Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Evaluation of Breastfeeding-related protective factors in Patients with Breast Cancer in Ardabil Province
Get PDFBackground and Objective:The incidence of breast cancer is lower among the populations of young women in their first pregnancy,Multiple pregnancies and prolonged breastfeeding.
Aim: The aim of this study was to Evaluation of breastfeeding-related protective factors in patients with breast cancer in Ardabil province.
Materials and Methods: Our study population was all women with breast cancer living in Ardabil province whome are referred to the surgery clinics of Imam Khomeini and Fatemi hospitals in Ardabil. To control the patients group referred to the same centers and not with breast cancer or other cancers Was related to female hormones. The relationship between breastfeeding variables and breast cancer was assessed using Chi-Square and T-tests.
Results: The total duration of breastfeeding in the case group was 37.6 months and in the control group was 45.8 months.
The average age of the mother in the first breastfeeding experience was 22.3 years in the case group and in the control group it was 21.2 years old. and Mother's own breastfeeding period in case and control group were 17.3 and 18.5 months.
Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between breastfeeding duration and breast cancer. There was a significant relationship between increasing the number of breastfed children and reducing the incidence of breast cancer There was a significant relationship between the number of children and the reduction in breast cancer Determining the outcome of breast cancer We used logistic regression in which none of the variables preceded It does not indicate breast cancer
The Relationship between Learning Style and Career decision-making self-efficacy of professional doctoral Students in Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
Get PDFBackground and Objectives: The career decision-making self-efficacy (CDSE) in medical, pharmacy and dental students is more important than other disciplines due to professional sensitivity, direct involvement in decision-making for the treatment process and significant clinical involvement. It is also expected that learning style has a significant impact on the academic success and the CDSE also affects the quality of clinical care. Therefore, in the present study, we will examine the relationship between the learning style and the career decision-making self-efficacy of professional doctoral Students.
Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 235 medical interns and 5th and 6th year dental students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. The research tools, including Kolb Learning Style Inventory and Betz and Luzzo career decision-making self-efficacy questionnaire. Statistical tests such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Spearman correlation coefficient, Chi-square test, One-way ANOVA used to analyze the data.
Results: The mean age of participants was 25.9 + 1.30, majority of them were dental students (134 person, 59.3%) and 92 were medical students (40.7%). The predominant learning styles in dental and medical students were assimilating (40.3%) and converging(47.8%), respectively. there was no significant relationship between students' learning styles and career decision-making self-efficacy and none of its subscales (p > 0.05). The results of Chi-square test showed a significant difference between the field of study and learning style (P=0.024).
Conclusion; this study showed that there was no significant relationship between learning style and career decision-making self-efficacy. As this was the first study to be conducted in this field, the results are not conclusively reliable and further studies are needed
Stabilization of Mitochondrial Function by Ellagic Acid Prevents Celecoxib-induced Toxicity in Rat Cardiomyocytes and Isolated Mitochondria
No full textThe possible action of polyphenolic compounds in the reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial toxicity may suggest them as putative agents for the treatment of drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiotoxicity. This study was designed to explore protective effect of ellagic acid (EA) against celecoxib-induced cellular and mitochondrial toxicity in cardiomyocytes and their isolated mitochondria. In order to do this, isolated cardiomyocytes and mitochondria were pretreated with 3 different concentrations of EA (10, 50 and 100 µM), after which celecoxib (16 µg/ml) was added to promote deleterious effects on cells and mitochondria. Using flow cytometry and biochemical methods, the parameters of cellular and mitochondrial toxicity were investigated. Our results showed that celecoxib (16 µg/ml) caused a significant decrease in cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), glutathione (GSH) in intact cardiomyocytes and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, MMP collapse, and mitochondrial swelling, and a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, lipid peroxidation (LP) and oxidative stress in isolated mitochondria. Also, our results revealed that co-administration of EA (50 and 100 µM) with celecoxib significantly attenuated the cellular and mitochondrial toxicity effects. In this study, we showed that simultaneous treatment with of EA ameliorated the cellular and mitochondrial toxicity induced by celecoxib, with cardiomyocytes presenting normal activity compared to the control group, and mitochondria retaining their normal activity
Comparison of shear bond strength of three bulk-fill composite on the Mineral Trioxide Aggregate
Get PDFIntroduction: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) show physical and biological properties that can be used effectively as preservation of pulp vitality and regenerative techniques. The bond strength between MTA and restorative materials has a great importance because MTA is often in direct contact with restorative materials. The aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strength of three types of bulk-fill composite resin to MTA.
