Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARD ORGAN DONATION IN ARDABIL CITY
Get PDFIntroduction: The vital organs transplantation such as the heart, kidney, liver and lungis very important in scientific and social circles and has improved the quality of life of patients and increased life expectancy in patients with advanced organ failure. The issue of organ donation in patients at death time is one of the most important and challenging moral issues in societies that in different cultures and religions occurred based on the values and the relevant laws. The aim of this study was to survey the attitude and awareness of Ardabil city people towards organ donation. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that has been done on 200 Ardabil citizens over the age of 18 which selected randomly from the society. The data collected by a questionnaire and then analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistical methods in SPSS version 16. Results: 54% of people were women and the rest were men and 46% of the respondents had graduate and postgraduate degrees. 62% of the people with the average income and the most source of information for people is broadcasting. The highest level of awareness of the subjects was included the difference in brain death from coma with 73% and was the non contradiction between donation of a member to religion with 69.5%. The highest level of attitude of individuals was the non-contradiction between the organ donation and the normal course of life and death with 70% and the opposite to the financial motivation of individuals for organ donation with 66%. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the level of awareness of people about organ donation was in moderate level so, to encourage more people to donate, providing members for linking the needy and increasing the level of people's awareness and attitudes, programming is essential in the future
Identification and explanation of the factors affecting the design and establishment of the innovation system in the field of medical education
Get PDFBiomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles usingMatricaria chamomilla extract and their potential anticancer activity against human lung cancer cells
No full textHerbs having various natural substances can be utilized for the biosynthesis of Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and act as a stable, reliable and biocompatible alternative instead of the current physical and chemical approaches. It has been reported that Matricaria chamomilla possesses unique properties, especially anti-cancerous effects. The objective of the current work was to assess the chemical characteristics and anticancer effects of biosynthesized AgNPs applying aqueous extracts of M. chamomilla against A549 lung cancer cells. UV–visible spectrum showed the maximum absorption of the biosynthesized AgNPs at 430 nm. The crystalline structure of biosynthesized AgNPs in optimal conditions was confirmed by XRD. Moreover, the presence of Ag as the ingredient element was exhibited via EDX analysis. FT-IR results also verified the AgNPs synthesis using a plant extract. The spherical shapes of the AgNPs with an average diameter size around 45.12 nm and a zeta potential value of−34 mV were characterized using DLS, and confirmed through FE-SEM and TEM. In vitro cytotoxicity assay using MTT revealed that the biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited a dose- and time- dependent cytotoxic effect against A549 lung cancer cells. Moreover, the apoptotic effects of the AgNPs were demonstrated using DAPI staining, real-time PCR and flow cytometry. According to these findings, using M. chamomilla in combination with AgNPs via green synthesis approach may be an efficient strategy for effective treatment of lung cance
Compare the moral distress in nurses in emergency departments and intensive care wards in Ardabil in 1395
Get PDFBackground and Aim: Nursing is one of the most important and vital occupations in the health system of a country. Nurses as the main members of the care and treatment team are at the forefront of health care provision and their performance largely determines the quality of health care.
Moral distress has a significant role in the sense of losing the integrity and dissatisfaction of nurses in their work environment and can affect the quality and cost of nursing care.The aim of this study is comparing the moral distress of nurses working in emergency departments and intensive care wards of hospitals in Ardebil.
Methodology: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out on 438 nurses working in emergency departments and intensive care units of hospitals in Ardabil city using census sampling.The data gathering tool was a demographic questionnaire and a three-dimensional questionnaire for the ethics of nurses. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation and frequency) and inferential statistics (T test and one way ANOVA) were used to analyze the data.
Findings: The findings indicated that the mean moral distress of nurses in Emergency departments in Ardebil is at the moderate level (1/87±0/89) and the mean of moral distress in the nurses of the intensive care units of Ardebil is more than average (2/15±0/99). The average moral distress in nurses in emergency departments and in intensive care was higher than other areas in terms of non-observance of ethical principles.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the mean of moral distress in nurses of the intensive care units of Ardabil is more than nurses in emergency departments in Ardebil.Therefore, the managers of the organization should adopt the necessary methods and tools to identify the symptoms and detected factors affecting the moral distress in nurses (especially nurses working in special sectors)
The Prevalence Of Postural Abnormalites In Elementary School Girl Students Referring To The Corrective Exercises Center Of Ardabil
Get PDFBackground and Objective: One of the most important health issues is the supply of students' physical needs and their health. Research indicates postural abnormalites and changes in physical forms among students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of postural abnormalites in primary school girl students referring to the center of the Corrective Exercises in Ardabil.
