Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Determine the effects of kaempferol on inhibition of cardiac toxicity induced by clozapine in isolated cardiomyocytes from rat heart muscle
No full textintroduction
clozapine (CLZ) is unusually efficient in psychotic diseases such as treatment resistant schizophrenia and can decrease suicidal risk. Nonethdess, its use is confined due to potentially life-threatening adverse events, including cardiomyopathy and myocarditis. Since cardiotoxicity of clozapine is mediated through generation of active metabolites, free radical and inflammation in the current study, we tected this hypothesis that kaempferol (kp) as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent agant could attenuate clozapine-induced mitochondrial / Lysosomal and oxidative damages in rat ventricular cardiomyocytes.
Material and methods
using by of biochemical and flow cytometry techniques, cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondria membrane poteritial (MMP), Lysosomal membrane integrity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxidized / reduced glutathione rat heart (GSH/GSSG) content were measured in rat heart isolated cardiomyocytes from the rat heart.
Results
the results showed that CLZ (50μM) induced a significant increase in cytotoxicity, Ros formation, MMP collapse, Lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress while kp prevent and reverted the above toxic effect of ClZ on cardiomyocytes.
Discussion
Our data suggest that kp prevent and reverse clozpine–induced oxidative and mitochondrial/Lysosomal damages in isolated cardiomyocytes, providing an experimental basis for clinical treatment on clozapine- induced cardiotoxicity
Therapeutic Effects of Achillea millefolium L. extract on the Hemorrhoids
No full textBackground and objectives: Hemorrhoids are a prevalent disease that affects health and well-being. Its treatment is generally based on improving the symptoms. According to sources, Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) has long been used to treat various diseases including hemorrhoids due to its various chemical compounds. But there is not enough scientific evidence. So, the present research was performed to assess the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Achillea millefolium as ointment on the symptoms of hemorrhoids.
Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was performed on 54 patients with grade 1 and 2 internal hemorrhoids referred to the Kowsar Clinic of Ardabil in 1399. After extracting and concentrating the hydroalcoholic extract of A. millefolium, 5% ointment of the extract was formulated. Enrolled patients were randomly allocated into two groups of extract ointment and placebo ointment. They received the ointment three times a day for ten days. Recommendations for lifestyle modification and laxative administration were given to all patients. Symptoms (pain, discomfort during defecation, bleeding intensity, bleeding frequency, and itching) were assessed at the beginning of treatment and after ten days. The checklist was completed based on the patient's history. The data were analyzed by T-test and Chi-square.
Results: The mean score of pain and discomfort during defecation after treatment in A. millefolium extract group was significantly lower than the placebo group (p˂ 0.05). Also, there was a significant difference between groups in terms of severity and frequency of bleeding and these symptoms were lower in A. millefolium group (p˂0.05). There was no significant difference in term of itching between two groups (p = 0.069).
Conclusions: According to the results, the ointment containing of 5% hydroalcoholic A. millefolium extract reduces most of the symptoms of grade 1 and 2 internal hemorrhoids, so it can be evaluated in further studies as a candidate for the production of a new dru
Mitochondrial/Lysosomal Protective and Antioxidant Agents Reduce Toxicity Induced by Toluene in Human Lymphocytes
No full textBackground & objectives: Toluene as a systemic toxin and industrial solvents has different effects on vital organs of the body. There is little mechanistic study of the interactions between toluene and human lymphocytes. In this study, the direct toxicity of toluene and the potential of agents with antioxidant, mitochondrial/lysosomal protective effects to reduce its possible toxicity in human lymphocytes were studied.
Methods: Blood lymphocytes were isolated from healthy male volunteer's blood, using Ficoll Paque Plus followed by gradient centrifugation. In this study, cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, lipid peroxidation (LPO), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), lysosomal membrane damage, glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) levels, were determined in blood lymphocytes after incubation with toluene and antioxidant, mitochondrial and lysosomal protective compounds.
Results: Results showed that toluene reduced lymphocyte viability, increased ROS levels, LPO content, damage to lysosomal membranes, mitochondrial damages and GSH depletion, which these damages were significantly inhibited by dibutyl hydroxytoluene (BHT) as a synthetic antioxidant, cyclosporine A (Cs. A) as an inhibitor of mitochondrial pores, and chloroquine as a lysosomotropic agent.
