Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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The effect of Low Level laser Therapy (LLLT) on the improvement of dry socket pain
Get PDFIntroduction: Dry socket is one of the most prevalent complications after tooth extraction, and various studies have confirmed LLLT,s effect on it. This study also aims to effect of Low Level laser Therapy (LLLT) on the improvement of dry socket pain.
Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 60 patients with dry socket diagnosis of mandibular third molars were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 30. In the first group, the laser received placebo in three sessions (day one, three, six); In the second group, a GaAl laser with a wavelength of 635 nm with a frequency of 20000 Hz and 15 J and a pulse duration of 0.05 ms for 3 sessions (day 1, 3, 6) was performed on patients. The patient also reported pain on a daily basis for up to 3 days with a visual analog scale (VAS). Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.
Results: The results of this study showed that the mean of dry socket pain was almost same in the placebo group at different times, which was not statistically significant; but in the experimental group, the mean pain intensity decreased with use of Low Level laser Therapy (LLLT), which was statistically significant. Also, the interactive effects between these two variables showed that the Experimental practice (using LLLT) in interaction with time has a significant effect on Dry Socket pain (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: In Overall, the results of this study showed that pain reduction in patients with dry socket treated with low-level laser therapy they were significantly more than those treated with placebo; therefore, prescribed low-level laser Therapy Compared to traditional treatments by dentists can be used as a good alternative to reducing of Dry socket pain
A case series report of Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis (CRMO) patients and it’s etiologic relationship with MEFV Gene mutations
Get PDFBackground and Objective: CRMO is an inflammatory disease that occurs more often in children.The clinical manifestations are periodic fever, pain and bone lesions especially in long bones. Most Children show symptoms such as limping and tenderness in the affected areas. CRMO diagnosed after bone marrow biopsy and MRI rules out other diseases, such as bone tumors and bacterial osteomyelitis
Methods: Blood samples were taken from all patients diagnosed with CRMO from June 2011 until September 2018.The samples were screened for the 12 common pathogenic variants by an RDB assay (FMF StripAssay, Vienna lab, Vienna, Austria) according to manufacturer’s instructions. Consequently, twelve common mutations consisting E148Q in exon 2, P369S in exon 3, F479L in exon 5 and M680I (G/C), M680I (G/A), I692del, M694V, M694I, K695R, V726A, A744S, and R761H in exon 10 were determined.
Result: 9 patients were enrolled in this study, eight were male. The most common involvement location was tibia and the least common location was zygoma, calcaneus and radius. Regarding the duration of the involvement, the mean duration of the involvement in male was 3.1±1.3 years and in female was 1±0,0 year and in total was 1.2±1. 2 years.6 patients had only 1 involvement location, 2 patients had 2 involvements and 1 patient had three locations involved. Two patients had positive MEFV gene mutation, both of them were male. One patient had E148Q/Wt heterozygote mutation and the other had K695R/Wt heterozygote.
Conclusion: There was no meaningful relationship between the age onset of disease and sex. There was also no meaningful correlation between the MEFV gene mutations in patients and gender, age and location of involvement. There is a significant relationship between MEFV gene mutation and multiple locations of involvement and long duration of involvemen
Comparative study of the efficacy of Remifentanil for controlling labor pain when used both alone and in combination with Dexamethasone
Get PDFAims and background: Labor pain is often severe. Unrelieved labor pain can have an adverse effect on the physiologic status of the women in labor. Accurate measurement and appropriate management of pain is a significant problem for attending medical and nursing personnel. There are several options for controlling labor pain. Each method has its own risks and benefits, with variations in effectiveness, availability and acceptability. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of remifentanil when used with and without dexamethasone in women undergoing a normal vaginal delivery. Materials and methods: In this study 90 pregnant women were selected from the pregnant women referred to Alavi Hospital. Group A received Remifentanil with Dexamethasone and Group B received Remifentanil alone. The pain scores based on VAS were measured before the intervention and 30, 60, and 120 minutes after the intervention. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS. Findings: Pain severity according to the VAS score was significantly lower in patients that received remifentanil with dexamethasone 30, 60 and 120 min after the intervention compared to the other group. Analysis of the pooled risk differences showed that nausea, vomiting and headache were significantly higher in remifentanil alone users. There wasn’t a significant difference in FHR or Apgar in the 1st and 5th minute between the two groups. Conclusion: The use of remifentanil with dexamethasone has more of a beneficial effect for many parturient women compared to remifentanil
Evaluation of etiology and treatment trend of patients with first seizure admitted to Alavi Ardabil hospital during 2017 – 2018
Get PDFBackground and objective: Seizure is one of the most important neurological conditions. It is necessary to obtain data related to the etiology, diagnosis, therapeutic process and outcome of first seizure to develop and improve the services to these patients. The present study way to investigate the etiology and therapeutic trend of the patient referred with the first seizure to the Alavi Ardabil medical education center.
