Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Effect of linalool on the activity of glyoxalase-i and diverse glycation products in rats with type 2 diabetes
Get PDFBackground and purpose: Hyperglycemia with the reduction of the activity of glyoxalase-I (GLO-1) and the elevation of glycation, oxidative stress, and inflammation markers contribute to type -2 diabetes and diabetes vascular complications. Due to the beneficial effect of linalool on glucose metabolism in animal models of diabetes, the study aimed to investigate the effect of linalool on the activity of GLO-1 and the cited markers in type -2 diabetic rats.
Materials and Methods: In the experimental study, type 2 diabetes induced in rats with a combination of nicotinamide and streptozotocin (210 + 55 mg/kg). The groups under study were composed of control and diabetic groups without treatment and under treatment with linalool (ten rats in each group). Treated-diabetic group received linalool 25 milligrams per kilogram of weight body by gavage daily for two months. fasting blood sugar, insulin resistance index, lipid profile, the activity of GLO-I, markers of glycation (glycated albumin, methylglyoxal, and advanced glycation end products), and oxidative stress (advanced oxidation end products and malondialdehyde), inflammatory (interleukine-1β) as well as serum creatinine and excretion of protein in 24 h urine (renal dysfunction markers) in all groups was measured.
Results: Linalool had a reductive effect on serum fasting glucose, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, glycation oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers as well as renal dysfunction indices in the diabetic group. GLO-I activity in the treated diabetic was higher than the un-treated one (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Linalool could reduce the risk of developing diabetes vascular complications due to the raising of the GLO-I activity and the antioxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory properties as well as an advantageous effect on glucose and lipid metabolism
Comparrison of the Effect of Intrathecal Bupivacaine with Intrathecal Ropivacaine on Hemodynamic of Patients under Elective Caesarean Section
Get PDFBackground and Objectives: The correct management of delivery and anesthesia hs important for maternal and fetal health outcome during cesarean section. The aim of this study was to compare the effect os spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine and ropivacaine on the hemodynamic parameters of pregnant women during cesarean section.
Methods: This study was a randomized double blinded clinical trial on 76 women aged 18-40 years, ASA 1&2 were admitted for elective cesarean section. Patients allocated into two equal groups (n=38). Spinal anesthesia was applied by 12.5 mg bupivacaine (group R) & 17.5 mg ropivacaine (group B). The hemodynamic parameters, demographic variables and other variables were recorded during the operation. The statistical analysis was applied by ANOVA using SPSS 16.00 software.
Results: Two groups were similar regarding Age, ASA, Cause of cesarean section. Mean of systolic blood pressure and Time of reach to adequate anesthesia (T4 level) in Bupivacaine group and Time of decrease of anesthesia level (T10), Rate of nausea&vomiting, Rate of hypotention and Use of ephedrine in Ropivacaine group were lower significantly (Pvalue<0.05). The rate of surgeon's satisfaction was better in Bupivacaine group. Heart rate, MAP, Rate of bradycardia and Chilling were not significantly different among two groups.
Conclusion: Intrathecal Ropivacaine provides stable blood pressure in Women undergoing cesarean section and Recovery time is shorter than Intrathecal Bupivacain
The role of melatonin on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: A systematic review
No full textPurpose: Doxorubicin, as an effective chemotherapeutic drug, is commonly used for combating various solid and hematological tumors. However, doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity is considered as a serious adverse effect, and it limits the clinical use of this chemotherapeutic drug. The use of melatonin can lead to a decrease in the cardiotoxic effect induced by doxorubicin. The aim of this review was to evaluate the potential role of melatonin in the prevention of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Methods: This review was conducted by a full systematic search strategy based on PRISMA guidelines for the identification of relevant literature in the electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus up to January 2019 using search terms in the titles and abstracts. 286 articles were screened in accordance with our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, 28 articles were selected in this systematic review.