Materials and Methods:Forty five acrylic blocks with central holes (5 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height) were prepared and divided into 3 groups (n = 15 each) according to the composites used. (Tetric N-Ceram bulk-fill composite resin, Filtek bulk-fill composite resin, Estelite bulk-fill flowable composite resin). The acrylic cavities was filled with ProRoot MTA After application of bonding material and proper composite resin samples, shear bond strength (SBS) was assessed using universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance. A p value of < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.
Result: Bond strength was significantly higher in samples of Tetric N-Ceram bulk-fill composite resin. (P< 0.05). But the difference between two other groups (P=0.99) was not significant.
Conclusion: Under the conditions of this study, ProRoot MTA and Tetric N-Ceram bulk-fill composite resin showed statistically higher bond strengths to other bulk-fill composite resin
Classification of cutaneous leishmaniasis patients based on its risk factors using latent class analysis
No full textCutaneous leishmaniasis is one of the main health-economic problems around the world. Data were collected from all patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis referred to the health centres of Kermanshah province between 2013 and 2019. Latent class analysis was conducted by PROC LCA in SAS 9.2 and a significant level was set at 0.05. Four latent classes were identified: low (33.8%), moderate (9.8%), high (22.4%) and very high risk (34.0%). The probability of having a travel history was high in the third class. Our study indicated that having history of an eschar has no role in the classification of patients. On the other hand, a positive smear test is important in classifying subjects. Our results indicate that more than half of all patients fell under high risk or very high-risk class. This emphasises the importance of planning preventive intervention by considering different risk factors of cutaneous leishmaniasis simultaneously
A Review of Tele-Nursing in Iran
No full textIntroduction: Electronic Health Record (EHR) is a lifelong electronic collection of information recorded or validated
by health care providers with the main objectives of improving the quality of care, providing a useful tool for
communication and information sharing. The staff of health centers' readiness is an essential factor in successfully
implementing the electronic health record. Among care providers, the role of nurses is vital and valuable. This study
aimed to review the factors affecting nurses' readiness to implement electronic health records.
Methods: In this narrative review study, using the internal database: Magiran, SID, Iranmedex and foreign: CINAHL,
ProQuest, Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar All articles published in Iran during 2010 By
2020, nurses' readiness to implement electronic health records were researched.
Results: The search results were access to 39 articles related to the subject, and finally, 13 completely related studies
were included in the research. Studies show that human resources' readiness is an influential factor in the successful
implementation of electronic health records divided into two categories of individual and organizational factors.
Nurses' understanding of the features and benefits of EHR plays an essential role in their readiness. Another
influential factor is nurses' computer skills, which are essential for working with electronic health records. In this
regard, several studies have examined the skills, knowledge, and attitudes of nurses and other health care providers
and found that inadequate and ineffective training of nurses causes stress, burnout, and feelings of inadequacy, so it
is recommended to hold practical training courses and they have retrained and involved nurses. Motivation through
reward and encouragement was a factor that was important from the nurses' point of view. Information security and
confidentiality in the EHR and people's participation in the design and implementation of the EHR are two factors
that have been reported as influential factors in some studies and ineffective in others.
Conclusion: Based on the results, nurses, as the largest healthcare providers, have an essential role in implementing
electronic health records. Therefore, identifying the factors affecting their readiness for this, including individual
factors, can increase nurses' understanding, awareness, and skills in EHR, motivation, and attitude change planning
in this regard. Also, in organizational factors, managers and health care policymakers, with their support and
providing the necessary infrastructure and equipment and holding appropriate programs, can play a facilitating role
Comparison of the Sedative Effect of Ketofol and The Combination of Midazolam-Ketamine in Upper GI Tract Endoscopy in 1-14 Years Childeren
No full textBackground & objectives: Endoscopy is an invasive and painful procedure. The use of sedatives, especially in children, is expanding. The aim of this study was to compare the sedative effects of ketofol and the combination of midazolam-ketamine in upper endoscopy in children aged 1 to 14 years who referred to Taleghani Hospital in Gorgan.
