Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Effect of Thiamine hydrochloride on oxidative stress, inflammation, and glycation markers in male rat model of syndrome metabolic
No full textAbstract: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a profile of risk factors that increase the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Nuclear factor -κB (NF-κB) has a pivotal role in hepatic homeostasis insulin sensitivity, and lipid metabolism.
Background: According to literature reviews, thiamine has an advantajous efefct on dyslipidemia and reducing effect on the formation of glycated products and oxidative stress in diabetic models and diabetic patients, but so far the effect of thiamine on hepatic NF- κB gene expression, inflammatory, oxidative stress and glycation markers as well as enzyme activity glyoxylase-I has not been studied in animal models of metabolic syndrome or persons with MS.
Aim: To evaluate the effect of vitamin B1 (thiamine hydrochloride) on gene expression of hepatic NF- κB and glycation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers as well as the activity of glyoxalase-I in male rats of the MS model.
Materials and Methods: In an experimental study, 48 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of 12 rats in each: control and MS groups and two similar groups that were treated with thiamine (0.18 g/L daily for 4 months). MS induced in rat via recivinig sucrose solution 40 %, daily for 4 months. End of the study, blood and tissue samples were obtained from rats and biochemical parameters such as metabolic profile (glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL), creatinine, uric acid, glycated albumin and LDL, advanced oxidation end products, malondialdehyde, the enzymatic activity of glyoxylase-1, Sera alanine and aspartate transaminases were measured by photometric methods. Methylglyoxal and reduced glutathione were also measured by HPLC, insulin and IL-1β were measured by ELISA and NF-κB gene expression by real-time PCR. Data were analyzed by multivariate or multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and Tuckey. Statistical significance was considered as P-value< 0.05
Results: Body weight, blood sugar, insulin resistance index, lipid profile (triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL), glycemic, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, serum creatinine and uric acid, liver enzyme activities (alanine, aspartate and transamine), and the hepatic NF- κB gene expression significantly increased the activity of glyoxylase I decreased in the metabolic syndrome group. Also, acute hepatitis was observed in this group. Thiamine had a compensatory effect on biochemical and histological changes caused by metabolic syndrome (p <0.001).
Conclusion: Thiamine with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-glycemic properties reduced body weight and improved renal function, glucose and lipid metabolism as well as the activity of glyoxylase-I. In addition, thiamine showed a protective effect on liver tissue by reducing the expression of the hepatic NF- κB gene
Thiamine reduced metabolic syndrome symptoms in rats via down-regulation of hepatic nuclear factor-kβ and induction activity of glyoxalase-I
No full textObjective(s): Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cause of death worldwide. The hepatic nuclear factor- NFkβ
(NF-kβ) is the cardinal player of hepatic homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and lipid metabolism.
Thus, we investigated the effect of thiamine on hepatic gene expression of NF-kβ and its levels of
activators in MS rats.
Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups (ten rats in
each group): normal, MS, and two alike groups under thiamine treatment. MS was induced in rats
with a high sucrose solution (40 % in drinking water) for 4 months. Treated groups of rats received
0.18 % of thiamine daily in drinking water. Hematoxylin-Eosin stains were employed to determine
the histopathological changes of the liver. Metabolic profile, glycation products, oxidative stress,
inflammatory markers, the activity of glyoxalase-I, as well as NF-kβ hepatic expression of all rat
groups, were determined.
Results: Acute hepatitis was not observed in the livers of the thiamine treated MS rats. Besides, the
treatment showed an advantageous effect on glucose, lipid metabolism, and body weight via downregulation
of hepatic NF-kβ and induction of glyoxalase system activity. Furthermore, the treatment
decreased diverse glycation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers (P>0.001).
Conclusion: Thiamine decreased body weight and improved metabolism and activity of glyoxalase-I in
MS rats with anti-glycation, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Further, the treatment had a
hepato-protective effect via reduction of NF-kβ signalin
The Prevalence of Skeletal Disorders among middle-School Girl Students in Ardabil in 2019
No full textBackground: Postural disorders are adverse changes in the skeletal structure that have an important impact on the health of children in adulthood. It is important to know the physical condition of students and to provide appropriate solutions to eliminate such possible abnormalities.
