Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Surgical Correction of Different Severities of Astigmatism Using Wavefront-Optimized Photorefractive Keratectomy
Get PDFBackground and Objective: Astigmatism is a prevalent refractive error. One of the most common methods of refractive surgery is photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) surgery. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of PRK on three types of astigmatism (mild, moderate, and severe). Methods: This prospective interventional case series was performed on 46 eyes of 25 patients with astigmatism ranging from 1-6 diopter with ≤1D sphere. After obtaining informed written consent, demographic information of patients and the results of the examination were recorded. The patients undergoing surgery were followed up for 12 months and their data were then collected and statistically analyzed. Results: The mean preoperative and postoperative refractive astigmatism was -3.01±1.42 and -0.40±0.37 (D), respectively (p<0.001). The mean preoperative and postoperative sphere was also -0.12±0.51 and -0.00±0.16 (D), respectively (P=0.11). while the mean preoperative refractive astigmatism in the sever, moderate and mild groups was -5.00±0.57 (D), -3.27±0.49 (D) and -1.79±0.42 (D), respectively, the mean postoperative refractive astigmatism in the sever, moderate and mild groups was -0.70±0.45 (D), -0.37±0.37 (D) and -0.26±0.21 (D), respectively. The effect of PRK on astigmatism correction in sever astigmatism was better than mild and moderate astigmatism (p<0.001). There was no significant relationship between age and correction of refractive astigmatism using PRK (p=0.75). In adittion, refractive stability and keratometric astigmatism was achieved at 3 and 1 month postoperatively, respectively. The mean SIA and IOS was also 3.11±1.52 and 0.14±0.08, respectively. Conclusion: PRK with Allegretto WaveLight Eye-Q 400 is a successful surgery to correct and decrease all types of astigmatism. The RPK effect on the severe astigmatism was significantly higher than mild and moderate types
COVID-19 and acute kidney injury; a case report
Get PDFAlthough there is no definitive evidence that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects the kidneys adversely, amongst those who develop severe COVID-19 infection and require hospitalization, acute kidney injury (AKI) was reported. Here, we report the clinical outcome associated with AKI in a 32-year-old man with confirmed COVID-19 infection with no prior history of renal malfunction. The AKI was identified during intensive care unit (ICU) course with the median creatinine and blood urea nitrogen values of 3.1 mg/dL (normal value: 0.6-1.2 mg/dL) and 145 mg/dL (normal value:15-45 mg/dL), respectively. Renal function of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection needs to be monitored regularly to intervene as early as possible and to prevent the development of AKI and further kidney complications
Aesthetics outcome of immediately restored single implants placed in extraction sockets in the anterior maxilla: A case series study
Get PDFBackground. Immediate single implant placement and restoration (IIR) is recognized as a novel method and is the main request of many patients. This study was designed to evaluate the aesthetic outcomes of immediately restored single implants placed in extraction sockets in the anterior maxilla. Methods. In this case series study, 18 patients were selected from two private clinics after placing a single-tooth implant in the anterior maxilla. Immediate provisional crowns were delivered on the following day or at most 48 hours later, and guide-lines were provided. The Pink Esthetic Score (PES) questionnaire was used at 6- and 12-month follow-ups to assess aesthetic outcomes. Data were analyzed with single t-test and dependent t-test. Results. In general, the results showed that the status of the mesial papilla, distal papilla, curve of the facial soft tissue line, level of the facial peri-implant mucosa and root convexity soft tissue in IIR method were optimal (P<0.05), with total PES means of 9.44±0.783 and 8.58±1.003 after 6 and 12 months, respectively. Also, the results showed a significant difference in PES between the 6-month and 12-month intervals (P<0.05). Conclusion. IIR is a viable method that resulted in optimal aesthetic outcomes based on PES in the short term. Considering its confirmation in this study and previous studies, it is recommended that dentists apply this method
In regard to Cuccia et al.: impact of hydrogel peri-rectal spacer insertion on prostate gland intra-fraction motion during 1.5 T MR-guided stereotactic body radiotherapy
No full textWe read the article entitled “Impact of hydrogel peri-rectal spacer insertion on prostate gland intra-fraction motion during 1.5 T MR-guided stereotactic body radiotherapy” with great interest. In that study, the author reported that there is a statistically significant difference in the rotational antero-posterior shifts between the spacer and the non-spacer groups. Also, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of translational shifts. However, there are some points about the study. In this letter, we aimed to clarify these point
