 14.7% (95% CI 11.6%– 18.4%) of participants had visited a dentist for dental treatment in the previous 12 months and for 6-month dental checkups, respectively. The RCI for the probability of visiting a dentist in the last 12 months was 0.243 (95% CI 0.140– 0.346). This suggests that dental care utilization was more concentrated among the rich. The RCI for unmet dental care needs was negative, which indicates more prevalence among the poor. Monthly household income (20.9%), self-rated oral health (6.9%), regular brushing (3.2%), and dental health insurance (2.5%) were the main factors in socioeconomic inequality in dental care utilization.
Conclusion: This study reveals that dental care–service utilization did not match the need for dental care, due to differences in socioeconomic status in Ardabil, Iran. Policies could be implemented to increase the coverage of dental care services among socioeconomically disadvantaged groups to tackle socioeconomic-related inequality in dental care utilization
Evaluation of the apical microleakage of MTA Fillapex, AH26, and Endofill sealers
Get PDFObjective: Proper apical seal plays an important
role in the success of root canal treatment. The most
common cause of failure of root canal therapy is known
as the lack of adequate apical seal. The aim of this in
vitro study was to compare the apical microleakage
of MTA Fillapex, AH26, and Endofill sealers using dye
penetration method. Material and Methods: In this
in vitro study, 72 single-rooted extracted human teeth
were selected. The teeth were randomly divided into
three experimental groups of 20 and two positive
and negative control groups of 6. The canals were
prepared by step-back technique and then filled
with gutta-percha and one of the sealers mentioned.
In the positive control group, the canals were filled
with gutta-percha without sealer, and in the negative
control group, the canals were prepared but not filled.
The teeth were immersed in 2% methylene blue dye
for 72 hours. The teeth were then cut longitudinally
and the level of dye penetration was measured under
a stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed by SPSS ver.
19 software, ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests.
Results: The mean level of dye penetration in the
Endofill test group was significantly higher than that
in the AH26 and MTA Fillapex test groups. While, the
observed difference between AH26 and MTA Fillapex
groups was not statistically significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that
AH26 and MTA Fillapex sealers did not show any
significant difference in apical seal properties.
However, their sealing strength was significantly
greater than Endofill sealer
Study of genetic variants of MEFV gene in patients suffering from 2019-nCoV infection and it's comparison with general population
Get PDFBackground and objective: In early 2020, an outbreak of pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus became pandemic. This study evaluates the potential immune-genetically role of MEFV gene mutations in COVID 19 patients.
Methods: Fifty COVID 19 PCR positive patients who were hospitalized in COVID 19 referral centers between 1st of March to 30th of April in 2020 were evaluated for MEFV gene mutations using ARMS PCR and Sanger sequencing.
Results: MEFV gene mutations were found in 6 (12%) of the patients. No homozygote or compound heterozygote forms were detected. The total mutant allele frequency was 6% and carrier rate was 12%. The most common MEFV variant was E148Q which was seen in 3 (6%) patients. None of the expired patients had MEFV gene mutations. None of the MEFV gene mutant patients had FMF symptoms or positive family history of FMF disease.
Conclusions: Considering the high carrier rate of MEFV gene mutations in the eastern Mediterranean region and a significantly lower prevalence of these mutations in COVID 19 patients, it seems that MEFV gene mutations may have a protective role in incidence of the disease. The noted mutations may also have a protective impact on COVID 19 infection mortality rate
Sonographic measurements of the abdominal esophageal length in premature neonates with and without gastro-esophageal reflux disease
Get PDFIntroduction: Recently, association between the length of abdominal esophagus and increased risk for gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been hypothesized. The aim of the present study was to determine this relation.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 75 consecutive premature neonates aged less than 30 days with birth weight less than 2000 gr hospitalized in Neonates’ ward of the Mahdieh hospital in Tehran were included into the study. The certain diagnosis of GERD was based on clinical manifestations. The presence of GERD and also measurement of the abdominal esophageal length was assessed by portable sonography using SIUI sonography device.
