Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Descriptive characteristics of hospitalized adult smokers and never-smokers with COVID-19
Get PDFA meta-analysis done by Guo1 that was published in Tobacco Induced Diseases, reported a pooled odds ratio of 2.20, concluding that active smoking is significantly associated with the risk of severe COVID-19. Another current meta-analysis reported greater odds of COVID-19 progression among smokers compared to never smokers2. Most of the studies in these meta-analyses were from China and focused only on cigarette smoking1,2. Here, we describe characteristics of tobacco use among 193 confirmed COVID-19 patients who were interviewed during their hospitalization from 15 March to 15 April 2020, in the Imam-Khomeini Hospital of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences (ArUMS) in Iran. The protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences (Approval ID: IR.ARUMS.REC.1399.044) and verbal informed consent was obtained from the patients
An Investigation of the Patient Safety Culture: The Beginning for Quality and Safety Improvement Plans in Patient Care Services
Get PDFBackground & objectives: Medical errors are one of the five most common causes of death. Patient safety is an important issue in healthcare systems, and the existence of a strong patient safety culture in hospitals influences safety-related behaviors and reduces medical errors. The present study aimed to evaluate patient safety culture in Ardabil hospitals and investigate the attitude of employees towards their own performance compared to their colleagues in the field of patient safety culture.
Methods: The data of this cross-sectional study were collected from 420 staff of four hospitals of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences by HSOPSC questionnaire and a researcher-made questionnaire for staff opinions on their own practice in the field of patient safety culture. One-way Anova and T-tests were used to determine the statistical relationship between staff demographics and dimensions of patient safety culture. SPSS24 software was used for analysis.
Results: The overall mean percentage of positive response to the dimensions of patient safety culture was 57.71% and was in the middle range. The highest percentage of positive responses was related to the dimensions of " Feedback & Communication About Error" (86.82%) and " Teamwork Within Units" (86.64%). The lowest percentage of positive response was related to the dimensions of " Frequency of Events Reported" (24.83%) and " Non-punitive Response to Errors" (27.93%). investigating the attitude of employees towards their own performance compared to their colleagues shows that in most dimensions, employees perceive their performance better than their colleagues.
Conclusions: The status of patient safety culture in the studied hospitals needs to be improved. The error reporting by staff is also very low. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the number of staff, especially nurses in proportion to the number of patients and the workload, to reduce staff working hours, adopt policies of safety and non-punitive culture, support staff and implement effective training programs in hospitals
New 1,2,3‐triazole–(thio)barbituric acid hybrids as urease inhibitors: Design, synthesis, in vitro urease inhibition, docking study, and molecular dynamic simulation
No full textA new series of 1,2,3‐triazole–(thio)barbituric acid hybrids 8a–n was designed and
synthesized on the basis of potent pharmacophores with urease inhibitory activity.
Therefore, these compounds were evaluated against Helicobacter pylori urease. The
obtained result demonstrated that all the synthesized compounds, 8a–n, were more
potent than the standard urease inhibitor, hydroxyurea. Moreover, among them,
compounds 8a, 8c–e, 8g,h, and 8k,l exhibited higher urease inhibitory activities than
the other standard inhibitor used: thiourea. Docking studies were performed with
the synthesized compounds. Furthermore, molecular dynamic simulation of the most
potent compounds, 8e and 8l, showed that these compounds interacted with the
conserved residues Cys592 and His593, which belong to the active site flap and are
essential for enzymatic activity. These interactions have two consequences: (a)
blocking the movement of a flap at the entrance of the active site channel and (b)
stabilizing the closed active site flap conformation, which significantly reduces the
catalytic activity of urease. Calculation of the physicochemical and topological
properties of the synthesized compounds 8a–n predicted that all these compounds
can be orally active. The ADME prediction of compounds 8a–n was also performed
The impact of bismuth adding to rabeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin on eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori
Get PDFBackground: High prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and induction of resistance as a result of consumption of antibiotics necessitates an ongoing effort for evaluation of new regimen to overcome this phenomenon. Intensive efforts are being made to identify such an optimal regimen, but there are many obstacles hindering the achievement of this goal. This study aimed to investigate the impact of adding bismuth to rabeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin on rate of H. pylori eradication.
Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 60 patients with dyspepsia and positive gastric biopsy for H. pylori in endoscopy were recruited. The first group (A) received rabiprazole for 6 weeks, amoxicillin and clarithromycin for 2 weeks either with bismuth for 2 weeks and the second group (B) received rabiprazole for 6 weeks, amoxicillin and clarithromycin for 2 weeks either without bismuth. Four weeks after the treatment, the compliance and eradication were evaluated using stool antigen of helicobacter. The patients who could complete the therapeutic regimen were assigned for analysis.