Methods: All patients referred to Alavi Ardabil medical education center for the first seizure were enrolled in the census at the years 96 – 97. At the first step, based on the objectives of the study, the data collection table complied in the form of data collection. At the second step, the information needed for each patient including age, sex, seizure type ,status seizure, abnormal findings in imaging, abnormal findings in the EEG, types of initial treatment, abnormal laboratory findings, types of maintenance treatment and family history of seizure were collected by studying the patient̕ s records, asking the physician and asking the patient himself. At the next step, after discharging the patients from the hospital, each patient was followed up for 2 months, and the required information including seizure recurrence, side effects of taking antiepileptic drugs and method of drug using for each patient was assembled. After completing the sampling and collecting data, patient̕ s information analyzed using SPSS software version 21 in accordance with the objectives of the study.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 42.9 17.9 years, and the majority of patients were between the ages of 30 – 39 years. In this study, 26 patients were men (53.06 %), and the rest were women. 95.8 % of the subjects had no family history of seizure. The most common cause of seizure in both sexes was vascular diseases. The highest incidence in both sexes was focal seizure, and 2 cases were status seizure. Most of the MRIs (53.2%) had no specific findings, and were reported to be normal. The most frequent finding in the MRI was ischemic changes. 29 cases (57%) were normal and had no abnormal findings. The most abnormal laboratory findings were hypocalcaemia with 21 patients (42.7%).The highest rate of treatment received during the first seizure period was Diazepam and Depakine. The most used maintenance treatment was Depakine. The most common side effects of the drugs were nausea and fatigue, and there was a statistics relationship between seizure recurrence and irregular drug intake or discontinuation of the drug.
Conclusion: Regarding to the fact that recurrence of seizure and occurrence of side effects of drugs in patient with first seizure is much more related to discontinuation of the drugs, it is recommended that doctors explain the side effects of the drugs and the importance of continuity the patients diet, when patients discharge from the hospital, and these patients should be kept under constant follow up for drug use
Comparison of the Effects of MnO2-NPs and MnO2-MPs on Mitochondrial complexes in Different Organs
No full textToday, nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used in various fields. Manganese oxide nanoparticles have attracted a lot of attention due to many applications. One of the major concerns regarding the widespread use of various NPs is the exposure and accumulation in human organs and finally toxicity. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by mitochondria is one of the most important mechanisms of toxicity suggested by published studies induced by other NPs. However, limited studies have been conducted on the mechanism of toxicity of MnO2-NPs and MnO2-microparticles (MnO2-MPs). In this study, we compared the accumulation of MnO2-NPs and MnO2-MPs in different tissues and evaluated their effects on mitochondrial complexes in isolated mitochondria. Our results showed that intravascular (iv) administration of the MnO2-NPs in the same dose compared to the MnO2-MPs resulted in more accumulation in the C57 mouse female tissues. The effect of MnO2-NPs and MnO2-MPs in mitochondria showed that complexes I and III play an important role in increasing ROS generation and this effect is related to type of tissue. Also, our results showed that exposure to MnO2-NPs and MnO2-MPs reduced the activity of mitochondrial complexes II and IV. Our results suggest that the toxicity of the MnO2-NPs is higher than that of the MnO2-MPs and can lead to the depletion of antioxidant status, likely induction of apoptosis, cancer, and neurodegenerative disease
Comparison of serum level of HSP70 in mothers with complicated and uncomplicated preeclampsia
Get PDFBackground and Objective: Pathophysiology of preeclampsia has remained unknown. Excessive maternal systemic inflammatory response to pregnancy along with systemic oxidative stress is one of the underlying theories. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are intracellular proteins which are expressed in cell during stress responses. In normal pregnancy, circulating HSP70 levels are decreased and it was suggested to be elevated in several pregnancy complications. The role of circulating HSP70 in normal and pathological pregnancies is not fully known. The aim of this study was to evaluate of serum Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) in patients with preeclampsia and complications of preeclampsia.