Results: The findings demonstrated that doxorubicin-treated groups had increased mortality, decreased body weight and heart weight, and increased ascites compared to the control groups; the co-administration of melatonin revealed an opposite pattern compared to the doxorubicin-treated groups. Also, this chemotherapeutic agent can lead to biochemical and histopathological changes; as for most of the cases, these alterations were reversed near to normal levels (control groups) by melatonin co-administration. Melatonin exerts these protection effects through mechanisms of anti-oxidant, anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, and mitochondrial function.
Conclusion: The results of this systematic review indicated that co-administration of melatonin ameliorates the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity
Radiographic evaluation of bone resorption rate within one year after implantation with Blossom feature
No full textThe long-term clinical success of implants depends on osteointegration and adhesion of soft tissues and epithelium to the implant surfaces. Various indexes including: plaque index, gingival index, bleeding during probing and bone resorption are used to assess the health of the soft tissues around the implant, marginal bone resorption is assessed by radiography and is directly related to long-term treatment success. Due to the development of implant treatment in dentistry and the effectiveness of different brands of implants, comparing brands is something that will help in making the right and logical choice considering all the available conditions. Intra-lock brand, using the new feature Blossom (1), claims that the rate of bone resorption will be equal to or even less than the reputable implant brands, and in this study, we decided to Study and evaluate the rate of bone resorption of this brand within one year after loading.
Goals:
The aim of this study was to determine the rate of bone resorption one year after implant loading in the Intra-lock brand.
Materials and Methods:
In this retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study, the total number of radiographs performed during 1995 and 1996 in completely healthy patients who referred for implant placement was evaluated and the rate of bone resorption from bone crest base to The neck of the implant was measured in the same implantation session and one year after implant load by peri apical radiography and entered in the pre-prepared checklist. Data were collected accurately with the help of Planmeca machine and Romexis software and analyzed using analytical and descriptive statistical methods.
Findings :
One year after loading, the mean rate of crystal bone resorption in implants was mm(0/39) ±1.87. The mean bone resorption within one year after loading of dental implants with Intralock brand is not statistically significant between patients with different sexes (p = 0.217). Although the mean bone resorption in the age group under 20 years was lower than other categories, but there was no statistically significant difference between the mean bone resorption in one year after loading of dental implants with Intralock brand in patients of different age groups (p = 0/11). Although the highest amount of resorption was in the posterior maxilla, but the average bone resorption in one year after loading dental implants with Intralock brand is not different according to the location of the implant in the jaw. (p = 0/21).
Conclusion:
In this study, there was no significant difference in the rate of crystal bone resorption according to age, sex and implant placement
Explaining the Process of Vaginismus Diagnosis: a Content Analysis
Get PDFBackground & aim: 150 years consensus on clinical diagnostic criteria of pain, contraction
and spasms has been questioned to explain vaginismus. The aim of this study was to
understand the process of vaginismus diagnosis in women.
Methods:The present study was conducted with a qualitative approach based on the content
analysis between 2014-2015. A total of 33 participants including 20 in patients group and 13
in clinical diagnostic group (gynecologist, midwife and clinical psychologist) were selected
through purposeful and theoretical sampling in the clinics and family health centers of Tehran
and Karaj and they were interviewed based on semi-structured method.
Results: From data analysis, two topics of "perceived disorder in marital relations" with subthemes of physical suffering and inability to have sexual intercourse and annoyance and
psychological-emotional damage and also "applied diagnostic skills and knowledge" with
sub-themes of behavioral interaction, were obtained from the diagnostic conditions and
diagnostic criteria of the therapist.