Musculoskeletal Disorders Evaluation of Glass Factory Workers using the Discomfort Survey Questionnaire and Assessment Repetitive Tasks (ART) Method
Get PDFAim: MusculoSkeletal Disorders (MSDs) are the most common and most costly occupational injuries and one of the main causes of work-related disability and disability among workers. The aim of this study was musculoskeletal disorders evaluation of glass factory workers using the discomfort survey questionnaire and Assessment Repetitive Tasks (ART) method
Method and Instruments: This study was a cross-sectional study. Data were collected by census of active workers in the two main production halls. The MSDs data among 40 workers were collected using the discomfort survey questionnaire. Four types of activity were evaluated by ART method. The study data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software.
Findings: The results obtained from the questionnaire and evaluation of ART method were consistent. According to the results obtained from the left and right were as different levels of risk and the right to 42.17% of the average risk level, 28.14 percent and 28.14 percent of high-risk but low level of risk to low risk level and 85.42% of the left 85.42 percent average risk and 28.14% of the high - risk level is obtained.
Conclusion: For most tasks sides of the body with moderate risk level. By providing simple and low-cost solutions, as well as management of these disorders can be prevented to some extent
The Relationship between Mental Workload and Job Boredom Proneness in Female Health Care Providers at Ardabil-Based Health Centers – Iran 2019
Get PDFBackground: Mental workload and job boredom proneness in female health care providers attenuate the quality of provided health cares. The relationship between mental workload and job boredom proneness in female health care providers at Ardabil-based health centers in 2019 were examined.
Methods: The study was carried out as an analytical cross-sectional study with 234 participants selected randomly. The participants were female health care providers working at 48 health centers. Data gathering tools were a demographics form, NASA TLX, and job boredom proneness questionnaire. Data analyses were done using SPSS19.
Results: The results showed that health care providers had a severe mental workload and moderate job boredom proneness. Mental workload increased job boredom proneness in terms of temporal demand aspect and decreased job boredom proneness in terms of performance aspect.
Conclusion: Mental workload aspects temporal demand that has to do with time pressure and performance that has to do with the satisfaction with performance prevented the intensification of job boredom proneness. Therefore, managers can control mental workload through creating a balance between personnel’s work capacity and workload and increasing the number of female health care providers
Study of Adolescents’ Puberty, Adolescence Training Program: The Application of Intervention Mapping Approach
Get PDFBackground: Adolescence is a significant period of life which is crucial for life long health. The purpose of the study was to develop a puberty intervention-training program using an intervention mapping approach (IMA). Methods: The present study was a study protocol where IMA was used as a planning framework for developing a puberty intervention-training program (PITP). Six intervention mapping steps have been described in this protocol. As the first step, needs assessment was performed by reviewing the studies, qualitative evaluation, and interviews. In the second step, the matrix of change objectives was designed from the intersection of performance goals and determinants. Later on, after designing the program and planning the program implementation, the program evaluation plan was developed. Results: IMA guided us in designing and implementing a control-oriented training program with the participation of the participants along with the definition of outcomes, performance goals and determinants, theoretical methods and practical applications, intervention program, implementation and step by step assessment. Conclusion: Intervention mapping is a control-oriented, systematic, participation-based approach to design and implement targeted and on-going health promotion programs
Exploring nurses' perception of taking care of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19): A qualitative study
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Healthcare staff, especially nurses, who are in the frontline of caring of patients with COVID‐19 have valuable experiences about taking care of these patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was exploring nurses' perception of taking care of patients with COVID‐19.
