Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Overview of intracoronary brachytherapy for in-stent restenosis of a drug-eluting stent
Get PDFPercutaneous coronary intervention with stenting is considered recently as the most common procedure for the treatment of symptomatic coronary. The article reviewed 41 studies published during 1997-2019 on intracoronary brachytherapy for in-stent restenosis of a drug-eluting stent. Intracoronary radiation therapy was finally confirmed in the setting of in-stent restenosis using as adjunctive therapy. Irradiation dose to vessels may result in fibrosis, which can, in turn, cause the late formation of an aneurysm due to the weakness of the vessel wall. Intracoronary brachytherapy is a critical treatment which should not be ignore
A Study on the Frequency of Intestinal Parasites in Patients Referred to Laboratories of Two Hospitals Affiliated with Ardabil University of Medical Sciences In 2018
Get PDFBackground & objectives: Parasitic diseases are one of the health problems of all societies and are considered as barriers to progress socioeconomic development, especially in most developing countries. This study evaluated the frequency of intestinal parasites in patients referred to hospitals affiliated with Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in 2018.
Methods: a total of 409 stool samples were collected from laboratories of Imam Khomeini and Bouali hospitals and then transferred to the parasitology lab in the medical and paramedical school. Samples were evaluated using direct, concentration and culture methods. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21.
Results: Out of 409 samples, 22 cases (4.5%) were infected with intestinal parasites. Among them, 5.3% and 5.4% of infected cases were men and women respectively. Also, the rate of infection to the protozoans and helminths was 3.7% and 1.7% respectively. Among the positive cases, the highest percentage of infection was related to Giardia and Blastocystis.
The infection rate of each parasite among all patients and positive cases was 1.2% and 22.7% respectively.
Conclusion: The present study showed that intestinal protozoan infection, especially Giardia lamblia and Blastocystis hominis are high in Ardabil city, and therefore special infection control measures are urgently neede
Relationship between Socio-Demographic Factors and the Prevalence of Abuse among the Elderly Population Covered by Health Centers in Kashan
Get PDFAims: Growth of the elderly population has led to an increase in the prevalence of abuse against them, which is considered a major social health problem in today's communities. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between socio-demographic factors and the prevalence of abuse among the elderly population covered by health centers in Kashan.
Instruments and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study in 2014, 500 elderly people over 60 years covered by health centers in Kashan were selected through multistage cluster sampling. The domestic elder abuse questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21, using Chi-square and logistic regression analysis.
Findings: The mean age of the study population was 72.07±9.03 years. The prevalence of emotional neglect, neglect of care, and financial neglect, divest, experienced psychological abuse, financial abuse, physical abuse, and rejection was 6.8%, 8.29%, 2.35%, 6.37%, 45%, 2.41%, 22.45%, and 16.6%, respectively. A significant statistical relationship was observed between the abuse and age (p=0.001), number of children (p=0.001), marital status (p=0.011), the living conditions of elder with family (p=0.001), having disease (p=0.029), and having the ability to walk (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Adults with a higher age, more children, without a spouse, living with a child, and having a history of illness and inability to walk are more exposed to abuse
Air pollutants associated with smoking in indoor/outdoor of waterpipe cafés in Tehran, Iran: Concentrations, affecting factors and health risk assessment
No full textDespite increasingly growth in waterpipe smoking in Tehran, so far no study has been conducted on the air quality of the waterpipe and cigarette cafés. Thirty-six cafés were selected and the concentration of three pollutants including formaldehyde, carbon monoxide and nicotine were measured in both indoor and outdoor air of cafés two times (week-day and weekend’s session). Air sampling was performed for 180 min for each pollutant. It was observed that the concentration of pollutants inside the cafés was higher during weekend session (with a higher number of “active waterpipe heads”) compared with findings during the week-day sessions. Furthermore, the concentration of pollutants in the indoor air of the cafés was significantly higher than that of the outdoors (p < 0.05). According to path analysis, the number of “active waterpipe heads” had the maximum impact on generation of pollutants inside the cafés, followed by the type of tobacco as the second influential factor. The average of lifetime cancer risk (LTCR) resulted by formaldehyde exposure through inhalation in waterpipe (WS), cigarette (CS), waterpipe and cigarette (WCS) and none-smoking (NS) cafés in week-day and weekend sessions were estimated to be 111 × 10−5 and 61.2 × 10−5, 33.7 × 10−5 and 39.4 × 10−5, 271 × 10−5 and 322 × 10−5, and 4.80 × 10−5 and 5.90 × 10−5, respectively, which exceed the limit value by the U.S.EPA and WHO. The concentration of pollutants in the indoor air of smoking cafés in Tehran is significantly high, such that it can pose serious risks for the health of both personnel and customers. Therefore, decision makers are expected to enact applicable and strict policies so as to abate this public health risk
A study on the Frequency of Ectopic Eruption of Permanent First Molar and Canine in Patients Presenting to the university of Ardabil School of Dentistry, 2016- 2018
Get PDFBackground & objectives: Ectopic eruption is a disorder in which the tooth does not follow its usual course and if not diagnosed in a timely manner, leads to occlusal problems. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of ectopic eruption of the first permanent molar and canine in patients referred to Ardabil dental school.