Conclusion: The results showed that the therapist should be able to skillfully observe and
discover the clinical diagnostic criteria of vaginismus, such as spasm, contraction, and pain,
based on what he or she has learned as knowledge of vaginismus. The vaginismus is
subsequently confirmed by a skillful analysis of the patient's marital status and the discovery
of the dimensions of the patient's physical suffering and inability to have sex and the resulting
psychological and psychological damage. For a definitive diagnosis of vaginismus, it is
recommended that, at the first, a gynecological examination be performed to detect the
clinical features, and second, a skilled analysis of the quality of the couple's marital
relationship is recommended
Protective effect of apigenin on inhibition cellular toxicity induced by aluminum phosphide in isolated cardiomyocytes from rat heart muscle
No full textIntroduction
Apigenin, is a natural compound that found in high amounts in vegetables and fruits. This natural flavone has shown strong cardioprotective effects in animal and clinical studies. Due to cardioprotective effects of apigenin in previous studies, we hypothesized that apigenin protects isolated cardiomyocytes from aluminum phosphide (AlP)-induced toxicity as the most common disturbances after exposure with this agent.
Materials and Methods
Using by of biochemical and flowcytometry techniques; cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), lysosomal membrane integrity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxidized/reduced glutathione (GSH/GSSG) content were measured in rat heart isolated cardiomyocytes.
Results
We showed that apigenin could protect the cardiomyocytes from damage induced by AlP. ROS formation, lysosomal damage, mitochondrial damage, and lipid peroxidation induced by AlP were also decreased by apigenin. Therefore, the research suggested that apigenin could be a candidate for AlP poisoning.
Discussion
Due to the predominant role of cardiotoxicity in the patients of AlP poisoning, in the current study we isolated rat heart cardiomyocytes to evaluate to cytoprotective effect of apigenin against AlP-induced cytotoxicity. It is widely believed that natural antioxidant agents might pave a way for the therapy of cardiovascular disorders. Apigenin a major active constituent in many medicinal plants, is commonly used for its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects
Photocatalytic degradation of metronidazole (MNZ) antibiotic in aqueous media using copper oxide nanoparticles activated by H2O2 /UV process: biodegradability and kinetic studies
No full textMetronidazole (MNZ) has identified as a remarkable environmental pollutant since it is highly
consumed and is resistant to biological degradation. This study was accomplished to assess the
photocatalytic degradation of MNZ in aqueous media using copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs)
activated by H2 O2 in the presence of UV irradiation (UV/H2
O2
/CuO-NPs process). For this purpose,
the laboratory-scale experiments were carried out in the 2.5 L batch reactor. The effect of operational
parameters, that is, initial pH (3–11), the concentration of MNZ (25–100 mg/L), the concentration of
H2
O2
(10–40 mg/L), the concentration of CuO-NPs (2–8 mg/L), and reaction time (0–60 min) were also
assessed. The results of this study clarified that under optimum conditions (pH = 3, H2
O2 = 10 mg/L,
[MNZ]0 = 50 mg/L, CuO-NPs = 8 mg/L, and reaction time = 60 min), the removal efficiencies of MNZ,
chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total organic carbon (TOC) using the UV/H2
O2
/CuO-NPs process were 98.36%, 73.0%, and 56.52%, respectively. According to the results, by increasing reaction
time from 0 to 60 min, the AOS in the effluent was increased from 1.39 to 2.38, and the COD/TOC
ratio was decreased from 1.74 to 0.8. The results related to parameters of the kinetics showed that
the removal of MNZ antibiotic using the studied system conforms to the pseudo-first-order kinetics
(R2 = 0.983), and kinetics rate constant (k) was 0.0624 min–1. This study provides UV/H2
O2
/CuO-NPs
process as an innovative method to degrade the MNZ antibiotic and enhance its biodegradability. We concluded that the studied process can be used as an effective and eco-friendly method in
the removal of MNZ antibiotic
Investigation of the Effect of Esterpococcus Mutans Based Aging on Flexural Strength of Restorative Materials
No full textAim: There is not enough data about the effects of microbial aging on the mechanical properties of restorative materials; therefore, this study was aimed to compare the effect of aging by Streptococcus mutans with water induced aging on the flexural strength of various restorative materials.
