Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Evaluation of antioxidant effect of Levisticum officinale extracts
Full text linkIntroduction: Plant extract and antioxidant compounds of plants have a critical role in health providing, so that they can play an important role in maintaining health and preventing cardiovascular disease, cancer, etc. The studies conducted by researchers and pre-established pilots indicate that there are potential antioxidant compounds in the Levisticum officinale, which in this thesis we aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effects of various extracts of L.officinale and the fractions obtained from of them.
Materials and methods: In this study, first ethyl- acetate extract of the root, was selected as the main sample for fraction prepration. Then, in order to prepare different fractions based on polarity several solvent systems were used. To obtain IC50, four concentrations of samples were tested. Then, the concentration curve was plotted against the percentage of free radical scavenging, and from the line equation, the concentration that causes 50% of free radical scavenging was obtained.
Discussion and conclusion: In this study, the fraction of 50% n-hexane- 50% ethyl acetate of the root of L.officinale showed acceptable antioxidant properties, therefore, this extract and the resulting fraction can be used to produce topical and dietary supplements with antioxidant properties to prevent and treat systemic diseases
Formulation and evaluation of topical liposomal doxepin for treatment of eczema
No full textObjective: The tricyclic antidepressant drug, Doxepin, is a potent H1 and H2 receptor antagonist and also an antidepressant drug with significant antimuscarinic activity which is used for treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD). Conventional formulation of topical doxepin has comparable antihistaminic effects to oral doxepin; however, it is still highly absorbed systemically and causes side effects like blurred vision, dry mouth, and urinary retention. Therefore, a new liposomal formulation of doxepin was investigated to prolong the release of drug and decrease its absorption into the blood.
Methods: Doxepin liposomes of phosphatidylcholine, and cholesterol (w/w ratio 5:1) were prepared by a thin film hydration method and characterized for size, entrapment efficiency (EE%) and morphology.
Results: The particle size of prepared liposomes was 208.7±5.6 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of approximately 0.187. The EE% was 79±1.3%. To evaluate the permeation of doxepin through rat skin, an ex vivo study was performed over a 30h period using Franz diffusion cell. The results indicate that the accumulation of doxepin entrapped in the liposomal formulation in the skin was 6.3 times greater than the doxepin in plain cream. Ex vivo skin permeation studies also showed a significantly higher permeation of doxepin from conventional dosage form (1412±65.7 µg/cm2) than liposomal cream (338.6±17.2 µg/cm2).
Conclusion: These results provide evidence for the potential of liposomal based doxepin cream as an effective and easy to use formulation that may improve the treatment of chronic pruritus by accumulating doxepin in the skin rather than absorption to systemic circulation which may result in high side effect and low topical efficacy
Design of non-peptide potential anti-corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) molecules via apo and holo crystallographic structures of covid-19 protease
No full textSynthesis of chitosan scaffold with gold nano-particles and folate coating for cancer cells' drug delivery
No full textAbstract:
Nowadays, drug delivery to cancer cells has become one of the major concepts of non-invasive treatments. Therefore, various studies in this field are being conducted in developed countries. In this study, we synthesized a chitosan hydrogel substrate that has become a completely safe material in human studies today in combination with gold nanoparticles that provide photothermal therapy properties due to light radiation. Next, we labeled the substrate with the addition of folic acid to improve their ability to attach to cancer cells. Then the material was placed in freezer at -80 ° C for 3 hours and then placed in the freeze dryer for 3 days. Finally, FESEM and XRD tests were performed for this study to test whether the substance was synthesized. According to similar studies, chitosan along with gold nanoparticles is considered a completely safe compound and therefore there is no need to perform cell culture tests to evaluate the biocompatibility of the substance
Efficiency of activated carbon prepared from scrap tires magnetized by Fe3O4 nanoparticles: characterisation and its application for removal of reactive blue19 from aquatic solutions