Methods: By observing the panoramic radiographs, recorded from 2016 to 2017, the frequency of ectopic eruption of first permanent molars in children aged 5 to 8 years and permanent canine in children aged 10 to 13 years was determined. The frequency distribution based on sex, involved jaw, unilaterality and bilaterality were evaluated using Chi-Square test.
Results: the frequency of ectopic eruption of the first permanent molar and permanent canine was 2.1% and 6.4% respectively. There was no significant difference in the frequency of ectopic eruption of the first molar, based on the patient's gender (p=0.366), jaw (p=0.132), and unilateral or bilateral involvement (p=0.366).Also, there was no significant difference between the frequency of ectopic eruption of permanent canine and the patient's gender (p=0.384), unilateral or bilateral involvement (p=0.056). The ectopic eruption of the permanent canine in the maxilla was greater than the mandible (p=0.012).
Conclusions: In this study, the frequency values of ectopic eruption were 2.1% and 6.4% for the first permanent molar and permanent canine respectively that were in the range of other studies reported from other populations
A Review of Data Quality Assessment in Emergency Medical Services
Get PDFAbstract
Introduction:
Data quality is an important issue in emergency medicine. The unique characteristics of emergency care services, such as high turn-over and the speed of work may increase the possibility of making errors in the related settings. Therefore, regular data quality assessment is necessary to avoid the consequences of low quality data. This study aimed to identify the main dimensions of data quality which had been assessed, the assessment approaches, and generally, the status of data quality in the emergency medical services.
Methods:
The review was conducted in 2016. Related articles were identified by searching databases, including Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed and Web of Science. All of the review and research papers related to data quality assessment in the emergency care services and published between 2000 and 2015 (n=34) were included in the study.
Results:
The findings showed that the five dimensions of data quality; namely, data completeness, accuracy, consistency, accessibility, and timeliness had been investigated in the field of emergency medical services. Regarding the assessment methods, quantitative research methods were used more than the qualitative or the mixed methods. Overall, the results of these studies showed that data completeness and data accuracy requires more attention to be improved.
Conclusion:
In the future studies, choosing a clear and a consistent definition of data quality is required. Moreover, the use of qualitative research methods or the mixed methods is suggested, as data users’ perspectives can provide a broader picture of the reasons for poor quality data
Comparison of accuracy of three instruments APACHEII, SOFA and MPM II in predicting mortality rate in patients of the intensive care units of hospitals affiliated to Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
Get PDFBackground and aims: APACHEII, SOFA and MPM II scales are one of the most common and reliable universal scoring systems in the world, With the help of them, the recovery and mortality rate for patients in the intensive care unit can be predicted. Therefore; the present study was conducted to compare the accuracy of these tools in predicting the mortality rate of patients in intensive care unit of hospitals affiliated to Ardabil university of medical sciences.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out with 150 patients hospitalized in the intensive care units of hospitals affiliated to Ardabil university of medical sciences in 2017. The enterance criterias in our study include hospitalized admission to the intensive care unit at least 24 hours, patients older than 18 years, had not heart surgery and burn, and had satisfaction. The data collection tools were a demographic form, questionnaire of SOFA, APACHEII and MPMII. The data collection lasted for three months. Data enterned to SPSS software version 23. They analyzed by using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and analytical (logistic regression, Pearson correlation, sensitivity and specificity).
Results: The results showed that 85 patients (55.2%) were male. The mean age of patients was 19.62 ± 60.74 years. The duration of hospitalization was 10.17 ± 10.34 days. 52 (34.7%) patients of 150 patients died. To investigate the effective factors of estimate mortality, Logistic regression model used. The results showed that none of the factors such as type of hospital, gender, age, duration of hospitalization, duration of intubation, diagnosis and GCS were not effective on mortality. In the study of the accuracy of three instruments, the mean percent predicted mortality by APACHEII was 32.21%, SOFA was 32.50% and MPMII was 64.01%. The sensitivity and specificity of APACHEII were 83% and 48%, SOFA 79% and 46%, and MPMII 73% and 50% respectively.
