Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Correlation between general health and sexual function in older women in an Iranian setting
No full textINTRODUCTION: The world's population is aging and this trend continues. Older adults are living healthier and longer than in the last decades and their sexual function should also be considered along with their general health. This study aimed to examine the correlation between general health and sexual function in elderly women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional correlation study, 1245 women over 60 years old were selected in Ardabil health-care centers by a convenient sampling method. Demographic data of all participants were noted and general health and sexual function were evaluated by the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) Questionnaire. RESULTS: The participants' mean ± standard deviation age was 75.1 ± 7.2 years, most of the women (40.08%) were illiterate, and the majority of them were living with their married (44.81%) or single children (27.14%). The general health score for 380 older women (30.52%) was under 22 (healthy). About 60% of the women had engaged in sexual activity during the past 4 weeks, and the total mean score of FSFI was 17.36 ± 1.44. In addition, 84.33% of the women had sexual dysfunction (FSFI < 26.55). The age (P < 0.05), educational level (P < 0.001), living with children (P < 0.01), and general health status (P < 0.01) were found to be significantly related to sexual function. The total scores for FSFI and the scores for all domains except for satisfaction were in positive correlation with the score for the total and all domains of general health (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Sexual function in elderly women is affected by several factors, such as general health. Therefore, to promote successful aging in women, sexual function and general health require more attention when implementing women's health initiatives
The Neuroprotective Effect of Mesna on Cisplatin-Induced Neurotoxicity: Behavioral, Electrophysiological, and Molecular Studies
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The Relationship between Learning Styles and Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy among Medicine and Dentistry Students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
No full textBackground and Objectives: The career decision-making self-efficacy (CDSE) in medical, pharmacy and dental students is more important than other disciplines due to professional sensitivity, direct involvement in decision-making for the treatment process and significant clinical involvement. It is also expected that learning style has a significant impact on the academic success and the CDSE also affects the quality of clinical care. Therefore, in the present study, we will examine the relationship between the learning style and the career decision-making self-efficacy of professional doctoral Students. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 235 medical interns and 5th and 6th year dental students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. The research tools, including Kolb Learning Style Inventory and Betz and Luzzo career decision-making self-efficacy questionnaire. Statistical tests such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Spearman correlation coefficient, Chi-square test, One-way ANOVA used to analyze the data. Results: The mean age of participants was 25.9 + 1.30, majority of them were dental students (134 person, 59.3%) and 92 were medical students (40.7%). The predominant learning styles in dental and medical students were assimilating (40.3%) and converging(47.8%), respectively. there was no significant relationship between students' learning styles and career decision-making self-efficacy and none of its subscales (p > 0.05). The results of Chi-square test showed a significant difference between the field of study and learning style (P=0.024). Conclusion; this study showed that there was no significant relationship between learning style and career decision-making self-efficacy. As this was the first study to be conducted in this field, the results are not conclusively reliable and further studies are needed
The global distribution of lymphatic filariasis, 2000–18: a geospatial analysis
No full textBackground
Lymphatic filariasis is a neglected tropical disease that can cause permanent disability through disruption of the lymphatic system. This disease is caused by parasitic filarial worms that are transmitted by mosquitos. Mass drug administration (MDA) of antihelmintics is recommended by WHO to eliminate lymphatic filariasis as a public health problem. This study aims to produce the first geospatial estimates of the global prevalence of lymphatic filariasis infection over time, to quantify progress towards elimination, and to identify geographical variation in distribution of infection.
Methods
A global dataset of georeferenced surveyed locations was used to model annual 2000–18 lymphatic filariasis prevalence for 73 current or previously endemic countries. We applied Bayesian model-based geostatistics and time series methods to generate spatially continuous estimates of global all-age 2000–18 prevalence of lymphatic filariasis infection mapped at a resolution of 5 km2 and aggregated to estimate total number of individuals infected.
Findings
We used 14 927 datapoints to fit the geospatial models. An estimated 199 million total individuals (95% uncertainty interval 174–234 million) worldwide were infected with lymphatic filariasis in 2000, with totals for WHO regions ranging from 3·1 million (1·6–5·7 million) in the region of the Americas to 107 million (91–134 million) in the South-East Asia region. By 2018, an estimated 51 million individuals (43–63 million) were infected. Broad declines in prevalence are observed globally, but focal areas in Africa and southeast Asia remain less likely to have attained infection prevalence thresholds proposed to achieve local elimination.
