Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Serum Levels of Adipolin in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and compared it with Control Subjects
No full textObjective: Disturbance in the balance of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors is evident in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Aims: The present study aimed to investigate serum adipolin levels in patients with stable and acute exacerbation of COPD.
Materials and Methods: Serum adipolin levels were measured in 30 patients with stable COPD (stable-COPD ), 30 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AE-COPD), and 30 control subjects, and compared them with airflow limitation according to the COPD stage in the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (GOLD) criteria, peripheral O2 saturation (SpO2), and COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score. The association of serum adipolin levels with COPD patients’ clinical parameters was also tested.
Results: Serum adipolin levels decreased in stable-COPD and AE-COPD groups compared with the control group (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). Moreover, adipolin levels decreased in AE-COPD patients compared with the stable-COPD group after adjusted for age, BMI, smoking history and group (p<0.01). . In this study, we additionally found a negative association between serum adipolin levels and CAT score plus mMRC scale.
Conclusion: Decreased adipolin levels demonstrated its anti-inflammatory effects in patients with COPD, especially in AE-COPD patients. Although this study has not shown a causal link between adipolin and severity of disease in patients with COPD, it suggests a role for adipolin in these patients
ADHD subtype-specific cognitive correlates and association with self-esteem: a quantitative difference
Get PDFBackground
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a major neurodevelopmental disorder with heterogeneous symptoms, subtypes, and cognitive deficits. Cognitive deficits are central to ADHD pathophysiology and one potential source of heterogeneity in ADHD. Subtype-specific cognitive correlates are not, however, well-studied. We explored cognitive correlates of ADHD subtypes based on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV) scores. We also assessed subtype-specific self-esteem rating in ADHD subtypes and explored its association with cognitive correlates.
Methods
One hundred thirty-nine children with ADHD (80.6% boy, 19.4% girl) were categorized into the predominantly “hyperactive (ADHD-H)”, “inattentive (ADHD-I)” and “combined (ADHD-C)” subtype based on their symptoms and scores on the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS-PL) and Conners Parent-Rating Scale (CPRS-RS). They were then individually administrated the WISC-IV and completed a self-esteem inventory. Group differences in the WISC-IV indices and their predictability in discriminating ADHD subtypes were analyzed.
Results
We found a quantitative differentiation of cognitive abilities among ADHD subtypes with “working memory” as the most compromised cognitive domain. ADHD-I had the poorest cognitive profile while ADHD-H scored highest in all cognitive domains. Importantly, cognitive abilities were negatively correlated with inattention and positively correlated with hyperactive symptoms. Moreover, self-esteem ratings were positively correlated with the cognitive domains and were rated differently based on the subtypes. ADHD-H, with the highest cognitive strength, reported the highest level of self-esteem among all subtypes.
Conclusions
ADHD subtype-specific symptoms, cognitive deficits, and self-esteem problems should be considered for precise diagnosis and effective and personalized treatment in ADHD in light of further supporting evidence and assessments. Cognitive interventions might be more compatible with and effective in inattentive and combined subtypes of ADHD. Working memory improving-based interventions can benefit all ADHD subtypes. A supportive educational system in school and providing adjunct supportive interventions should be considered for children with ADHD as well
The Relationship between Job Burnout and Cognitive Failures among Employees of Hospitals in Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in 1397
No full textIntroduction: Job burnout is a common phenomenon in health care employees who need to deal with and witness people’s problems and expectations. By definition, occupational cognitive failures appear as problems in performing daily tasks like forgetting them or having difficulty in focusing on them. The present study is an attempt to investigate the relationship between job burnout and occupation cognitive failures in nurses of educational hospitals. Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was done in 2018 and consisted of nurses from the Ardebil Hospital (n= 2,250). Using the Cochran formula, 328 hospital nurses were selected from different units by simple random sampling method. The data were collected by two professional health experts through interviewing and completing demographic questionnaires, job burnout questionnaire, and occupational cognitive failure questionnaire. Statistical analyses was performed in SPSS19. Results: A total of 328 nurses participated in the study. The mean age of the subjects was 34±8 years, varying from 22 years to 58 years. Occupational cognitive failures increased with the increase in emotional exhaustion and depersonalization; while it decreased with an increase in individual accomplishment. Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between occupational cognitive failure and different dimensions of job burnout. In addition, different dimensions of job burnout (Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal accomplishment) could be associated with possible errors in information processing (memory, attention, and functioning)
Investigating the relationship between mental fatigue talent and its relationship with mental workload in health care worker in Ardabil city health center in 1397
No full textBackground: Mental workload and job boredom proneness in female health care providers attenuate the quality of provided health cares. The relationship between mental workload and job boredom proneness in female health care providers at Ardabil-based health centers in 2019 were examined.
