Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Three Cases of Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy: Is It an Epidemic or Only Incidental
Get PDFAcute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood (ANEC) is a disease, characterized by a respiratory or gastrointestinal infection, accompanied with fever, rapid alteration of consciousness, and seizures. The clinical characteristics of ANEC include acute encephalopathy following a viral infection, seizure, altered consciousness, and absence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis, with an occasional increase in the level of proteins. This disease is almost exclusively seen in previously healthy infants and children from East Asia. Serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations have demonstrated symmetric lesions involving the thalami, brainstem, cerebellum, and white matter. ANEC has a poor prognosis with high morbidity and mortality rates. Herein, we present three cases of ANEC, who were referred to Bu-Ali Hospital of Ardabil, Iran during two weeks. Report of these three cases promoted the idea of an epidemic. The purpose of this case series was to raise the issue that ANEC may occur as an epidemic
Chrysin ameliorates aluminum phosphide‐induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial damages in rat cardiomyocytes and isolated mitochondria
No full textApart from the anticancer, antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory effects, and inhibition of aromatase, chrysin is involved in the protection of cardiovascular disorders. Cardiovascular complications are the main cause of death induced by aluminum phosphide (AlP) which is related to oxidative stress and mitochondrial damages. For this purpose, we investigated the effect of chrysin as an antioxidant and mitochondrial protective agent against AlP‐induced toxicity in isolated cardiomyocytes and mitochondria obtained from rat heart ventricular. Using by biochemical and flow cytometry, cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), lysosomal membrane integrity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) content were measured in isolated cardiomyocytes. Also, mitochondrial toxicity parameters such as mitochondrial NADH/succinate dehydrogenase activity, mitochondrial swelling, ROS formation, MMP collapse, and lipid peroxidation were analyzed in isolated mitochondria. Our results showed that the administration of chrysin (up to 10 μM) efficiently decreased (P < 0.05) cytotoxicity, oxidative, lysosomal, and mitochondrial damages induced by AlP, in isolated cardiomyocytes. Also, our finding in isolated mitochondria showed that chrysin (up to 10 μM) significantly (P < 0.05) decreased AlP‐induced mitochondrial toxicity. These findings demonstrated that chrysin as an antioxidant and mitochondrial protective agent exert protective effect in wild‐type cardiomyocyte treated with AlP. It was concluded that chrysin significantly reduced the toxicity of AlP in isolated cardiomyocytes and mitochondria. Due to the very low toxicity of chrysin for humans, it could be a promising agent in treatment of AlP poisoning
Assessment of the theoretical knowledge's level of restorative Department and dental student's viewpoint about effect of restorative practical course on their skills in Ardabil Faculty of Dentistry in 2019
Get PDFIntroduction: Assessing the achievement of educational goals is one of the main tasks of medical universities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the theoretical knowledge of dental students in the restorative department of Ardabil School of Dentistry and their viewpoint about effect of the restorative practical course on their skills in the second semester of 1397-98.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, the statistical population included all students of the School of Dentistry of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences during the years 1397-98 (77 people) who passed the theoretical and practical units of restoration in this faculty; As a census using a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of multiple-choice questions to assess students' theoretical knowledge and questions to be asked about pre-clinical and clinical courses using T-Test and ANOVA tests and was analyzed using SPSS 22 software.
Results: In general, the results of the present study showed that the level of theoretical knowledge and ability of students at the end of the training course of the Department of Restoration, School of Dentistry, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences was relatively favorable; And there was a significant difference in the level of theoretical knowledge of students at the end of the training course of the restorative group in terms of age and marital status (P 0.05). Also, the effect of the pre-clinical rehabilitation course on the students' ability was relatively unfavorable; However, the effect of the restorative clinic course on the students' ability was relatively favorable.
Conclusion: The present study showed that the realization of theoretical education goals in the restorative department of Ardabil Dental School is in a good condition
Effects of exposure to enriched environment during adolescence on passive avoidance memory, nociception, and prefrontal BDNF level in adult male and female rats
No full textPrevious studies demonstrated that an enriched environment (EE) exposure improves cognitive functions, synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, and induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in multiple brain regions of laboratory animal models. Also, studies on the sex-dependent effects of exposure to EE during adolescence on adult cognitive functions are less. Therefore, the present experiment was aimed to assess the effects of EE during adolescence on passive avoidance learning and memory, nociception, and prefrontal cortex (PFC) BDNF mRNA levels in the adult male and female rats. Our results indicated that housing in the EE during adolescence improves passive avoidance memory and increases nociceptive response against thermal stimulus in both sexes. Findings of our study also showed an increased BDNF level in the PFC of female animals. As a result, sex differences can affect the expression of BDNF mRNA in the PFC. Further research concerning the precise mechanisms underlying sex hormone-dependent production of BDNF in PFC is critical.