Results: H. pylori eradication rates were 70% and 56.6% in two groups A and B (with and without Bismuth), respectively and the difference was significant. There is a significant relationship between the studied groups and the results of fecal antigen of H. pylori.
Conclusions: The bismuth had a significant effect on the success of eradication rate of H. pylori and its impact adding to the treatment regimen containing clarithromycin was effective on eradication success rate
Evaluation of the logbook of the department of operative dentistry in Ardabil university of Medical Sciences from students’ perspective at 2019
Get PDFIntroduction: Changing the training pattern, providing students with a new insight, encouraging their participation in the field of self-education, and implementing the best methods in achieving these goals have been considered as essential objectives in all areas of dental training. Evaluation is considered as one of the most efficient methods of assessing the quality of education. There are several tools for evaluating the achievement of educational goals. One of these tools is logbook.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the logbook designed in the operative dentistry department from the students’ point of view.
Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 60 dental students included the study in the academic year of 2019. Information was collected through a researcher-made questionnaire in three sections: demographic data, logbook evaluation questions, and an open-ended question about suggestions. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by faculty members. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach´s alpha test with a coefficient of 0.8. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and analytical statistics.
Results: The mean overall evaluation score of Logbook was 28.98±5.77. 71.7% of students mentioned that the effect of logbook on their knowledge about the evaluation method was high and very high. Regarding the necessity of using logbook, 51.7% of students choose high and very high necessity. Using Pearson correlation test, there was a significant and positive relationship between the students’ final score of semester and their opinion about the Logbook evaluation. There was also a relationship between the logbook evaluation score and the experience of not using the logbook in the education period.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, in general, students' views on the use of logbook were moderate, and since logbook should meet the educational needs of all students, it is necessary to redesign its content
Recurrent synovitis of hip and MEFVgenerelated arthritis in children
No full textBackground
Recurrent and relapsing arthritis has been proposed to describe a group of arthritis with recurring and periodic nature, in which the joints are intermittently involved.
This study reports three non-FMF patients with heterozygous MEFV gene mutations and an extraordinary arthritis as a recurrent synovitis of hip (RSH).
Methods
During 16-years from 2003 to 2019 at pediatric rheumatologic clinic among 195 recorded files with chronic oligoarthritis, 3 patients with diagnosis of recurrent synovitis of hip (RSH) were reviewed thoroughly. Peripheral blood was collected from patients and the samples were screened for the 12 common MEFV gene pathogenic variants.
Results
This study included three patients, two female and one male with relapsing idiopathic arthritis that has been located on hip joints as a sole manifestation and pathologic findings of MEFV mutations as follow: A744S, V726A, and R761H.
Conclusion
On the basis of possible role of MEFV gene in different rheumatic disease, MEFV gene related arthritis may be considered as a background of RSH particularly in Mediterranean area
Evaluating the efficiency of TaqMan real-time PCR and serological methods in the detection of Brucella spp. in clinical specimens collected from suspected patients in Ardabil, Iran
No full textBackground
This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of the TaqMan real-time PCR and serological methods in detecting Brucella spp. in clinical specimens that have been collected from suspected patients in Ardabil, Iran.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, a total of 113 consecutive patients suspected of brucellosis who were referred to the three hospitals in Ardabil province were selected. In the first step, the diagnosis of brucellosis was performed by serological methods including the Rose Bengal slide agglutination test, Wright test, 2-ME test, and BrucellaCapt test. In the next step, TaqMan real-time PCR with primer and probe targeting the bcsp31 gene was used for the detection of Brucella spp. Specificity, sensitivity, and positive and negative predictive values of the TaqMan real-time PCR assay were calculated.
Results
Among 113 suspected patients with different clinical manifestations, the Rose Bengal slide agglutination test, Wright test, and 2-ME test were positive in 60 cases; however, the BrucellaCapt test titer was 1:160 for one patient. Six patients had high initial serum antibody titers; 2-ME titers of ≥1:640; STA titers of ≥1:1280; BrucellaCapt titers of ≥ 1:2560. Among positive cases, no correlation was observed among gender, age, and life (residence) in urban or rural areas. The TaqMan real-time PCR was positive in 35% of all 60 positive cases. The comparison of the results of the BrucellaCapt and TaqMan real-time PCR methods revealed that 19 out of 54 (35.2%) and 2 out of 6 (33.4%) BrucellaCapt positive cases with titers of >1:320 and ≤ 1:320 were positive, respectively. The sensitivities and specificities of the TaqMan real-time PCR assay were 49.1% and 100% respectively.