Methods: The study was carried out as an analytical cross-sectional study with 234 participants selected randomly. The participants were female health care providers working at 48 health centers. Data gathering tools were a demographics form, NASA TLX, and job boredom proneness questionnaire. Data analyses were done using SPSS19.
Results: The results showed that health care providers had a severe mental workload and moderate job boredom proneness. Mental workload increased job boredom proneness in terms of temporal demand aspect and decreased job boredom proneness in terms of performance aspect.
Conclusion: Mental workload aspects temporal demand that has to do with time pressure and performance that has to do with the satisfaction with performance prevented the intensification of job boredom proneness. Therefore, managers can control mental workload through creating a balance between personnel’s work capacity and workload and increasing the number of female health care providers
Comparison of Apical Extrusion of Debris durig root canal instrumentation by using reciproc,protaper next,protaper universal,reciproc blue rotary systems
Get PDFBackground and Aim:
Debris withdrawal is known as an undesirable phenomenon during canal preparation that can lead to post-treatment problems; This study was designed and conducted to compare the rate of apical debris exit during root canal preparation using protaper universal, protaper next, reciproc and reciproc blue rotary files.
Materials and Methods:
In this experimental-laboratory study, research sampling was performed on 80 single-channel extracted human premolars. The samples were randomly divided into 4 groups of 20. The first group was prepared by the protaper universal file. The second group was prepared by the protaper next file. The third group was prepared by reciproc file. The fourth group was prepared by reciproc blue file. The teeth of each group were prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions for each file. Myers and Montgomery methods were used to collect the exits from the apex during channel preparation; Also, one-way analysis of variance in SPSS software version 22 was used to compare the values of output apical debris and canal preparation time in different groups and the acceptable error level was considered 0.05.
Results:
The results showed that the highest output debris values are in the application of the protaper universal file and the lowest in the reciproc blue file; Also, the longest preparation time of dental root canals was recorded in the use of protaper universal file and the shortest in the reciproc file There was a significant difference in output debris values and preparation time of root canals between proteper universal file with proteper next, reciproc and reciproc blue and protaper next file with reciproc and reciproc blue files (P 0.05).
Conclusion:
Although all canal preparation systems cause debris removal, its use is recommended because the use of rotating devices, especially reciproc and reciprocal blue systems, can help reduce debris and thus reduce post-treatment emergencie
Tranexamic Acid Effect on Migration Ability and the Level of Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/9 of T98G and HUVEC Cells in Co-Culture Condition
Get PDFBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The high infiltration rate of glioma cells into surrounding brain parenchyma is the reason for the treatment failure in glioblastoma. The interactions between glioblastoma and endothelial cells increase the migration capacity of cancerous cells. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of Tranexamic acid (TXA) on glioblastoma and endothelial cells migration and matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) levels in co-culture conditions.
METHODS: In this experimental study, the T98G cancer cell line and HUVECs were obtained from the Pasteur Institute of Iran and treated alone or in co-culture conditions with TXA. The cell viability was measured using MTT assay. The migration rate was evaluated by creating a scratch in the culture plates and comparing the scratch area at different time intervals in the control and 6 and 24 mM TXA-treated groups. The MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels in the control and 6 mM TXA-treated cells were examined through zymography.
FINDINGS: The viability of each cell line alone and T98G and HUVEC cells in co-culture conditions was reduced from 60 mM of TXA on (p=0.0001). The scratch size of 6 and 24 mM TXA-treated HUVECs following 36 hours of treatment was 0.27±0.05 and 0.36±0.04 of their initial scratch square that was significantly higher than the control group (p=0.034 and p=0.005, respectively). There was not a significant difference in the scratch size of T98G cells. The scratch size of co-culture control was 0.12±0.01 after 36 hours of the onset of the experiment. This was significantly lower than 6 (0.28±0.06) and 24 mM (0.39±0.07) TXA-treated T98G+HUVECs (p=0.01 and p=0.002, respectively). TXA administration significantly decreased the MMP-2 (p=000) and MMP-9 (p=000) levels in co-culture conditions.
CONCLUSION: TXA could reduce glioblastoma and endothelial cell migration and MMP-2 and MMP-9 level in co-culture conditions
Diagnosis accuracy of ultra-low dose protocol in the detection of recurrent caries under composite restorations using Cone-beam computed tomography
No full textIntroduction: Many efforts have been made to develop low-dose protocols in Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). A new ultra-low dose mode for the ProMax 3D CBCT may allow a dose reduction of about 75%. According to the manufacturer, it can be used for orthodontic treatments, implant planning or follow-up studies. A reduction in dose for the patient could reduce Image quality. The diagnostic ability of CBCT Images acquired with this protocol for common diagnostic tasks in dentistry, including detection of carious lesions, is not evident. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the ultra-low dose scanning protocol of CBCT to detect recurrent caries under composite restoration.