Methods: This study was descriptive and cross sectional. The statistical population of the study consists of all elementary school’s girl students of the education department of Ardabil city (district 1) which were identified by the teachers of physical education in schools and referred to the center of the Corrective Exercises in Ardabil. The sampling method was Convenient Sampling and all girls with functional defects who were referred to the center of the Corrective Exercises in Ardabil in the academic year 2017-2018 were selected as the sample. Postural abnormalites checklist were used to collect information and data were analyzed by SPSS software version 24 and descriptive statistics methods.
Result: In the study subjects, the highest percentage of abnormalities was associated with Uneven shoulder (82.59%) and the lowest percentage was related to flat lower back (0.5%). Other anomalies after the Uneven shoulder were respectively Lordosois, kyphosis, Genu Valgum, flat foot, Hallux valgus, forward head, Genu Varum, Scoliosis and flat lower back.
Conclusion: Since correction and improvement of postural abnormalites at the lower ages is easy due to more flexibility in the muscles and joints, it is therefore necessary to take corrective exercises in these ages, Therefore, designing a training, evaluation and correction program would provide appropriate grounds for prevention and treatmen
Prevalence and Correlates of Psychiatric Disorders in a National Survey of Iranian Children and Adolescents
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Objective: Considering the impact of rapid sociocultural, political, and economical changes on societies and families, population-based surveys of mental disorders in different communities are needed to describe the magnitude of mental health problems and their disabling effects at the individual, familial, and societal levels. Method: A population-based cross sectional survey (IRCAP project) of 30 532 children and adolescents between 6 and 18 years was conducted in all provinces of Iran using a multistage cluster sampling method. Data were collected by 250 clinical psychologists trained to use the validated Persian version of the semi-structured diagnostic interview Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-PL (K-SADS-PL). Results: In this national epidemiological survey, 6209 out of 30 532 (22.31%) were diagnosed with at least one psychiatric disorder. The anxiety disorders (14.13%) and behavioral disorders (8.3%) had the highest prevalence, while eating disorders (0.13%) and psychotic symptoms (0.26%) had the lowest. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was significantly lower in girls (OR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.80-0.90), in those living in the rural area (OR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.73-0.87), in those aged 15-18 years (OR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86-0.99), as well as that was significantly higher in those who had a parent suffering from mental disorders (OR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.63-2.36 for mother and OR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.07-1.66 for father) or physical illness (OR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.17-1.35 for mother and OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.10-1.28 for father). Conclusion: About one fifth of Iranian children and adolescents suffer from at least one psychiatric disorder. Therefore, we should give a greater priority to promoting mental health and public health, provide more accessible services and trainings, and reduce barriers to accessing existing services
Assessment of Groundwater Quality Around of Municipal Solid Waste Transfer Station in Ardabil
Get PDFBackground & Objectives: Groundwater is exposed to environmental pollution. The leachate produced by wastes in transfer station or municipal solid waste landfill is one of the sources of pollution. In this view, present study was carried out to evaluate the groundwater quality around of municipal solid waste transfer station in Ardabil at 2017.
Materials and methods: In this cross sectional study, 6 wells (one control well in the upstream and 5 wells in the downstream) around the ardabil municipal solid waste transfer station were selected according to the existing criteria, and the quality parameters of the samples (Turbidity, pH, EC, TDS, BOD5, COD, Nitrate, Heavy Metals, Coliform and Fecal Coliform and ...) were analyzed according to the standard methods. Also, particle-size analysis of soil was carried out in sampling area and data analysis was performed using Excel software and compared with existing standards, guidelines and standards.