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Prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella serotypes in Iran: a meta-analysis
No full textThe present study was conducted to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of
Salmonella serotypes, especially fluoroquinolone-resistant strains, recovered from clinical samples
in Iran. A full electronic search using related keywords was conducted in Persian and English
languages in ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and the Scientific
Information Database (SID) search engines to find papers published between 1983 and
1 July 2019. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 46 eligible articles were selected
for the final analysis out of the initial 13,186 studies retrieved. The pooled prevalence of
quinolone-resistant Salmonella serotypes in clinical specimens in Iran was 2.9% to ciprofloxacin
and 48.1% to nalidixic acid. Additional data on antibiotic resistance was as follows: 54.3% to
tetracycline, 50.6% to ceftizoxime, 50.2% to streptomycin, 37.9% to ampicillin, 36.5% to kanamycin,
33.5% to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 27.2% to chloramphenicol, 19.1% to cephalothin,
8.8% to ceftriaxone, 7.6% to cefotaxime, 7.4% to aztreonam, 7.2% to gentamicin, 7% to cefepime,
6.8% to ceftazidime, 5.8% to cefixime, 2.7% to imipenem and 2.2% to meropenem. Findings of
the present study showed a rising trend of resistance to the drugs of choice for the treatment of
Salmonella infections, i.e. ampicillin, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in Iran.
However, ciprofloxacin, third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems are still effective
antibiotics especially against multi-drug resistant strains in Iran
Experiences of Nurses within A Nurse-led Multidisciplinary Approach in Providing Care for Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer
No full textBackground: Diabetic foot ulcers require special attention due to their complex and chronic nature and special care and the Nurse-led approach has emerged in the current situation in response to the increasing need for health care as a way to treat chronic patients and provide them with ongoing care. Providing this specialized duty in nursing can be promoted and enhanced the professional independence of nurses and presents challenges. This study has been conducted to make an understanding of the nurses’ experiences about their participate in a Nurse-led multidisciplinary team to providing care for Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer.
Methods: This was a qualitative, phenomenologi cal research, carried out with the participation of 8 nurses of Shariaty hospital of Tehran. Data collection was done through in-depth and semi structured interview. Dieklemann method was used for data analysis.
Results: Two themes and four categories emerged during data analysis: Antecedents (Background and Nursing skills) and Manifestation of multidisciplinary function (From despair to tranquility, professional worthiness, promotion of self-confidence, preference of multidisciplinary Approach).
Conclusion: The findings of this study , which were the lived experiences of the participants, indicated that most of them had experienced positive effect of Nurse-led multidisciplinary team care, training and development, appropriate skill mix, quality and outcome of care. Therefore, despite working on an multidisciplinary team is complex and demanding, management attributions and communication strategies is well situated to meet the challenge
Removal of Humic Acid from Aqueous Media using Sono-Persulfate Process: Optimization and Modelling with Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
No full textThe most important effect of humic acid (HA) as a natural organic matter in water is the reaction with disinfectants and the generation of toxic and carcinogenic byproducts. The aim of this study was to investigate the applicability of the sono-persulfate process for the removal of HA from aqueous media by box-Behnken design (BBD) from response surface methodology (RSM). This study was experimental and was performed on a laboratory scale. The effect of important operational parameters such as solution pH, persulfate concentration and reaction time at three levels (+α, 0 and -α) was studied using a constant intensity of ultrasonic (US) waves of 37 kHz and the initial concentration of HA at 25 mg/L. Optimization and analysis of the results were performed by Design Expert 10 and the residual-HA was measured using a spectrophotometer. The results showed that the quadratic model was suitable for the data (Pvalue>0.0001) and the proposed model was confirmed with a high correlation coefficient ((R2= 0.9966) and (R2Adj= 0.9932)). Under the optimal conditions for the process (pH= 3, optimal persulfate concentration of 0.514 mg/L and reaction time of 39.29 min), the observed removal efficiency was 87.59%. The synergetic degradation of the sono-persulfate process and COD removal in optimal conditions was 42.63% and 81.2%, respectively. According to the results, the sono-persulfate process was found to be an appropriate process in the degradation of HA, and the BBD was approved as a suitable tool for optimizing the process conditions in the removal of HA
Correlations Between Serum Decoy Receptor 3 and Airflow Limitation and Quality of Life in Male Patients with Stable Stage and Acute Exacerbation of COPD
No full textPurpose Serum decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) level increases in chronic inflammatory diseases. The present study aimed to examine serum DcR3 and IL-6 levels in male patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and acute exacerbation of the disease and correlations between these markers and airflow limitation.