Aim: To determine the prevalence of skeletal disorders among middle-school girl students in ardabil in 2019
Methods and meterials: A total of 364 female students studying in middle schools in Ardabil in the academic year 2019 were included in this study by cluster sampling. The research tools were plummet (guideline), matrix sheet, mirror box and the personal characteristics questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS software, version 24.
Results: Prevalence of postural disorders were as follows: uneven shoulders (53.8%), forward head (35.7%), lumbar lordosis (28.3%), kyphosis (24.5%), flat feet (11.5%) %), scoliosis (11.3%), hallux valgus (10.4%), genu varum (8.5%), genu valgum (5.5%), and flat back (2.2%). Also, there was a significant relationship between uneven shoulders (P=0.001) and lumbar lordosis (P=0.006) with students' body mass index status.
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the highest percentage of postural disorders among middle-school girl students in Ardabil was related to uneven shoulders and the lowest percentage was related to flat back. Also, the frequency of uneven shoulders was significantly higher among lean and very lean students and the frequency of lumbar lordosis was significantly higher among obese student
Prevalence and Seasonal Activity of Ticks Infesting Livestock in North West Areas of Iran
Get PDFBackground: The livestock sector represents a significant part of the global economy, particularly in the developing world. Tick infestation and tick-borne zoonoses affect people living in the countryside in developed and developing countries and causes serious health problems.
Aim: To determine of Prevalence and seasonal activity of ticks infesting livestock in northwest areas.
Methods: This study was conducted in two village of western Meshkin Shahr Ardabil province of Iran. Ticks were collected via dragging method randomly from cattle, sheep, buffalo and goat.
Results: Five species of hard ticks (Rhipicephalus bursa n=82), (Hyalomma anatolicum n=35), (Hy.dermodarii n=24), (Hy.detritumn=12) and Hy.marginatum n=82), 2 species of soft ticks (Ornithodoros lahorensis n=72) and Argas persicus n=6) were collected. During the survey, a total of 3,114 ticks were collected from different locations and majority of ticks (2432, 78%) were collected in summer followed by 682 (22%) in winter. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS-16 software.
Conclusions: Hy.marginatum the main vector of CCHF in this study was the high frequency and ticks infesting livestock was high in Northwest of Iran
Calcitriol Reduces Adverse Effects of Diclofenac on Mitochondrial Function in Isolated Rat Heart Mitochondria
No full textThe safety of diclofenac (DIC) use in clinical practice has been questioned because of adverse cardiovascular effects. Previous studies have indicated that DIC cause mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in heart mitochondria. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of calcitriol against the mitochondrial toxicity potency of diclofenac in heart rat mitochondria. For this purpose, rat heart mitochondria were isolated with mechanical lysis and differential centrifugation. Then isolated mitochondria were pretreated with 3 different concentrations of calcitriol (2.5, 5 and 10 µM) for 5 min at 37°C, after which DIC (10 µg/ml) was added to promote deleterious effects on mitochondria. During 1 hour of incubation, using by flow cytometry and biochemical evaluations, the parameters of mitochondrial toxicity were evaluated. Our results showed that DIC (10 µg/ml) caused a significant decrease in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) collapse, and mitochondrial swelling, and a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, lipid peroxidation (LP) and oxidative stress. Also, our results revealed that co-administration of calcitriol (5 and 10 µM) with diclofenac markedly ameliorates the mitochondrial toxicity effects in rat hart mitochondria. In this study, we showed that DIC impairs mitochondrial function and induces mitochondrial toxicity in rat heart isolated mitochondria, which were ameliorated by calcitriol. These findings suggest that calcitriol may be a preventive/therapeutic strategy for cardiotoxicity complications caused by DIC
Investigating the Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Its Related Factors in Women Referred To Shahroud Medical- Research Centers