Materials and methods: Class II cavities were prepared on 54 sound extracted premolar teeth. Teeth were divided into three groups, each 18 teeth. In the control group, cavities were restored with composite resin after etching and bonding. In Group 2, artificial caries were created randomly on the buccal or lingual walls. In Group 3 specimens, artificial caries were created on the gingival walls. The cavities were then restored with resin composite. Four CBCT images were acquired for each specimen using ProMax 3D, with two standard (GS-high definition, GS-normal definition) and two ultra-low dose scanning protocols (UL-high definition, UL-normal definition). Three observers examined the images. Kappa Coefficients were calculated. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (Az) was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy. Az values were compared using bonferroni test with a significance level of α= 0.05.
Results: The diagnostic accuracy of ultra-low dose scanning protocols was significantly lower than that of standard protocols (p<0.05). The mean Az values for Ul-high definition, UL-normal definition, GS-high definition, and GS-normal definition scanning protocols were 0.823, 0.799, 0.640, and 0.626, respectively.
Conclusion: Generally, it can be concluded that the diagnostic accuracy of the ultra-low dose protocol is significantly lower than the standard protocol and contrary to standard protocol, ultra low dose protocol is not reliable for the detection of secondary caries under composite restorations
Clinical and radiographic assessment of peri-implant status of implants with and without microthread in collar region
No full textIntroduction:Dental implants are an effective method for replacing missing teeth.This retrospective study aims to assess clinical and radiographic parameters in microthreaded and without microthread implants.
Method and material:53 ACE® implants and 53 MAX® implants were inserted in 53 patients in molar-pre molar region adjacent to each other or bilaterally or in opposite position.Clinical(clinical attachment loss,periodontal probing depth,bleeding on probing.plaque index) and radiographic(marginal bone loss) parameters were assessed 12 monthes after implant placement.
Results:53patients and 106 implants were assessed.Marginal bone loss was measured 0/6mm in microthreaded implants and 0/52mm in without microthread implants.Mean Periodontal pocket depth was measured 1/97mm in microthreaded implants and 1/95mm in without microthread implants.Clinical attachment loss was measured 0/17mm in microthreaded implants and 0/13mm in without microthread implants.
Conclusion:Although in this article microthreaded implants showed higher marginal bone loss and clinical attachment loss,but difference was clinically small and inconsiderable.Marginal bone loss is a multifactorial process and microthread in collar region has limited effect on it.Microthread in collar region of mentioned implants don’t have significant effect on marginal bone loss and showed similar and reliable short term results
Symptoms of allergic rhinitis in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy
No full textBackground: There is few studies have been performed on whether allergic rhinitis is a cause of adenotonsillar hypertrophy. The importance of this issue is in terms of reducing the need for adenotonsillectomy in the population of children with allergic rhinitis. He walked in the crowd of children.
Aim: To determine the frequency of allergic rhinitis symptoms in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy.
Methods and material: The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional study and the frequency of symptoms was a total sampling that included all patients referred for adenotonsillectomy. The total number of people was 150 whose information was collected through detailed checklists and patient records. Inclusion criteria included all patients undergoing adenotonsillectomy under 18 years of age. In this study, only the frequency of symptoms in patients who are candidates for surgery was measured and only patients whose diagnosis is definitive and are candidates for surgery were included in the study.
Results: In the present study, a total of 150 patients were included in the study. In terms of gender, the highest frequency was related to boys (66.7%). Most patients lived in the center of the province (66.7%). In terms of father's job, the highest number was related to freelance work with 62.67%. The mean age of the subjects was 7.55 years. The highest frequency was related to the history of recurrent middle ear infection in children with 73 cases (48.7%). The lowest frequency was jointly assigned to the history of taking anti-allergy drugs and the history of recurrent itching in the child with 21 cases (14%). There was no significant relationship between any of the studied symptoms and age and sex of patients (P <0.05).
Conclusion: Attention to the symptoms of allergic rhinitis in patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy can be effective in better treatment and prevention of surgery and thus the absence of postoperative complications
Analysis of the acrylamide in breads and evaluation of mitochondrial/lysosomal protective agents to reduce its toxicity in vitro model
No full textAcrylamide, as a carcinogenic agent, is formed during food processing. Because of the high number of gastrointestinal cancers in Ardabil City, we hypothesized that probably the amount of acrylamide is high in the traditional breads. Also, due to the human are inevitably subjected to acrylamide, we searched strategies for reducing its toxicity in cellular level. The concentration of acrylamide in Barbari, Taftoon, Sangak, and Lavash breads were 143.5 ± 2.5, 129.4 ± 1.7, 95.2 ± 1.3, and 17.5 ± 2.5 μg/kg, respectively. Mitochondrial/lysosomal protective agents decreased acrylamide-induced oxidative damages. Results indicated acrylamide is high in these breads and mitochondrial/lysosomal protective agents could be a strategy for reduction of its toxicity