Methods We measured serum DcR3 and IL-6 levels in 60 COPD patients [30 stable COPD (SCOPD), and 30 acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD)], and 30 control subjects and assessed their correlations with airflow limitation according to the COPD stage indicated by the global initiative for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (GOLD) criteria, peripheral O2
saturation (SpO2), and COPD assessment test (CAT) score. We also tested associations between serum DcR3 levels and COPD patients’ clinical parameters.
Results Both serum DcR3 and IL-6 levels increased with increasing severity of airflow limitation in SCOPD and AECOPD groups (P < 0.01 to 0.001). These markers also increased in patients with AECOPD compared with subjects in SCOPD group in GOLD stages III–IV (P < 0.05 to 0.001). In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between serum DcR3 level and IL-6, CAT score and smoking history (per year).
Conclusion The study revealed that serum DcR3 level elevated with increasing severity of airflow limitation in male COPD patients, particularly in acute exacerbation phase. This increase was associated with a reduced quality of life and increased severity of hypoxia. These results suggest that DcR3 may be associated with the underlying pathophysiology of COPD in male patients
A Survey of Iranian Primiparous Women’s Perceptions of Vaginal Examination During Labor
Get PDFObjective: To assess perceptions about vaginal examinations (VEs) during labor among women referred to the Akbarabadi Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from December 2015 to May 2016. It included 200 primiparous women. Convenience sampling was used to select participants. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that collected both demographic and obstetric data from participants, as well as data in relation to women’s experiences according to a designated and validated scale, 24 hours after childbirth. Higher scores were indicative of a more positive perception in relation to a participant’s experience of VE. Results: The mean ± SD score for the perception of the VE and number of examinations in the active phase of labor was 62.9 ± 26.2 and 7.4 ± 2.44, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed a significant relationship between perceived duration of examination (short, average [B = −1.03], long [B = 3.84]), feeling of comfort with the examiner (B = 2.73), and number of examiners (B = −0.81) with the mean scores of their perceptions (P < .05). These 3 variables accounted for 8% of the changes in the women’s perceptions score of VE. Conclusion: The majority of participants in this study underwent excessive VEs during labor. If obstetrically safe, a reduction in the number of examinations during labor along with decreased duration based on women’s perceptions could improve women’s perceptions of VE overall. Additionally, should each VE be performed by the same clinician, women’s perceptions in relation to VEs may also improve.
Keywords perception, experience, labor, vaginal examinatio
In vitro comparison of anti-microbial propolis toothpaste and fluoride toothpaste on streptococcus mutans
Get PDFIntroduction: Tooth decay is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world. This infectious disease is caused by bacterial colonization at the tooth surface which by carbohydrate metabolism produces acid and demineralization and caries cavity at the tooth surface. prevention is the most important and effective way to cope with any illness, including tooth decay, it is possible to reduce the costs of treatment. There has been a lot of interest in tooth decay for the past 50 years. Propolis is one of the bee products which has anti-bacterial properties and It also has the potential to inhibit a variety of species of microorganisms . It is used commercially as toothpaste, mouthwash and ... The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of toothpastes containing propolis compared with fluoride toothpaste on S. mutans .
Material and methods : In this in vitro study, the antibacterial effects of twotooth pastes , namely propolis toothpaste and fluoride toothpaste , were evaluated against S. mutans.The disc diffusion method was used for testing the bacterial sensitivity. The data were analyzed using the two independent sampleT test.
Result: There is a significant difference between the mean diameter of the inhibition zone in colgate propolis toothpaste and colgate fluoride toothpaste (P ≤ 0.05). The mean diameter of inhibition zone around the propolis toothpaste was significantly higher than fluoride toothpaste.
Conclusion: As the findings indicated, The propolis toothpaste represents the growth.
inhibitory of Streptococcus mutans more than fluoride toothpaste