No full textHuge quantities of different dyes are generated by various industries such as cosmetic, leather, printing and textile and food. This study aimed to generate and apply tire-derived activated carbon magnetised with the Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MAC) for the removal of reactive blue 19 (RB19) dye from aquatic solutions. FE-SEM, VSM, XRD, FTIR and BET analyses were used to determine MAC properties. Under optimal conditions of pH 3, the initial concentration of dye 100 mg/L, the composite dose 1 g/L and the reaction time of 45 min, the removal efficiency for RB19 was 93.22%. Isotherm findings illustrated that RB19 adsorption onto the MAC followed the Langmuir model. Moreover, the absorption kinetics is well interpreted by the pseudo-second-order model in low scrutinised concentrations. The SBET and total pure volume for the MAC were 421.11 m2 g−1 and 0.467 cm3 g−1. Under the optimum conditions, maximum adsorption capacity of the MAC in Langmuir model enhanced to the amount of 119.05 mg/g. Also, the reusability (with NaOH) of the MAC revealed about 21% decreases in the removal efficiency within five consecutive runs. It is concluded that the application of the magnetised activated carbon due to its high efficiency in removing RB19 from laboratory and actual samples can be evaluated in future studies to be utilised in real scales
Autistic Feature as a Presentation of Inborn Errors of Metabolism
Full text linkAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a category of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by social and communication impairment and restricted or repetitive behaviors. The pathogenesis of ASD is not well understood and it’s proved that genetic is strongly associated with ASD in 5 to 25% of cases. Inborn errors of metabolism(IEMs), defined by a vast array of disorders that are caused by specific enzyme deficiencies or transport protein defects, is as frequent as in 1 in 800 births. IEMs can manifest several psychiatric or behavioral manifestations such as self-injuries- increased activity and aggression, personality changes, paranoia, depression, catatonia, and psychosis. IEMs underlie autistic symptoms in less than 5% of cases. The literature on the association between ASD and respiratory chain abnormalities is growing, including complex III/IV deficiency and MELAS( mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes) syndrome, as well as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Google Scholar, Pubmed, and SCOPUS databases were searched using a combination of the following keywords: “autism spectrum disorder”, “autism spectrum”, “autistic feature” and “inborn error of metabolism”, “ IEM”, “congenital error of metabolism”. Initially, 655 articles were found and our expert and methodologist altogether selected 187 articles based on the titles, relevance, and text language. After reading full texts, 37 studies were selected for review. Conclusion We think it’s best to consider IEMs in children with syndromic ASD and/or if there is a strong familial history of autism or parental consanguineous marriage
Investigation the Efficiency of Activated Carbon Coated with ZnO Nanoparticles Prepared by Green Synthesis Method in Removing Humic Acid from Aqueous Solutions: Kinetics and Isotherm Study
Full text linkBackground & objective: The presence of natural organic matter in water sources creates various problems, especially in common water treatment process. These compounds cause unfavorable taste and odor in water and are among the most important precursors of water disinfection by-products. This study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of activated carbon (AC) and activated carbon modified with ZnO nanoparticles (AC-ZnO) in removal of humic acid (HA) from aqueous solutions.
Methods: In the present experimental study, the removal of HA with AC or AC-ZnO was discontinuously studied as a function of pH, contact time, HA concentration, and absorbent dose. The structure of absorbents and their morphology were investigated by FTIR, SEM, XRD and pHpzc techniques. The HA was measured using spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 245 nm. Absorption isotherm was determined by using Langmuir and Froundlich models and absorption kinetics by pseudo-first and pseudo second-order models.
Results: The efficiency of removing HA had a direct relationship with absorbent dose and inverse relationship with pH and HA concentrations. The optimal removal rate of HA for 1.6 g/L dose of AC or AC-ZnO were reached to 82.44 % and 96/26%, respectively, in HA concentration of 50 mg/L and contact time of 40 minutes
Conclusion: The removal rate was considerably higher for AC-ZnO than AC, which indicates the effective role of nanoparticulate stabilization on activated carbon. As a result, the method of nanoparticulate stabilization on activated carbon can provide an effective and very efficient adsorbent and appropriate alternative to remove humic acid from aqueous media
Molecular Identification of G6PD Chatham (1003 G>A) in North-West Iran
No full textBackground: Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is one of the most common human diseases with approximately 400 million people affected worldwide. G6PD Chatham is caused by 1003 G>A mutation leads to a severe enzymatic deficiency. The aim of the present study is to investigate the frequency rate of the Chatham mutations in the population of the North-West of Iran.