Conclusion
The sensitivity of the TaqMan real-time PCR assay was low in the diagnosis of brucellosis, while the BrucellaCapt test turned out to be a very valuable, sensitive, and specific test for the diagnosis of brucellosis in suspected patients and, thus, can provide reliable results in medical laboratories
The Effect of Dates and Fennel on Breast-Feeding Adequacy of Mothers: A Review
No full textAbstract
No systematic review study has been found comprehensively examining the effects of dates and fennel on breastfeeding adequacy of mothers. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of dates and fennel on breastfeeding adequacy of mothers.
Method
All clinical trials evaluating the effect of palm date and Fennel on brestfeeding in Lactating Mothers were searched on the online databases of Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science
Results
Five studies with a sample size of 512 subjects were included in this study. The results of the first research suggested the positive impact of consuming fennel herbal tea and dates in enhancing milk production by the mother within the early days following birth. In the second study, the mother satisfaction with adequacy of milk showed the positive effect of dates consumption. The results of the third research showed that 40% of mothers in the control group and 80% of mothers in the intervention group had a smoothness score regarding breastmilk. The higher smoothness percentage in the intervention group showed the positive impact of dates consumption on breastmilk. In the fourth study, a galactagogue drop containing fennel, Anise, dill, parsley, cumin, and fennel flower had no effect on the volume of breastmilk and weight development of the infant. The fifth the study showed the positive impact of the herbal tea of fenugreek seeds and fennel on improving the breast-feeding adequacy with positive changes in the anthropometric indicators, the number of wet diapers, the number of defecation, and increased number of breastmilk drinking.
Conclusion
usage of dates and fennel herbal tea by breast-feeding mothers is recommended for increasing the breastmilk.
Keywords
• Keywords: Breast-Feeding
• Dates
• Fennel
• Mothe
Apigenin attenuates Aluminum phosphide-induced cytotoxicity via reducingmitochondrial/Lysosomal damages and oxidative stress in ratCardiomyocytes
No full textApigenin, is a natural compound that found in high amounts in vegetables and fruits. This natural flavone has shown strong cardioprotective effects in animal and clinical studies. Due to cardioprotective effects of apigenin in previous studies, we hypothesized that apigenin protects isolated cardiomyocytes from aluminum phosphide(AlP)-induced toxicity as the most common disturbances after exposure with this agent. By using of biochemical and flowcytometry techniques; cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), lysosomal membrane integrity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxidized/reduced glutathione (GSH/GSSG) content were measured in rat heart isolated cardiomyocytes. Our results showed that the administration of apigenin (5–100 μM) efficiently decreased (P < .05) cytotoxicity, oxidative, lysosomal and mitochondrial damages induced by AlP (20 μg/ml) in isolated cardiomyocytes. Taken together, apigenin protected the cardiomyocytes against AlP toxicity via the protection of mitochondria and lysosome mediated by its antioxidant properties
Evaluation of frequency and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of permaturity infants refered to Alavi hospital from October, 2018 to October, 2019
No full textBackground and objective: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) which affects the retina of premature infants, is a leading cause of blindness in premature infants worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and Risk Factors of Retinopathy of permaturity infants refered to Alavi hospital from October, 2018 to October, 2019.
Methods: 400 infants with gestational age less than 34 weeks and or birth weight of 2000 g or less were enrolled in the study. Required information including sex, gestational age, maternal age, birth weight, type of delivery, oxygen therapy, septicemia, multiple gestations, family marriage, respiratory problem, and blood exchange were extracted from their hospital records and recorded in the data collection form. These infants were also examined for ROP and stage and area of involvement by an ophthalmologist and were classified into two groups: retinopathy and healthy group. Finally, the data were analyzed in SPSS software using chi-square, fisher exact test, t-test, binary logistic regression, and ROC curve analysis.
Results: Of the 400 preterm infants studied (57.2% male and 42.8% female), 107 (26.8%) infants had ROP of whom 23 (21.5%) needed treatment (i.e. 5.8% of all infants need treatment). There were 4 (3.7%), 29 (27.1%), and 74 (69.2%) infants with zone I, II, and III, repectively. There were 91 (85%), 11 (10.3%), and 5 (4.7%) infants with satge I, II, and III, repectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Parental consanguinity (OR=2.263, 95%CI: 1.240-4.130, P=0.008), gestational age less than 32.5 weeks (OR=4.067, 95%CI: 2.340-7.069, P<0.001), and birth weight less than 1725 g (OR=4.522, 95%CI: 2.677-7.637, P<0.001), were associated with a 2.3-fold, 4.1-fold, and 4.5-fold increased risk of ROP, repectively. ROP had no significant relationship with other variables.
Conclusion: In summary, the findings of the present study showed that one quarter of the premature infants had ROP; birth weight less than 1725 g, gestational age less than 32.5 weeks, and parental consanguinity were risk factors for ROP; and one-fifth of the infants with ROP needed treatment