Methods: This cohort study was performed on 80 patients with preeclampsia in Alavi hospital in Ardabil in 2017. These patients were followed up during the study until the end of pregnancy. Case group was patients with any of the complications (HELLP, Preterm labor, IuGR), and control group was patients without of complication.Serum HSP70 levels were measured using ELISA method in patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 19), independent t-test, and Mann-Whitney tests. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: In this study, the mean of total gestational age in patients was 33.95 ± 3.54 (32.23 ± 2.88 in the case group and 36.66 ± 17.3 in the control group) and there was significance difference between the two groups. HELLP syndrome was seen in 3.3% of the patients and 20% had IuGR, 28% had preterm delivery and 45% had no complications. The serum level of HSP70 was 22.69 ± 11.72 in the case group and 14.77 ± 3.32 in the uncomplicated group. There was a statistically significant difference between two groups in terms of serum HSP70 level.
Conclusion: Serum HSP70 levels in patients with preeclampsia was higher than those with normal pregnancy. Serum HSP70 is not only be a marker for these conditions, it may also play an important role in pathogenesis of preeclampsi
Hepatitis B infection
Get PDFHepatitis B virus (HBV) is an etiological agent of hepatitis B infection. Hepatitis B is a life-threatening disease that affects the liver. The clinical outcomes of the disease are varied from asymptomatic disease to serious complication such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite availability of the vaccine and appropriate treatment, hepatitis B infection still remains a major public health problem worldwide. Based on WHO reports, over 887.000 people die annually from hepatitis B complication including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatitis B is very contagious and spreads through infected blood, body fluids, mother to baby during birth, contaminated needle and between sexual partners. HBV uses sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) receptor to enter hepatocytes and by replicating in these cells interferes with liver functions. In fact liver damage is as result of virus multiplication and activation of immune responses especially virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) against infected cells. CTLs and CD4Th1 cells by killing infected cells and releasing antiviral cytokines control virus replication in infected individuals. Also, the functions of these cells in patients who successfully clear the infection are potentially strong. In contrast to acute self-limited HBV infection in persistent HBV infection, these cells are exhausted. Several studies have showed that the great challenge in clearance of the HBV infection is related to stability of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). cccDNA produce in viral life cycle and remains inside the infected cells for a long time and act as a template for generating new pre-genomic RNA and virus propagation. So far, no antiviral treatment has been effective in the complete elimination of this structure. Prevention of the disease can be achieved by using effective vaccine. Previous studies indicated that neutralizing antibodies against surface antigen of the virus known as S antigen have protective properties. Therefore, a subunit vaccine containing S antigen is available. Currently S antigen is produced in recombinant form and WHO recommended the first dose should be given within a day of birth. Pegylated IFN-γ and nucleotide-nucleoside analogues are effective drugs against HBV infection, but they may have severe side effects. Ineffectiveness of the vaccine on premature infants and immunocompromised people and also drug side effects has made HBV infection a great trouble
Psychometric properties of the Farsi version of the women’s perceptions of vaginal examination during labor questionnaire
No full textBackground: Vaginal examination is the essential part of obstetric care in women's life. Although the assessment of women's perceptions of vaginal examination is important, no appropriate instrument in Farsi is available. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate validity and reliability of the Farsi version of the women's perceptions of vaginal examination during labor questionnaire. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out with 350 women who had vaginal childbirth between December 2016 and May 2017. The women were asked to fill out the demographic characteristics' form and the women's perceptions of vaginal examination during labor questionnaire. Construct validity, internal consistency, and stability of the questionnaires were evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis, calculation of the Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and Spearman–Brown correlation coefficient, respectively. The SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) v. 21 and LISREL (linear structural relations) 8.80 were used for the data analysis. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the Farsi version of the women's perceptions of vaginal examination during labor questionnaire had appropriate structure. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was reported as 0.76. The Spearman–Brown correlation coefficient also showed an appropriate test–retest reliability. Conclusion: Validity and reliability of this questionnaire can appropriately measure the women's perceptions of vaginal examination during labor among Iranian women