Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
ArUMS Digital Repository (سامانه اطلاعات زیست پزشکی و سلامت)Not a member yet
7752 research outputs found
Sort by
Cannabinoids as anti-ROS in aged pancreatic islet cells
No full textAims: Cannabinoids are the chemical compounds with a high affinity for cannabinoid receptors affecting the central nervous system through the release of neurotransmitters. However, the current knowledge related to the role of such compounds in the regulation of cellular aging is limited. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol on the function of aged pancreatic islets. Main methods: The expression of p53, p38, p21, p16, and Glut2 genes and β-galactosidase activity were measured as hallmarks of cell aging applying real-time PCR, ELISA, and immunocytochemistry techniques. Pdx1 protein expression, insulin release, and oxidative stress markers were compared between young and aged rat pancreatic islet cells. Key findings: Upon the treatment of aged pancreatic islets cells with cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol, the expression of p53, p38, p21 and the activity of β-galactosidase were reduced. Cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol increase insulin release, Pdx1, Glut2, and thiol molecules expression, while the oxidative stress parameters were decreased. The enhanced expression of Pdx1 and insulin release in aged pancreatic islet cells reflects the extension of cell healthy aging due to the significant reduction of ROS. Significance: This study provides evidence for the involvement of cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol in the oxidation process of cellular aging
Investigation of contamination rate of fleas feeding from dogs infected with visceral leishmaniasis in endemic foci of Kala-azar in Ardabil Province
Get PDFBackground: Leishmaniasis is a protozoan disease caused by different species of leishmania and causes a wide range of symptoms. The disease exists in more than 100 countries and Iran is one of the countries where cutaneous leishmaniasis is common. Also visceral leishmaniasis is endemic in the northwest and south of Iran, including the endemic center of Meshkinshahr region in Ardabil province. Visceral leishmaniasis in the Mediterranean region, including Iran, is caused by Leishmania infantum. Dogs are the main reservoirs of Leishmania infantum, and the main source of infection for sandfly as its vector. Recent studies have shown that leishmania shagasi can infect arthropods such as fleas and ticks, but the possibility of transmitting the parasite is still being studied.
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the contamination rate of fleas feeding from dogs infected with visceral leishmaniasis in endemic region of Kala-azar in Ardabil province.
Material & Methods: For this study, 100 fleas were isolated from endemic areas of Meshginshahr among dogs infected with visceral leishmaniasis, which had clinical symptoms and their DAT and 39rK tests were positive, and were tested microscopically and PCR-RFLP.
Results: The amastigote forms of leishmainia were seen in three of 100 fleas smear tested by parasitological method. PCR-RFLP results also showed 25 fleas were positive for Leishmania infantum.
Conclusion: The infection rate to leishmania among fleas feeding from dogs infected with visceral leishmaniasion is considerable
Prevalence and molecular characterization of alpha-thalassemia among newborns in Ardabil Province
Get PDFBackground and objective: Alpha-thalassemia is one of the most recessively congenital hemoglobin disorders in the world, and is characterized by decreased or absence of alpha globin chains production. Although it has been suggested that the frequency of alpha-thalassemia in Iran is greater than worldwide, its exact rate is unknown. Due to lack of more studies on this topic in this area, the aim of the present study was to determine prevalence and molecular characterization of alpha-thalassemia among newborns in Ardabil Province.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, one thousand newborns were referred for screening of alpha thalassemia at a pediatric unit in Ardabil province between April 2016 and March 2018. Cases with Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) <100 fL and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) < 33 pg were referred for serum Ferritin measurement, Hb electrophoresis and then genetic analysis. Collected data were analyzed by statistical methods such as number, percent and Mean±SD in SPSS version 21.
Results: The prevalence of α-thalassemia in studied newborns was 3.3% in Ardabil province. The most common mutation was the 3.7 single gene deletions that were found in 42.4% (14 cases) of newborns with α-Thalassemia.