Conclusion: Results of our study suggest that using of antioxidants, mitochondrial and lysosomal protective agents can be effective in reducing toluene-induced toxicity in exposed individuals
Evaluation of Ardabil dental students' knowledge of infection control in removable prosthesis in 2020
No full textIntruduction: Due to the possibility of transmission of infection through removable dentures, the acquaintance of dental students with controlling infection and disinfection of dentures and molds becomes important. This study aims to evaluate the Ardabil dental students' knowledge on infection control in removable dentures in 2020.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, all students (161 students) of semesters 6 to 12 of the Dentistry School of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences during 2019-2020 were studied. The data collection tool was the standard questionnaire of Kasaei et al. (2006), consisting of two parts: The first part was about personal information such as gender, semester, and grade point average . The second part consisted of 20 multiple-choice questions, assessing the knowledge of dental students on controlling infection in removable dentures.
results: After obtaining the required permissions, a copy of the questionnaire and the application form were sent online to the participants. Then, the data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests with SPSS software (v.22). The confidence level of the tests was 95%. (α <0.05).
Based on the data, students' knowledge level of controlling infection in removable prostheses (29.6 ± 50.2) was obtained, which was 57.1% at a low level and 42.9% at a moderate level. The results show that there is no significant difference in the acquaintance of the students with controlling infection in removable dentures based on gender and grade point average (P 0.05).
Conclusion: Awareness of the students on how to control infection in removable dentures is at a low level and there is a need for further training with careful supervisio
Investigation of SARS CoV-2 virus in environmental surface
No full textThe prevalent respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 probably persist for a long time on fomites and environmental surfaces. Some recent studies have detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA on the surface of cell phones, door handles and other items in the inhabited sites of confirmed cases. For the aim of this study, a total of 50 environmental surface samples of SARS-CoV-2 was collected from Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardabil. Forty-one environmental surface samples were proved negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA while nine surface samples were positive. Our findings regarding surfaces contaminated with the virus are consistent with the results of recent similar researches as it was revealed that a number of different samples taken from hospital surfaces such as handles, cupboards, light switches, and door handles were positive for the presence of SARS-Cov-2
Helicobacter pylori in water, vegetables and foods of animal origin: A systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence, antibiotic resistance and genotype status in Iran
Get PDFThis study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, antibiotic resistance and genotype status of Helicobacter
pylori strains in water, vegetables and foods of animal origin in Iran. National and international databases were
searched using MeSH-extracted keywords in English and Persian languages to find relevant publications by up to
November 01, 2019. Among articles that were identified from national and international databases on antibiotic
resistance as well as genotype and the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori, 20 articles were included in the metaanalysis
according to the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori strains
isolated from various foods, vegetables and water in Iran was 11.4% (8.5–15.2). VacA s1a (69.3%) had the
highest, while VacA s1c (11.1%) showed the lowest prevalence of Helicobacter pylori genes. Additionally, in the
current study, Helicobacter pylori resistance rates were as follows: 66.3% to metronidazole, 42.4% to clarithromycin,
72% to amoxicillin, 68% to tetracycline, 33.4% to levofloxacin, 19.8% to rifampin, 17.2% to furazolidone,
22.6% to streptomycin, 61.1% to erythromycin, 84.8% to ampicillin, 49% to trimethoprim, 20.2% to
cefsulodin and 13.4% to spiramycin. Our findings revealed that the prevalence and antibiotic resistance rates of
Helicobacter pylori have reached alarming levels in water, vegetables and foods of animal origin in Iran. These
issues can greatly affect the risk of bacterial transmission and efficacy of antibiotic treatment in human infections
Effect of Foeniculum Vulgare hydroalcoholic extract on passive avoidance learning and memory and anxiety like behaviors in streptozotocin – induced diabetic male rats
No full textBackground: Diabetes mellitus (DM) as a chronic disease can disrupt the entire body system including the brain, by raising blood sugar. This chronic disease also affects the hippocampus in various ways, including intensifying the oxidative reaction, which leads to impaired cognitive and emotional functions, as well as learning and memory. The main cause of oxidative stress in DM is increased blood glucose, which does this in several ways.