Interpretation
Although the prevalence of lymphatic filariasis infection has declined since 2000, MDA is still necessary across large populations in Africa and Asia. Our mapped estimates can be used to identify areas where the probability of meeting infection thresholds is low, and when coupled with large uncertainty in the predictions, indicate additional data collection or intervention might be warranted before MDA programmes cease
Explaining the Factors Affecting the Success of the Nursing Students in OSCE Exam: A Qualitative Content Analysis Study
No full textBackground & aim: Practical exams are frequently used in the training and evaluation of
medical students. One of these exams is Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE).
The present study aimed to explaining the factors affecting the success of the nursing students
in OSCE exam.
Method: This research was designed to pursue a qualitative approach following content
Analysis. 11 undergraduate nursing students participated in this study with mean age of
24±3.5 years. Elo & Kyngas (2008) method was used to analyze the data. To help the data
analysis, the MAXQDA 10 software was used.
Results: Data analysis led to the extraction of two main categories and 8 general categories:
facilitators of success in the exam with general categories (previous experiences, peer
learning, personal characteristics and managerial readiness) and barriers to success in the
exam with general categories (uncertainty in running exam, test giant, clinical training method
and Inattention and lack of motivation).
Conclusion: The present study is one of the first studies to explain the factors affecting the
success of nursing students' in OSCE exam. According to the results of this study, many
factors, including individual, group and educational conditions in the faculty and hospital are
effective in the success in OSCE exam. According to the results of the study, the officials of
nursing schools should try to minimize the obstacles to the success in OSCE exam in the next
years, and on the other hand, strengthen the facilitators, so that the students and colleges
benefit the most from OSCE exam
Pattern of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever related high risk behaviors among Iranian butchers and its relation to perceived self-efficacy
No full textBackground: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is highly fatal to humans and an acute viral disease. The
CCHF disease has been reported in occupations such as butchers, slaughterhouse butchers and workers. The aim of
this study was to investigate the pattern of CCHF related high risk behaviors among butchers and determine the
effects of perceived self-efficacy of the participants on their membership in latent classes.
Methods: The participants of this cross-sectional study were recruited from all the meat distribution centers in
Ardabil Province in 2019–2020. The LCA approach was used to observe the CCFH related high risk behaviors
patterns.
Results: The statistical significance level was assigned at P-value < 0.05 in all the analyses. Three latent classes were
identified; namely, 1) low risk (16.1%), 2) high risk (53.6%), and 3) very high risk (30.2%). After adjusting for other
possible confounders higher score of perceived self-efficacy significantly decrease the odds of membership in high
risk class (OR = 0.74) and very high risk class (OR = 0.62) compared to the low risk class. Also, age (OR = 1.07) and
experience (OR = 0.91) associate with very high risk class.
Conclusions: This study revealed the co-occurrence of CCHF related high risk behaviors in the majority of workers
in the livestock and meat industry. It is necessary to provide butchers and slaughterhouse workers with general
education, force them to use protective equipment and investigate the rate of tick bites in risky occupations
Collagen I Gel Increases the Osteogenic Potential of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells
No full textObjectives: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) have osteogenic potential. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an alternative natural replacement for osteogenic growth factors. The present study evaluated the combinatory effect of human PRP (hPRP) and collagen I (Col I) gels on the osteogenic potential of ASCs.
Materials and Methods: In current experimental research, the extracted ASCs from the pararenal fat pad, at passage 3 were used for the experiments. The osteoinductive potential of ASCs was examined by culturing the cells in cell culture media supplemented with 10% hPRP, 10% Col I, and 10% hPRP/Col I. Finally, metabolic activity, osteoblast differentiation, and mineralization were assessed through the MTT method, alkaline phosphatase assay, Von Kossa method, and staining of osteocalcin (OCN) immunocytochemistry, respectively.
Results: Based on the results, 10% hPRP gel, 10% Col I gel, and 10% hPRP/Col I gel increased the metabolic activity and proliferation of ASCs (P < 0.05). In addition, the activity of alkaline phosphatase in ASCs, supplemented with 10% hPRP/Col I gel was extremely higher compared to the other groups on days 7 and 14 (P < 0.05). Further, calcified nodules were evident on day 14 after the osteogenic stimulation of ASCs which were cultured in 10% hPRP/Col I gel. Eventually, positive OCN expression was detected in 10% hPRP/Col I gel on days 7 and 14.
Conclusions: These findings indicated that the combination of hPRP and Col I gels provides a natural biomaterial for increasing the proliferation and osteoblast differentiation of ASCs