Conclusions: Results showed that, the prevalence of α-thalassemia in Ardabil province was lower than the average rate for the country and the most common mutation was –α3.7/αα, which was similar to other places in Iran
Comparison of gabapentin and hydroxyzine in the treatment of pruritus in patients on dialysis
No full textBackground
Pruritus is one of the most common problems in patients with chronic renal failure. Of all patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD), 60–80% report pruritus during their life.
Aim
To compare the effect of gabapentin (GBP) and hydroxyzine (HYDZ) in treating pruritus in patients on dialysis.
Methods
In a double‐blind, randomized, crossover clinical trial, 32 patients on dialysis who reported pruritus were assigned randomly to receive either GBP or HYDZ for 6 weeks; the first group received GBP 100 mg/day orally and the second group received HYDZ 25 mg/day orally for 6 weeks. After this 6‐week period (Period 1) there was a washout period of 2 weeks then patients were crossed over to the other drug (the first group receiving HYDZ and second group receiving GBP) and followed up for a further 6 weeks (Period 2). A visual analogue scale was used to measure pruritus intensity in the groups before and after the first and second period.
Results
In Period 1, pruritus severity decreased from 7.1 ± 1.46 at baseline to 2.17 ± 1.82 at 6 weeks in the GBP group (P = 0.001) and from 6.83 ± 2.11 to 2.86 ± 1.67 in the HYDZ group (P = 0.001). In Period 2, pruritus severity decreased from 5.1 ± 1.61 at baseline to 1.56 ± 0.82 at 6 weeks in the GBP group (P < 0.01) and from 5.23 ± 2.11 to 2.1 ± 1.87 in the HYDZ group (P = 0.001).
Conclusion
Results showed that both HYDZ and GBP significantly improved and controlled pruritus in patients on dialysis, with no significant difference observed between the two drugs
Comparison of postoperative complications of pre-anal abscesses in patients who have undergonepenrose drain after drainage with perianal abscesses without drain in patients referred to Fatemi Hospital
Get PDFBackground:Most purulent diseases of the anrectal are caused by infections of the anal glands (cryptococcal infection). These glands are located on the plate between the sphincters, and their ducts are emptied into the anal crypts after passing through the internal sphincter at the level of the dental line. Infection of the anal glands leads to the formation of abscesses. Perianal abscess treatment involves surgical drainage, which in about half of the cases causes fistulas and postoperative pain.
Aim: Due to the relatively high prevalence of the complication, the cost of controlling the side effects of these patients on the health system was decided to conduct a study to investigate the embedding of the drain in reducing postoperative complications in the analysis of pre-anal abscesses..
Material and Methods:This study is a cohort study. The statistical population of 80 patients who underwent abscess drainage and 40 patients who managed by penrose drain were compared with 40 patients who managed bypacking and without drain.Basic information such as age, sex was obtained from patients at the beginning of the study, and postoperative pain, postoperative discharge, and fistula evidence were assessed after about 3 months.
Results:Out of a total of 80 patients, 78.8% were men and 21.2% were women. In terms of age, 5% were under 20 years old, 21.2% were between 20 and 30 years old, and 16.3% were between 30 and 40 years old, and 23.8% were between 40 and 50 years old. 50 to 60 years and 12.5 percent were over 60 years. Postoperative pain was severe in 1.2% of people after 3 months and recurred. 5% had moderate pain, 28.8% had mild pain, and 65% had no pain. 30% had fistula after 3 months. The study showed a significant difference between the group with the penrose drain and the group without the drain. Postoperative pain was so severe that the pain in the group with drains was much lower (P = 0.008).There was also a significant difference in post-operative fistula formation between the group with the drain and the group without the drain, so that the fistula in the group with the drain was much smaller (P = 0.007). This study showed that in terms of fistula occurrence between sexes There is no significant difference between men and women and different age groups. The study also showed that there was no significant difference between post-operative sex between men and women and different age groups. There were no reports of recurrences with drains, which was not statistically significant..