Aim: There is sufficient evidence indicating the antidiabetic, anti-anxiety, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects of Foeniculum Vulgare effects. This study aimed to determine the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Foeniculum Vulgare on, passive avoidance learning and memory, anxiety-like behaviors, pain threshold, and hippocampal level of antioxidant parameters and oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, seventy male Wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into seven groups: 1- Control: 2- Sham (DMSO) 3- Foeniculum Vulgare; for a month received Foeniculum Vulgare extract (200 mg/kg) 4-diabetic (induction by streptozotocin at a dose of 50 mg per kg - single dose and after one-month behavioral tests were performed) 5- diabetic (induced by streptozotocin injection (50 mg/kg, single dose) and after two months followed by performing behavioral tests. 6- Diabetic + Foeniculum Vulgare: Immediately after the confirmation of diabetes, they have received Foeniculum Vulgare after one-month DM confirmation for one month, 7- Diabetics+Foeniculum Vulgare: received Foeniculum Vulgare extract for two months after the diabetes is confirmed. Finally, anxiety-like behavior tests including, open field and elevated plus-maze. Additionally, a shuttle box test was used to examine the effects of diabetes and Foeniculum Vulgare consumption on learning and memory. A hot plate was also used to assess the effect of Foeniculum Vulgare on pain threshold in diabetic rats. Blood glucose levels were measured at the beginning of the study and before the behavioral tests. After the behavioral test performing, the rats were deeply anesthetized and after that, the hippocampi of the brain were removed for oxidative stress (MDA), and antioxidants (SOD and GPX) parameters determination. The results were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey post hoc test using SPSS20 software.
Results: Results of the study showed that induction of diabetes increased anxiety-like behaviors, impaired passive avoidance memory and increased oxidative stress (MDA), and decreased antioxidants (SOD and GPX) in the hippocampus, while Foeniculum Vulgare treatment adjusted disorders that were induced by diabetes. Remarkably, Foeniculum Vulgare consumption could exert both therapeutic and preventive effects. Foeniculum Vulgare also increased the pain threshold in diabetic rats.
Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that Foeniculum Vulgare can have protective and therapeutic effects on the cognitive and emotional disruptions in diabetes patients, hence, it might be used for different drug productions because of therapeutic and pharmacological potential
Hospital Occupational Safety and Health Risk Assessment
No full textBackground: Safety in hospitals is highly important for economic, human, and ethical viewpoints. Risk management in hospitals is a measure to lower the risk and frequency of preventable accidents.
Aim: To assess occupational safety and health risks in educational hospitals using the HOSHRA index in 2019.
Methods: The study was carried out using a cross-sectional method in 24 wards of four Ardabil-based educational hospitals in 2019. The data were collected using the HOSHRA checklist and analyzed using the recommended formulas.
Results: The highest obtained score in the physical factors field was for radiation subgroup and the lowest score was for chemical factors. The scores of chemical, ergonomic, psychological, physical, and biological hazards were at moderate level.
Conclusion: The highest level of safety level in the hospitals under study was in the physical factors field and in radiation subgroup and the lowest safety level was with chemical hazards. The assessment of chemical, ergonomic, psychological, physical, and biological risks showed that the risk level was not acceptable and further modifications were needed in the future
Is there any difference in fast food consumption between children with different obesity status in Ardabil-Iran
No full textObjective: Changing your lifestyle today has led to changing dietary patterns and greater use of fast foods. This causes changes in the health status of individuals in the community that need to be examined. The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the fast food consumption in children with different obesity status in Ardabil primary schools. Methods: This descriptive and analytical study was done among 600 children 7–12 years old. Demographic and anthropometric information were obtained using Questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. Data were analyzed using logestic regression and T-test. Results: The mean age of children in this study was 8.35 ±1.28. About 400 (66.7%) children had normal weight and 33 (5.5%) children were obese. Approximately 20% (115 subject) had malnutrition or were at risk of malnutrition. The average daily calorie intake of students was 1665.2 ±100.31 kcal. There was a significant difference in intake of sausages between children with different body mass index. (p <0.05). Intake of sausage, fruit leather, gummi candy, chips and puffcorn in malnourished children were more than other students (p <0.05). The amount of consumption of sausages and Pizza in children that had 5 family numbers, were more than other students (p <0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the amount of fast foods consumed between children with dif-ference obesity status. The fast food consumption in households with large family number is more than other households
Generalized Tetanus in an Adult Patient: A Case Report
Get PDFTetanus is a neurological disorder caused by Clostridium tetani. Although vaccination has significantly reduced the incidence of tetanus worldwide, the occurrence of sporadic cases requires effective and timely treatment. In this study, we report the case of a 45-year-old man who had difficulty in swallowing and opening mouth. The patient had the history of a small puncture wound with a nail in his toes about 12 days ago