Results: Clinically, reflux was diagnosed in 15 neonates (20.0%). It was also diagnosed in 20 cases (26.7%) by sonography assessment yielding a sensitivity of 86.7%, a specificity of 88.3%, a positive predictive value of 65.0%, a negative predictive value of 96.4%, and an accuracy of 88% for this diagnostic device. The mean length of abdominal esophagus was estimated 15.2 ± 4.1 mm. There was a strong positive association of the length of abdominal esophagus with neonatal birth weight (r = 0.553, P < 0.001) and also with gestational age (r = 0.491, P = 0.001). In a multivariate linear regression model, shorter abdominal esophagus was shown to be related to the presence of reflux.
Conclusion: Shorter abdominal esophagus in premature neonates is associated with increased risk for GERD that is more highlighted in those neonates with lower birth weight and lower gestational age. Sonography has a high value for assessment of abdominal esophageal length and reflux diagnosis in premature neonates
Frequency, causes, and findings of brain CT scans of neonatal seizure at Ardabil City Hospital, Ardabil, Iran
Get PDFBackground: Neonatal seizures are the primary and most important signs of neurologic function disorders that often lead to serious complications. However, this disorder is predictable and manageable with suitable diagnostic and therapeutic methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency, causes, and findings of brain CT scans of neonatal seizure.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study has been done on 70 neonates with seizures who hospitalized in Ardabil city hospital during 2016-2017. CT scans were done for all patients. Necessary information for each patient was recorded in a checklist including demographic data, history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and maternal endocrine disorders, and history of resuscitation and clinical data including type of seizure and its duration, Cause of seizure and CT scan findings (cerebral hemorrhage, local ischemic lesions, hypoxemic-ischemic encephalopathy, and anatomical cerebral malformations).
Results: The mean age of neonates was 12.41±9.33 days. Of them, 61.4% were boys, 3.24% LBW and 40% were preterm at birth time. Of all neonates, 21.4% had history of seizure in their relative degree family members. Fever was the most common symptom accompanying seizures (40%). The most common form was tonic seizure (n=30, 42.9%) and its duration time was 4.99 minute. A total of 41.4% of neonates (29 cases) had abnormal CT scan reports. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (47%) was the most common findings in the CT scans of neonates with seizures.
Conclusions: Results showed that, a considerable number of neonates had abnormal CT findings and the most common abnormal form was hypoxemic-ischemic encephalopathy
Functional laxative foods: Concepts, trends and health benefits
No full textBackground: Constipation is a common public health concern experienced by all individuals during their life. It is an effective factor in the quality of life. In this paper, we aimed to provide an overview of the existing evidence regarding the role of food ingredients, including bran, prune, fig, kiwifruit, flaxseed, and olive on constipation treatment. Scope and approach: We searched Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect by using "laxative foods" and "constipation" for searching studies assessing laxative..
Evaluation of respiratory allergies between children 5 to 10 years candidate for adenotonsillectomy surgery Ardabil Fatemi Hospital 1397
No full textBackground & objects: Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the most common cause of chronic upper airway obstruction and sleep-disordered breathing in children. According to recent research, sensitivity to respiratory allergens leads to immunological changes in adenocarcinoma tissues.
Aim: Evaluation of respiratory allergies between children 5 to 10 years candidate for adenotonsillectomy surgery Ardabil Fatemi Hospital 1397
Materials and Method: This study was performed on 78 children who were candidates for adenotonsillectomy. After completing the standard forms for recording information, patients underwent perik skin test and the obtained information was recorded in special forms and entered into SPSS21 statistical analysis program..
Results: In the study, 44.9% of children were allergic to various respiratory allergens. A history of asthma in patients with a 75% probability led to a positive respiratory allergy. A family history of allergies is also a risk factor for respiratory allergies.
Conclusion: The results showed that the prevalence of respiratory allergies is higher in patients who are candidates for surgery with a history of asthma and atopic dermatitis, ocular allergy symptoms and family history of allergies