Conclusion:The results showed that post-drainage penrosedrain of perianal abscesses significantly reduced the incidence of perianal fistula and reduced postoperative pain
Coexisting Diseases in Patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever
Get PDFBackground and Aims: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a prototype of autoin-flammatory disease and mainly associated with MEFV gene mutations. This single-center study as an experience represents FMF-coexisting disease in the FMF registration database. Methods: Four hundred patients who had FMF based on clinical criteria (Tel-Hashomer) and/or MEFV mutations enrolled the study. Twelve most common MEFV mutations (P369S, F479L, M680I (G/C), M680I (G/A), I692del, M694V, M694I, K695R, V726A, A744S, R761H, E148Q) were analyzed if needed by the reverse hybridization assay. Any co-existed disease had been confirmed by a related subspecialist. All data were analyzed by a simple analytical method. Results: Fifty-seven (14%) patients had associated disease, 32 patients were male and 24 patients were under 10 years old. They included 92 MEFV variant alleles and only in five patients there were not any mutations. The most common variant alleles were M694V (36%), E148Q (22%), V726A (17%), M680I (1%) and M694I (0.07%) respectively. Rheumatologic disorders were the most common coexisting disease, then followed by gastrointestinal and neurological disorders. Some rare diseases such as TTP, growth hormone deficiency, multiple sclerosis, idiopathic ascites, Leiden factor V deficiency and Felty syndrome have been detected. Homozygote mutations of (M694V-M694V) were associated with idiopathic ascites, orchitis and pericarditis. Conclusion: Coexisting disease in patients with FMF is presented with positive MEFV gene mutations particularly with these five common variant alleles: M694V, E148Q, V726A, M680I, and M694I. The commonly associated diseases are rheumatologic, gastrointestinal and CNS disorders. © 2020 Salehzadeh and Enteshari Moghaddam
Quality of life of patients with MS in Ardabil province and the factors affecting it
Get PDFBackground and Objective: MS is a chronic and progressive disease of the central nervous system that is characterized by chronic inflammation, myelin destruction of nerve cells by the immune system and the formation of plaques in the neural pathway. The disease usually occurs in the form of relapses, primary progression, secondary progression and progressive exacerbation, the most common form of which is recurrence.
There are currently an estimated 700 patients. Registered in Ardabil province indicates) on the quality of life of patients can be programs to identify people at risk of reduced quality of life and the necessary interventions to increase their quality of life, so we decided to study the quality of life of patients With MS and the factors affecting it.
Methods:. This study will be performed as a cross-sectional study. The minimum sample required was 200 patients and sampling was among the patients who came to my clinic between January and June 2017. A referral to Alavi Hospital was made available
Results: In this study, 200 MS patients were included in the study. The mean age of the samples was 37.1 years with a standard deviation of 8.3 years. The minimum age was 18 and the maximum age was 62 years. The patients were 129 women (64.5%) and 71 patients (35.5%) were men. Statistical analyzes showed that the complications of MS and patients' quality of life were not related to gender and the quality of life of both sexes was affected. General health with 55.98±25.99, Physical Health with 55.77±30.57, role emotional with 23.95 ± 58.78, mental health with 23.45 ± 63.26, social relations with 30.34 ± 62.93, physical limitation with 36.63 ± 62.32, vitality with 37.16. ± 71.16 and pain 26.57. ± 61.76.