Results: In all samples, except for lead (0.07-1 mg/l), Coliform (0-28 MPN/100ml) and Fecal Coliform(0-4 MPN/100ml), other parameters were lower than recommended limit by the criteria and available standards. Also, the amount of sulfate (593.6 mg/l) in well 4 and total Hardness (530 mg/l) in well 3 were higher than the standards recommended for drinking and agricultural purposes.
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the Municipal Solid Waste Transfer Station in Ardabil had no significant effect on the groundwater quality in the surrounding area
Frequency of Abnormal findings in Lumbar Magenetic Resonance imaging in patients with Low back pain Referred to Loghman Hakim Hospital in 2017
Get PDFThis study was performed to determine the frequency of abnormal findings in lumbar magnetic resonance imaging in patients with low back pain who were referred to Loghman hakim hospital, Tehran,iran in 2017.
Methods: this study was conducted as a descriptive – analytical cross – sectional prospective survey among 150 consecutive patients who referred to Loghman hakim Hospital in 2017. The data were collected by check list and analysis was done by SPSS 16.
Results: the mean age of the patients was 43.24 and 53.9% were female. Abnormal magnetic resonance imaging was seen in 87.4% and 68.2% had disc involvement including 38.6% central , 24.1% right and 33.7% left involvements, 29.64% had bulging, 52.76% protrusion, 9.86% extrusion and finally 0.24% had sequestration
Conclusion: It may be concluded that disc protrusion and bulging are the most common findings in magnetic resonance imaging and according to excellent ability of magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis of herniation, magnetic resonance imaging is recommended in patients with lowback pain
Sodium valproate versus Memantine in migraine prophylaxis: a double-blind randomized clinical trial
Get PDFBackground and Objective: Sodium Valproate is an anti-seizure and mood stabilizer used to prevent migraine headaches. Despite the effectiveness and efficacy of this drug, some patients can not tolerate the drug due to the drug complication. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of memantine as a less complicated drug and sodium valproate in migraine prevention.
Methods: Patients with migraine referred to Neuroscience clinic of Kosar and Royan Clinic of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences were evaluated. The study was performed double-blind, so 80 patients were randomly assigned into one of the two groups (each group of 40 patients): 1. Memantine group 2- The sodium valproate group in each group after 12 weeks of using her medication for 4 Week did not take any medication. After that, memantine, sodium valproate, and memantine sodium group were given for 12 weeks. During this period, the severity of the headache, the duration of the headache, the frequency of headache, side effects and the rate of use of analgesics during acute migraine attacks were recorded by patients in daily notes. The relevant information was collected and evaluated.
Results: Two drugs of Sodium Valproate and Memantine were compared in all patients. The effect of these two drugs during the 6 month period of treatment showed that there were a significant difference in the frequency and severity of headache and MIDAS score in terms of the effect of the two drugs. Conclusion:Sodium Valproate has better effects on treating patients rather than Memanti
The study of relationship between depression severity and cardiac autonomic modulation
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Changes in autonomic modulation are found in depressive patients. QT dispersion is a convenient measure of cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM). As both QT dispersion and depression are related to changes in CAM, this study aimed to examine if there was an association between depression severity and QT dispersion. The selected sample (n = 60) derived from 236 women who were recruited via a campaign for breast cancer prevention. The women selected to participate were all non-smokers and were not taking any drug that could interfere with the results. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 women were selected. QT dispersion (QTd) and rate-corrected QTd (QTcD) were calculated in 37 physically and mentally healthy women and 23 nontreated depressive women. Univariate ANOVA(s) were used to test group differences. The 17-item Ham- ilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS17) was scored to measure depression severity. The relationship between depression severity and cardiac autonomic modulation was analyzed by the best curve that fit the raw data of the HDRS17 scores and the QT dispersion variables. The QTd and QTcD were significantly smaller in non-depressed in relation to the depressed women. The best curve that fit the raw data of depression severity (HDRS17) and the two measurements of cardiac autonomic modulation (QTd and QTcD) was a cubic equation for both QTd and QTcD. An increase in QTd and QTcD were observed until the HDRS17 score reached 20 points. There is a significant positive relationship between depression severity and cardiac autonomic mod- ulation in mild and moderate depression