Design
This qualitative study was performed using the conventional content analysis method.
Methods
13 nurses who were taking care of patients with COVID‐19 were selected using purposeful sampling in the Lorestan University of Medical Sciences. The data were collected through telephone interviews and analysed based on the Lundman and Graneheim's approach.
Results
Qualitative analysis of the data revealed 3 sub‐categories, 8 categories and 3 main categories including care erosion, nursing professional growth and necessities.
Relevance to clinical practice
Improve the work situation of the nurses during care of COVID‐19 patients, which can directly or indirectly improve the quality of care of these patients
Evaluation of Antibiotics utilization in Imam Khomeini hospital, Ardabil
No full textIntroduction:
Antibiotic resistance is one of the main problems in the health system because of widespread antibiotics use. Monitoring and assessing of the Antibiotics prescribing patterns is the first step for rational use of Antibiotics and decreasing antibiotics overuse. Our study is the first study for assessing the pattern of antibiotics use in different wards of Imam Khomeini teaching Hospital in Ardabil, Iran.
Methods:
This study was conducted on 300 patients admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital during 6 months study period (Jun - December 2019). Using patient's record information and standard method of ATC/DDD presented by Word health organisation, antibiotics consumption pattern was evaluated.
Results:
Out Of 300 recruited patients, 174were male (58%) and 126 were female (42%).The mean±SD age of entered patients was 47/2±22/8 years.The total antibiotic consumption was 45/99 DDDD/100 bedday, which Ciprofloxacin was the most common prescribed antibiotic with 55/11DDD/100 beddays, which followed by Meropenem and Ceftriaxone in the next ranks with 43/32 and 39/66 DDD/100 beddays respectively.
Discussion and conclusion:
In accordance with previous studies, present study showed significant antibiotics usage. There is an urgent need to prepare rational antibiotic consumption protocols especially for highly used Antibiotics including ciprofloxacin, meropenem and ceftriaxone, in different wards of Imam Khomeini hospital, Ardabil, Iran
Nurses Interaction and Trust to Managers from the Perspective of Nurses and its Relationship with Nurses' Performance Behaviors in Ardabil Medical- Educational Centers, 2018
No full textBackground and Aim: Professionalization is one of the most essential concepts in nursing resulting from the interaction between individual, workplace and interpersonal communication. On the other hand, the quality of the interaction and trust between a nurse and her supervisor influences nurse behavior and performance. This study aimed to determine the interaction and trust status of nurses- managers and their relationship with nurses' performance behavior in Ardabil medical- educational centers.
Methods: This was a descriptive- correlational study with 407 participants of employed nurses in Ardabil's medical- educational centers. The sampling method was stratified random. Leiden & Maslin's Leader and Employees’ Interaction Questionnaire, the trust of supervisor McAlester, and Paterson's Job Performance were used for data collection. Data were analyzed by SPSS v. 22 using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency) and inferential statistics (Chi-square test, Logistic regression).
Results: The results showed that most nurses had a positive interaction with head nurses (82.1%) and supervisors (59.2%). Nurses' trust in head nurses (80.3%) and supervisor (61.9%) was also high. Also, most of the nurses (92.6%) reported high-performance behaviors. There was no significant correlation between nurse- head nurse interaction and trust and performance behavior of nurses (P <0.05), while nurse- supervisor interaction and trust and performance behavior of nurses were significant respectively (P= 0.028) (P = 0.037).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed a significant relationship between nurse-supervisor interaction and nurses' trust and nurses' performance behavior. Therefore it is recommended to improve the interaction and trust between the treatment team, especially among nurses and supervisors, are considered as one of the factors influencing the nurses' behavioral performance