Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Molecular mechanism and cytotoxicity of allicin and all-trans retinoic acid against CD44+ versus CD117+ melanoma cells
No full textBackground
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is a differentiating agent that inhibits cancer cell growth during the cell cycle. However, despite its potent antitumor properties, some melanoma cells are resistant to ATRA therapy.
Purpose
Here, we hypothesized that allicin can sensitize malignant melanoma cells to ATRA treatment. To clarify this mechanism, we determined the sensitivity to ATRA, allicin and allicin/ATRA in CD44+ and CD117+ melanoma cell subpopulations.
Methods
The CD44+ and CD117+ cells were sorted from A375 melanoma cell line using the magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS). The potential anticancer effects of ATRA, allicin and allicin/ATRA were examined using cell proliferation MTT assay. In addition, flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle arrest. The efficacy of the treatments in controlling cancer cell proliferation was assessed by quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Results
Here, we demonstrated that CD44+ melanoma cells were more resistant to allicin and ATRA than CD117+ cells. Importantly, we observed that allicin sensitized melanoma cell to ATRA-induced cell death. The combination treatment with allicin and ATRA significantly reduced the IC50 value obtained for ATRA alone in CD44+ melanoma cells. In CD44+ cells, the IC50 value of ATRA was 37.43 ± 0.54, while the IC50 value of allicin/ATRA treatment was 17.53 ± 0.2 µM. Allicin treatment resulted in significant increases in the percentage of cells at the G2/M and G0/G1 phases in the CD44+ and CD117+ cells, respectively. The combination treatment caused the inhibition of CD44+ and CD117+ melanoma cells at the S phases compared to ATRA alone. Allicin, ATRA, and allicin/ATRA increased the expression of cyclin D1 mRNA in both CD44+ and CD117+ cells. Allicin combination with ATRA increased the mRNA level of RARβ in CD117+ cells. Furthermore, allicin alone caused a remarkable reduction of MMP-9 mRNA expression in both CD44+ and CD117+ cells. In contrast, ATRA and the combination treatment significantly increased MMP-9 gene expression in CD44+ cells.
Conclusion
Overall, our results indicate that allicin reinforces the ATRA-mediated inhibitory effects on CD44+ and CD117+ melanoma cells and may provide a new approach for the treatment of malignant melanoma
Evaluation of Effective Factors on Symptom-to-Balloon Time, Medical History and Prognosis in Patients with STEMI Treated with Primary PCI in Ardebil Province
Get PDFBackground and objective: In the last decade, cardiovascular diseases has been recognized as the leading cause of mortality and morbidity all over the world, and also the most common causes of death in the country. Coronary Artery Disease is most important kind of it and STEMI is most dangerous kind of ACS. The aim of this study was to investigate the effective factors on STBT, Medical History and Prognosis in Patients with STEMI Treated with Primary PCI in Ardebil Province.
Methods: The research method is a cross-sectional and analytical-descriptive study. The research sample included all patients with diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction with ST elevation, which had been referred to the Emergency Department of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardabil from the beginning of September 2016 to the end of September 2017. Data collection was done by using the information in the patients’ files, the corresponding Cath lab form and a questionnaire by interviewing themselves and patients' companions and were recorded in the relevant checklist. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation tests with SPSSV22 software.
Results: More prevalence in men was detected and there was significant difference between the age averages of genders. The mean time from symptom onset to referral to hospital 247 was 211.64(±206.84) mins. Also the average of Door-to-Balloon and Symptom-to-Balloon Time were calculated 101.36(±107.07) and 304.98(±235.48). Referral time was involved with type of medical insurance, residence location and delay in making decision (P>0.05). Door-to-Balloon process was done in 90 mins (standard time) for 65% of patients. The most delay in hospital was associated with door to code time. There was significant relationship between referral time and mortality in 6 months after discharge (P=0.007).