Conclusion: The variety of predictive tools for patients' mortality, and the confusion and differences between the members of the treatment team in selecting and applying them, necessitate the selection of an appropriate high-accuracy instrument based on scientific data. Therefore; considering that Apache 2 scoring system in our research compared with other two instruments showed higher accuracy in predicting mortality, it is recommended to use it as a priority
Effects of Capparis spinosa L. Alcoholic Extract on the Cellular Viability of Rat Pancreatic Islets
Get PDFObjective: Plants from ancient time use to cure several diseases and many of these medicinal plants show anti-diabetic activity. Capparis spinosa L. belongs to the Capparidaceae family and was reported to have many pharmacological activities such as cytotoxic, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, antioxidant effect and many others. It has very active chemical groups such as alkaloids, phenolic, flavonoids, tannins and many other minerals. Phenol compounds in plants have antioxidant activity and ability to scavenger free radicals, because that these secondary metabolites have beneficial effects to human health. Flower bud pickles of that traditionally are used as food by diabetic patient to anti-diabetic effects. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of C.spinosa alcoholic extract on cellular Viability of rat pancreatic islets.
Material and Method: In this experimental study, following laparotomy, pancreases of
rats were removed and the islets isolated and incubated in vitro for 24 hours. Logarithmic
doses of plant materials were added to the islets and incubated for an additional 24 hours
after which the viability of the cells and production of reactive oxygen species were measured.
Results: The C.spinosa bud alcoholic extract markedly increased survival of the islet cells. This effect increased by increasing the doses of extract and greatest effects were observed in doses 103 and 104 (P valu<0.001) μg/ml. at a dose of 103 μgmL-1 (p<0.01) and dose of 104 μgmL-1 (P valu<0.001) a remarkable reduction was observed in ROS production which decreased to 37% of that of the control in dose 103 μgmL-1 and 72% in dose 104 μgmL-1 observed.
Conclusion: Based on these results, we suggest that, because one of the reasons for diabetes is damage the pancreases islet cells, C.spinosa can evaluate for use in diabetes prophylaxis and treatment
Clinical, immunologic, and genetic spectrum of 696 patients with combined immunodeficiency
No full textBackground
Combined immunodeficiencies (CIDs) are diseases of defective adaptive immunity with diverse clinical phenotypes. Although CIDs are more prevalent in the Middle East than Western countries, the resources for genetic diagnosis are limited.
Objectives
This study aims to characterize the categories of patients with CIDs in Iran clinically and genetically.
Methods
Clinical and laboratory data were obtained from 696 patients with CIDs. Patients were subdivided into those with syndromic (344 patients) and nonsyndromic (352 patients) CIDs. Targeted DNA sequencing was performed on 243 (34.9%) patients.
Results
The overall diagnostic yield of the 243 sequenced patients was 77.8% (189 patients). The clinical diagnosis of hyper-IgE syndrome (P < .001), onset of disease at greater than 5 years (P = .02), and absence of multiple affected family members (P = .04) were significantly more frequent in the patients without a genetic diagnosis. An autosomal recessive disease was found in 62.9% of patients, reflecting the high rate of consanguinity in this cohort. Mutations impairing VDJ recombination and DNA repair were the most common underlying causes of CIDs. However, in patients with syndromic CIDs, autosomal recessive mutations in ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), autosomal dominant mutations in signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and microdeletions in 22q11.21 were the most commonly affected genomic loci. Patients with syndromic CIDs had a significantly lower 5-year survival rate rather than those with nonsyndromic CIDs.
Conclusions
This study provides proof of principle for the application of targeted next-generation sequencing panels in countries with limited diagnostic resources. The effect of genetic diagnosis on clinical care requires continued improvements in therapeutic resources for these patients
The Survey of perceived ethical problems in clinical environments and its relation to moral distress in students of Ardabil University of medical sciences.
Get PDFBackground and Purpose:Medicals students are facing a lot of moral problems during their study in clinical settings. Students' modeling of the educational environment may lead to an attitude contrary to the recipients of health care. Ethical distress caused by observing ethical problems also causes tension in students and reduces learning motivation. The combination of these factors greatly affects the health system of the country. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of "determining the mean of perceived ethical problems in clinical settings and its relationship with the severity of moral distress in students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in 2016".
Method: This is a descriptive-correlational study that was conducted on 600 students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences using stratified sampling method. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS21 and descriptive and analytical statistics.
Results: The findings showed that 27.7% of students participated at the ethics workshop.72.2% of them said they are reporting the ethical problems of their educational environment.there was also a positive correlation between ethical problems and moral distress ( p= 0.001 , r =0.61).most of the ethical problems related to the field of diagnosis and treatment (50.68±17.48 and 47.86±15.24) and there was a positive correlation coefficient between them(r =0.63 , p= 0.001).the mean of moral distress was more in the operating room and girl students,and this difference was statically significant (p<0.001.
Conclusion: The results showed that there is a relationship between ethical problems in the clinical environment and moral distress among students of Ardabil University of medical sciences. University officials should adopt the necessary measures and measures to reduce the factors affecting the development of distress in clinical settings