No full textAbstract--- Considering the importance of gestational diabetes mellitus and different reports on the prevalence and risk factors of this disease, this research was conducted among pregnant mothers referred to Shahrood health centers in 2013 to determine the prevalence and risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus and glucose tolerance disorder. This is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. The study population was pregnant women who referred to clinics (health centers) in Shahroud for controlling pregnancy. The sample size was estimated at 1000 people. In order to screen for gestational diabetes at 24-28 weeks, all 1000 samples with normal blood glucose at first visit were asked a two-hour oral glucose tolerance test with consuming 75 g glucose (OGTT). Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage and mean) and inferential statistics (t-test) were used for data analysis by SPSS software. The prevalence of gestational diabetes was 3.8%. Another result was that increasing age increased the risk of gestational diabetes and its subsequent complications. Another point is the relationship between the history of gestational diabetes and type 2 diabetes in relatives and the incidence of gestational diabetes. The results of this study can be considered as an alarm signal for increasing the age of the pregnancy. A pregnant woman with a history of gestational diabetes or type 2 diabetes in her first-degree relatives should know that she has a higher risk of developing gestational diabetes. These can be adjusted by appropriate diet and exercise that can reduce the risk of diabetes during pregnancy and protect the mother and fetus from complications of gestational diabetes
Degradation of azo dye Acid Red 14 (AR14) from aqueous solution using H2O2/nZVI and S2O82–/nZVI processes in the presence of UV irradiation
No full textAzo dyes are mostly toxic and carcinogenic and cause harm to humans and the environment. This study was conducted to investigate the degradation of azo dye acid red 14 (AR14) from aqueous solution using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)/nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) and persulfate (S2O8 2–)/nZVI processes in the presence of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. This experimental study was carried out in a laboratory-scale batch photoreactor with a useful volume of 1 L. The nZVI was synthesized by the sodium borohydride (NaBH4) reduction method. In these processes, the effects of parameters including initial pH, H2O2 concentration, S2O8 2– concentration, nZVI dose, concentration of AR14 dye, and reaction time were studied. The results showed that decolorization increased by increasing the nZVI dosage, H2O2 and S2O4 2- concentrations, and reaction time, or decreasing dye concentration and pH. However, a too high oxidant concentration (H2O2 and S2O4 2-) could inhibit the degradation. The experimental conditions for degradation of AR14 by UV/S2O8 2-/nZVI and UV/H2O2/nZVI processes were as follows: [H2O2] = 10 mM, [S2O8 2–] = 8 mM, AB14 dye = 100 mg/L, pH = 3, and nZVI dose = 0.05 g. Under these conditions, the highest removal efficiencies of AR14, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total organic carbon (TOC) for the UV/S2O8 2–/nZVI process were 93.94%, 86.5%, and 81.6%, respectively, while these values were 89.3%, 79.57%, and 72.9% for the UV/H2O2/nZVI, respectively. Also, the average oxidation state (AOS) was decreased from 2.93 to 2.14 in the effluent of the UV/S2O8 2–/nZVI process and from 2.93 to 2.2 for the UV/H2O2/nZVI process. The results showed that the ratio of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) to COD in the effluents of the UV/S2O8 2/nZVI and UV/H2O2/nZVI processes after 90 min was 0.63 and 0.74, respectively. These findings suggest biodegradability improvement. Practitioner points: Photocatalytic degradation of azo dye Acid Red 14 (AR14) was achieved using H2O2/nZVI and S2O8 2–/nZVI processes in the presence of UV irradiation. Effects of operating parameters on photocatalytic degradation AR14 dye were evaluated in the UV/H2O2/nZVI and UV/S2O8 2–/nZVI processes. Biodegradability and mineralization studies of AR14 dye photocatalytic degradation were performed for the UV/H2O2/nZVI and UV/S2O8 2–/nZVI processes. © 2020 Water Environment Federatio
Socioeconomic-Related Inequalities in Dental Care Utilization in Northwestern Iran
No full textIntroduction: There have been multiple studies on socioeconomic-related inequalities in the use
of dental services in Iran, but the evidence is still limited. This study measured inequality in dental
care utilization by socioeconomic status and examined factors explaining this inequality among
households in Ardabil, Iran in 2019.
Methods: A total of 436 household heads participated in this cross-sectional study. Using
a validated questionnaire, face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect data on dental
care utilization, unmet needs, sociodemographic characteristics, economic status, health
insurance, and oral health status of the participants. We used the concentration curve and
relative concentration index (RCI) to visualize and quantify the level of inequality in dental
care utilization by income. Regression-based decomposition was also applied to understand
the causes of inequality.