Methods: In this study, 55 children entered the study 1 to 14 years after obtaining parental consent. They were then divided into two groups, ketamine-propofol (KP) and ketamine-midazolam (KM), by simple randomization. At all stages of the work, patients underwent cardiac and respiratory monitoring. All hemodynamic parameters and ramsy sedation score (RSS) were recorded for all participants in the 5 time periods before, during and after endoscopy. ANOVA test and bonferroni tracking test were used in spss software to analyze and compare data.
Results: 54.5% were male patients. The ANOVA test showed that the scores of the two groups at the time of the study had a statistically significant difference (p=0.02). In the KM group, the mean blood pressure and heart rate of patients increased at all times compared to before the intervention (p=0.005). Blood pressure in the KP group had a steady trend over time (p<0.001).
Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference between the scores of the two groups and the group (KM) had higher scores, but the use of two drug regimens Propofol-Ketamine and Ketamine-Midazolam caused a good sedation in pediatric endoscopy. The propofol-ketamine compound resulted in greater hemodynamic stability in cardiovascular parameters during and after endoscop
Assessment of Health and Safety Hazards in Hospitals using five methods and comparing the results with the FMEA method
No full textDefinitions and Theories of Elder Abuse
No full textOld age is one of the most crucial stages of human development that encompasses the dynamics of biological processes, perception, growth and development and maturity, as a natural process of life. The elderly as one of the vulnerable groups, they face different biological, psychological and social needs. As the population gets older, the elderly will need more support in their daily activities, and these will put more pressure on family members. Failure of families to take care of the elderly as well as specific social conditions such as urbanization, modernization, change in traditional values, contradiction of the new and old generation value system, and failure to accept care of an elderly family enables the family to fulfill its role and duties. In such circumstances, the elderly may be at risk of domestic elder abuse. Elder abuse is in fact the intentional or unintentional behavior of the elderly, which may be of a physical, emotional or psychological nature and may cause complications such as unnecessary suffering, injury or physical pain, violating the human rights and impairing the quality of life of the elderly person. The present study aimed to provide definitions and theories of elder abuse
Authors’ response to letter to the editor, “The effects of eugenol nanoemulsion on pain caused by arteriovenous fistula cannulation in hemodialysis patients: A randomized double-blinded controlled cross-over clinical trial”
No full textComplementary Therapies in Medicine 54 (2020) 102544Available online 23 August 20200965-2299/© 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Authors’ response to letter to the editor, “The effects of eugenol nanoemulsion on pain caused by arteriovenous fistula cannulation in hemodialysis patients: A randomized double-blinded controlled cross-over clinical trial” To the Editor We should appreciate the provided continued opportunity to discuss our manuscript entitled “The effects of eugenol nanoemulsion on pain caused by arteriovenous fistula cannulation in hemodialysis patients: A randomized double-blinded controlled cross-over trial”.1 Also, we would like to thank Dr. Soltani-Kermanshahi and Dr. Mansori for their great interest in our paper and for their time to discuss some method-ological issues about our paper.2 In their letter to the editor, two concerns were raised by them. We agree with their concerns about possible methodological flaws resulting in non-reliable findings. As we discussed earlier, there are rising con-cerns about evidence-based complementary therapies in medicine. Sometimes, there is ambiguous data on its efficacy and safety.3,4 Therefore, clinical trials on complementary therapies should employ the most robust designs and methods.5 The first matter mentioned in their letter, is the necessity to impose a washout period between different interventional periods. As it has been shown in the CONSORT flowchart of our study, there was a washout period before patients’ crossover. Their second concern was checking the carryover effect. Is this sta-tistical test required for every crossover trial? It seems that the response is “NO”! It depends on the nature of intervention and possibility of carryover its effect at the next intervention. In addition, there are two major disadvantage for use of statistical tests on assessment of carryover effect: 1) “the unconditional Type I error rate operates at a much higher level than desired”. 2) this statistical approach may cause one-half of our re-sults to be left unused.6 Therefore, it is strongly recommended to choose an appropriate length for the washout period (depending on the half-life of the drug) to assure about avoiding this effect