Materials and Methods: This experimental study was performed on the blocks of different types of restorative materials, including a composite resin, a giomer and a resin modified glass ionomer and three types of aging was used ( 30-days storage in distilled water, Streptococcus mutans and germ free culture medium). The three-point bending flexural strength of the specimens before and after aging was measured according to ISO_4049 standard. Data were analyzed by one way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests. The significance level was set at 0.05.
Results: results showed that 30-days aging with the Streptococcus mutans significantly reduced the flexural strength in all three types of materials (P 0.05). There was no significant difference between streptococcus mutans based aging and distilled water groups in the case of resin modified glassionomer (P = 0.308).
Conclusion: generally, it can be concluded that aging by streptococcus mutans in all three restorative materials reduced the flexural strengt
High-level resistance to aminoglycosides and ampicillin among clinical isolates of Enterococcus species in an Iranian referral hospital
Get PDFBackground and Objectives: Nowadays, high-level aminoglycosides and ampicillin resistant Enterococcus species are among the most common causes of nosocomial infections. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of high-level resistance to aminoglycosides and ampicillin among clinical isolates of Enterococcus species in Ardabil, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross–sectional study, a total of 111 Enterococcus species were collected from different clinical specimens between 2013 and 2015. Enterococcus species were identified using standard phenotypic and genotypic methods. BHI agar screen and agar dilution methods were used for detection of high-level gentamicin and streptomycin resistance (HLGR and HLSR) and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ampicillin, respectively.Results: Of 111 clinical isolates, 59 (53.2%) and 25 (22.5%) isolates were E. faecalis and E. faecium, respectively, based on the PCR results. Totally, 60.3% and 56.7% of isolates were HLGR and HLSR, respectively, as well as 51.35% were HLGR plus HLSR. Among HLGR isolates, 36 (61.01%), 18 (72%) and 13 (48.14%) were E. faecium, E. faecalis and non-faecalis non-faecium species, respectively. Among HLSR isolates, 33 (55.93%), 16 (64%) and 14 (51.85%) were E. faecalis, E. fae-cium and non-faecalis non-faecium species, respectively. All HLGR isolates contained aac(6 ́)Ie-aph(2′′)Ia gene. Overall, the prevalence of high-level ampicillin resistance among Enterococcus species was 17.1%. For E. faecalis, E. faecium and non-faecalis non-faecium species, ampicillin resistance rates were as follows: 11 (40.74%), 7 (28%) and 1 (1.69%), respec-tively. For aminoglycoside antibiotics, the resistance rate was significantly higher in E. faecium isolates and for ampicillin it was higher in E. faecalis isolates. Conclusion: The frequency of high-level aminoglycoside resistant enterococcal isolates in our hospital was high and signif-icant ampicillin resistance was noticed. This would require routine testing of enterococcal isolates for HLAR and ampicillin susceptibility
Assessment of Health and Safety Hazards in Hospitals using five methods and comparing the results with the FMEA method
Get PDFBackground: Observation of safety and health condition at hospitals helps controlling and decreasing the hazards. Due to the wide range of incidents and the notable financial load, safety management is highly important for hospitals. Through systematic assessment of potential hazard, we can take effective measures to protect workforces’ heath and assets.
Aim: To compare ETBA, HEMP, HOSHRA, and AHP for assessing hazards at Iran-based hospitals using the FMEA method in 2019.
Methods: The study was carried out as a descriptive and cross-sectional study in 2019 at 12 wards of Imam Hospital, Ardabil-Iran. Data gathering was done by the experts and using the checklists of ETBA, HEMP, HOSHRA, FMEA, and AHP and the results were compared.
Results: The comparison of the methods was done using FMEA and the results showed that the hazard risks identified by ETBA were different from FMEA and those identified by HEMP were similar to FMEA. In addition, the result of the FMEA method was identical to HOSHRA in terms of chemical, biological, and ergonomic hazards and identical to the AHP method in terms of biological, needle stick, and chemical agents.
Conclusion: As the results showed, FMEA revealed the highest number of risks. Along with FMEA method, ETBA can be also used in hospitals for risk assessment and to have a comprehensive view of the risks