Methodology: In this study, by Rapid Genomic DNA Extraction (RGDE) method, from 90 peripheral blood samples of unrelated male and female patients with genetic deficiency of G6PD, DNA was extracted and after digestion by Bstx1 enzymes, in order to search for Chatham mutation, they were analyzed by means of PCR-RFLP and sequencing methods.
Results: According to the results, Chatham mutation was observed in 10 samples (11.11%).
Conclusion: This study showed that G6PD Chatham (1003 G>A) mutation is the second common mutation, after Mediterranean (563C>T), in the population of the North-West of Iran. Further studies are recommended to identify the mutation type of other varieties
Prevalence of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Campylobacter Species in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Full text linkBackground. Campylobacter species are one of the main causes of bacterial food poisoning worldwide. Recently, WHO reported that the emergence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter species is becoming a public health issue around the world. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the prevalence of the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Campylobacter species, especially fluoroquinolone-resistant strains isolated from human and animal origins in Iran. Methods. Using related keywords and without date and language limitations, a comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar, and SID to identify relevant studies on the prevalence of the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Campylobacter species in Iran. Results. A total of 34 reports (9 in Persian and 25 in English) were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Disk diffusion, E-test, and agar dilution were common methods used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The antibiotic resistance profiles of Campylobacter species against fluoroquinolones were as follows: 53.6%, 41.8%, and 0% to ciprofloxacin for C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. lari, respectively, 24.3% and 25.1% to enrofloxacin for C. jejuni and C. coli, respectively, 59.6% and 49.2% to nalidixic acid for C. jejuni and C. coli, respectively, and 87.3% and 64.7% to ofloxacin for C. jejuni and C. coli, respectively. Conclusion. Our findings revealed a high prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter species in Iran. This calls for the use of more effective antibiotics with low resistance rates including aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, and imipenem
Evaluation of Colon Transit Time (CTT) Results in Patients with Chronic Resistant Constipation
Full text linkBackground: Determining colon transit time (CTT) is one of the simplest, reproducible, safe, inexpensive, reliable, patient-acceptable and fully applicable methods in the evaluation of patients with constipation. One of the most important benefits of CTT is that if it is normal, the patient can be assured that his bowel movements are normal, which leads to the patient's relaxation and in turn helps to improve his constipation. In addition, using this diagnostic method, various causes of constipation such as Colonic Inertia and Outlet dysfunction are diagnosed and with proper treatment of these patients, recovery is achieved as soon as possible.
Aim: To determine the results of Colon Transit Time (CTT) in patients with refractory chronic constipation.
Methods and material: In this study, 30 people who had constipation for at least three months and had defecation at most twice a week and did not respond to basic treatments including dietary fiber increase, physical activity, regular food intake, and basic defecation training were studied. 20 metal markers were given orally. Abdominal X-ray was performed on the 6th day and the number and speed of markers were considered. Patients also discontinued their anti-constipation medications. According to the CTT pattern, the causes of refractory chronic constipation were identified.
Results: A total of 30 patients with chronic constipation were included in the study, of which 13 (43.3%) were male and 17 (56.7%) were female. The mean age of patients was 45.4 years with a standard deviation of 15.92. The highest number of underlying diseases was related to blood pressure with 10 cases (33.3%).
19 patients (63.3%) had normal transit time colon despite chronic constipation. In terms of disorders; 5 patients (16.7%) had colon inertia, 3 patients (10%) had OUTLET OBSTRUCTION and 3 patients (10%) had HINDGUT DYSFUNCTION. There was no significant relationship between colon transit time outcomes and patients' gender (P <0.05). Also, there was no significant relationship between the results of colon transit time and age of patients (P <0.05).
Conclusion: In Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardabil, examination of transit time colon in patients showed that this finding is normal in most cases