Conclusion:. Except for the parameters of social, physical and mental relationships, in other cases, age had a significant inverse relationship with the combined domain of physical health. There was no significant relationship between gender and monthly income with quality of life
Selenium and L-carnitine protects from valproic acid-Induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial damages in rat cortical neurons
No full textOxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction have been associated with valproic acid (VPA) induced neurotoxicity. Mitochondria are vulnerable to oxidative damage and are also a major source of superoxide free radicals. Therefore, the need for mitochondrial protective and antioxidant agents for reducing valporic acid toxicity in central nerve system (CNS) is essential. In the present study, we investigated the potential beneficial effects of sodium selenite (SS) and L-carnitine (LC) against valproic acid -induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in isolated rat cortical neurons. Valproic acid (50, 100 and 200 µM) treatment caused a significant decrease in cellular viability, which was accompanied by increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, GSSG and GSH content, lipid peroxidation and lysosomal and mitochondrial damages. Sodium selenite (1 µM) and L-carnitine (1 mM) pretreatment attenuated valproic acid-induced decrease in cell viability. In addition, sodium selenite (1 µM) and L-carnitine (1 mM) pretreatment significantly protected against valproic acid-induced raise in oxidative stress, mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction, lipid peroxidation levels and depletion of GSH content. Our results in the current study provided insights into the protective mechanism by L-carnitine and sodium selenite, which is liked, to neuronal ROS generation and mitochondrial and lysosomal damages
The Effects of Implementing an Occupational Health and Safety Management System on Functional Indices: A Five-year Study in Casting Industry
Get PDFIntroduction: Assessment of the performance of management systems is one of the main concerns of managers. The measure of success of an occupational health and safety management system is the ex-tent of its effectiveness. The effects of implementing an OHSMS on health and safety perfor-mance indices in a casting site located in Iran between 2015 and 2019 were examined. Methods: A retrospective descriptive-analytical study was conducted over five years on 21 depart-ments of a casting site. All the functional indices one year before the implementation of OHSAS 18001:2007 in 2015 until a year after the implementation (2019) were monitored and the data were analyzed using SPSS (v.19). Results: There was a significant decrease in occupational accidents after the implementation of OHSAS 18001:2007. Mechanical and ergonomic factors demonstrated significant improvements. There were improvements in the indices of opening health files for the personnel, personal protective equipment, education, instructions, legal requirements, commitment, and leadership. There was no significant change in chemical and physical factors. Conclusion: Implementation of the occupational health and safety manage-ment system was effective in the indices that needed managerial control with no or low expenses. However, it was not effective in indices in engineering and technical areas that needed more expenses
The Study of Treatment Outcomes by Peritoneal Dialysis in Patients with Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning (Rice Tablet)
No full textBackground: Aluminum phosphide, known in Iran as the "Rice Tablet", is used as one of the most dangerous pesticides for storing rice and other grains in warehouses and during transportation. In the last 35 years, many cases of high-mortality poisoning have been reported by contact with aluminum, zinc, and calcium phosphides. Severe drop in blood pressure and heart poisoning are the most serious complications of this poisoning, with a high mortality rate. Aim: Because the use of pesticides such as rice tablets has become commonplace in recent years and the number of people infected with the tablet has increased in medical centers, information on the effectiveness of peritoneal dialysis as a treatment for patients with rice tablet poisoning has been reported. We decided to study the effect of peritoneal dialysis in these patients.
Matherials and Methods: In this study, 27 cases of patients poisoned with aluminum phosphide were investigated. Information on age, sex, the amount of tablets taken, clinical signs and early tests such as vital signs, gastrointestinal, respiratory, neurological and final status of the poisoned were extracted from their files and processed by SPSS software. For each step, in addition to calculating the mean and standard deviation, the T-test was used to compare the means, and in all stages, the probability of error less than 5% is considered significant.
Results: In the study we performed, there was no significant difference between temperature and respiration rates during admission and clearance, and in PH, PCO2, bicarbonate, open base, blood pressure and electrolytes (K +, Na +) There was a significant relationship between acceptance and discharge. Also, the frequency of male poisoning is higher than that of women and the highest frequency of poisoning is related to the age range of 21-30 years.
Conclusion: Peritoneal dialysis with improved acidosis and hypothetical elimination of toxins may lead to the restoration of various organ functions. There are few theories about how PD is effective in treating severe metabolic acidosis. PD can be used as the main treatment along with conservative and common treatments for aluminum phosphide poisoning in the treatment of severe metabolic acidosis