Results: About 59.2% (95% CI 54.4%–63.7%) and 14.7% (95% CI 11.6%–18.4%) of
participants had visited a dentist for dental treatment in the previous 12 months and for
6-month dental checkups, respectively. The RCI for the probability of visiting a dentist in the
last 12 months was 0.243 (95% CI 0.140–0.346). This suggests that dental care utilization
was more concentrated among the rich. The RCI for unmet dental care needs was negative,
which indicates more prevalence among the poor. Monthly household income (20.9%), selfrated
oral health (6.9%), regular brushing (3.2%), and dental health insurance (2.5%) were
the main factors in socioeconomic inequality in dental care utilization.
Conclusion: This study reveals that dental care–service utilization did not match the need
for dental care, due to differences in socioeconomic status in Ardabil, Iran. Policies could be
implemented to increase the coverage of dental care services among socioeconomically
disadvantaged groups to tackle socioeconomic-related inequality in dental care utilization
Optimising the basic violet 16 adsorption from aqueous solutions by magnetic graphene oxide using the response surface model based on the Box–Behnken design
No full textThe coloured wastewater from the textile industries may show toxic or carcinogenic effects on the organism, when discharged into the rivers and lakes, which are changing their biological life. Therefore, in this study, the removal of basic violet 16 was investigated by a magnetite graphene oxide nanocomposites (Fe3O4@GO) optimising by the response surface methodology based on Box–Behnken method. Fe3O4@GO nanocomposite was prepared by a facile in situ co-precipitation method, resulting in a suitable composite for the adsorption of dye. The structure and morphology of the Fe3O4@GO adsorbent were investigated using XRD, FT-IR, SEM, BET and VSM techniques. Base on the SEM images, the Fe3O4 NPs were distributed between the GO sheets and empty spaces with visible large pores between GO sheets. Also, the results of the FT-IR analysis showed that the dominant group was carboxyl group. The various parameters were evaluated in the process such as pH, reaction time, adsorbent dose and initial concentration of dye. The proposed model (quadratic) was approved with a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.98) and (R2 adj = 0.97). Desirable removal of dye (efficiency: 95.03%.) was obtained under following conditions: the dye concentration of 62.5 mg L−1, the absorbance of 0.2 g L−1, the reaction time of 60 min and solution pH of 7.5. The results of isotherms and kinetics adsorption study showed that the adsorption process follows the Langmuir isotherm (R2: 0.98) and the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2: 0.99) models. The present study showed that the Fe3O4 @GO adsorbent has a high efficiency in the removal of violet 16. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
Diversity of Toll-like Receptor Genes and Helicobacter Pylori Infections: A Meta-Analysis Study
Get PDFBackground and Aims: Several studies have shown that host genetic factors can be associated with the risk of developing Helicobacter pylori infections. Therefore, we evaluated the most prevalent toll-like receptors (TLRs) polymorphisms in Helicobacter pylori positive subjects and their possible role in susceptibility to Helicobacter pylori infections.
Materials and Methods: Using related keywords, an independent search in the electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and ISI web of knowledge was performed to collect studies evaluating, until January 15, 2019, polymorphisms in the TLR 1 to 13 genes and their association with susceptibility to Helicobacter pylori infection. A total of 18 articles met our inclusion criteria and thus were included in the meta-analysis.
Results: In this meta-analysis, a significantly increased risk of Helicobacter pylori infection was observed in subjects carrying TLR2 rs3804099 (TT vs. CC: odds ratio = 2.209, 95% CI: 1.283-3.804), TLR4 rs4986790 (A allele vs. G allele: odds ratio = 2.987, 95% CI: 1.899-4.697), TLR4 rs4986791 (C allele vs. T allele: odds ratio = 5.469, 95% CI: 13.432-8.713), TLR4 rs4986791 (CC vs. TT: odds ratio = 7.974, 95% CI: 2.682-23.706), TLR4 rs10759932 (TT vs. CC: odds ratio = 3.180, 95% CI: 1.022-9.890), TLR4 rs1927914 (C allele vs. T allele: odds ratio = 8.831, 95% CI: 4.222-18.470), and TLR9 rs352140 (CC vs. CT: odds ratio = 1.878, 95% CI: 1.071-3.290) polymorphisms.
Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicated that TLR2 rs3804099, TLR4 rs4986790, TLR4 rs4986791, TLR4 rs10759932, TLR4 rs1927914 and TLR9 rs352140 polymorphisms are associated with increased susceptibility to Helicobacter pylori infections