Conclusion: According to the findings, the promotion of healthy lifestyle and awareness of the angina (CP), risk factors of CAD and focusing on referral time can reduce the incidence of heart disease and improve the prognosis of patients with acute MI treated with primary PCI. The correction of defects in performance of PPCI (code 247) specially in emergency ward (door to code time) can improve the results
Compare the effect of low laser therapy on controlling the pain fallowing the crown lenght
Get PDFIntroduction :The effect of low level laser therapy on pain reduction after oral surgery, including crown length, has not been confirmed and is controversial in the studies discussed.
Aim :The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of low level laser on pain reduction after crown length
Materials and Methods: The current study was a clinical trial and the sample size was estimated to be 30. Clinically, 15 patients received laser radiation immediately after surgery and the rest of the patients were subjected irradiation after surgery. Then, the pain levels of the patients were examined on the same day of laser radiation ,the third day and the seventh day. The data were analyzed using t-test and chi-square tests using spss20 software. P-value less than 0/05 was considered as an important statistic.
Results: The mean of pain of those who were exposed to laser therapy after surgery was less than placebo patients and this difference was statistically significant.
Conclusion: In the present study, the findings showed that low level laser therapy can reduce the severity of pain after crown length surger
Assessing cardiac prodromal symptom and psychometric properties of two prodromal symptom screening scales in patient with acute coronary syndrome at Ardabil Imam Khomeini hospital
Get PDFIntroduction: Prodromal symptoms are warning symptoms of an impending Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). The present study was conducted for (1) developing Acute Coronary Syndromes-Screening Scale (ACS-SS); (2) investigating the psychometric properties of the Prodromal Symptoms-Screening Scale (PS-SS), and ACS-SS, and (3) the frequency of prodromal symptoms.
Methods: In the first step, to determine the ACS-SS items, a literature review was performed and 70 prodromal symptoms were extracted. The content validity and opinions of the researchers were used to reducing the number of the items. One hundred and thirteen patients diagnosed with ACS completed the 22 derived items and using the Exploratory Factor Analysis, items and dimensions of the ACS-SS were determined. In the second step, after the translation of PS-SS, the final version of the PS-SS, ACS-SS and the checklist of 70 items for investigating the psychometric properties and the frequency of prodromal symptoms were completed by196 patients with ACS and 205 healthy people in terms of cardiac status. Reliability and validity of the scales were assessed, and the PS-SS sensitivity and specificity was calculated.
Results: Chest pain (61.7%), diaphoresis (55.6%), and anxiety (50.5%) were the most common prodromal symptoms in this study. In determining the factor structure of both instruments, goodness of fit indices including IFI, CFI, and GFI (above 0.9), and internal consistency confirmed the PS-SS single-factor and the ACS-SS four-factor structures.
Considering the higher scores in the patient group than in the healthy group (p <0.001), the criterion validity of both scales was confirmed, but the sensitivity and specificity of PS-SS were calculated at the best state with the cut-off point of 18.5, 65.3 and 52.7.
Conclusion: This study confirmed the ACS-SS psychometric properties and showed that ACS-SS is an appropriate tool for screening ACS prodromal symptoms. It was also shown that despite the confirmation psychometric properties of PS-SS, due to its low sensitivity and specificity, this tool has no diagnostic value for screening ACS in Iran
Knowledge toward epilepsy among Ardabil Medical University students: North-West of Iran
Get PDFBackground: Medical university students is a better group of society that should be had correct and good knowledge about healthcare issues such as epilepsy. Epilepsy is a common neurologic disease that caused to many problems in patient’s life. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of medical students toward epilepsy in Ardabil province.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted in Ardabil province (Northwest of Iran) in 2017. Over a one-month period, 130 students selected randomly from all medical, paramedical, nursing and health students and completed the self-administered questionnaire which provided for this study. Collected data analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS version 19.
Results: Of all students, 83.1% were girls and rests of them were boy. Of all students 20% had good and 56.2% had moderate knowledge about epilepsy. Many of students in all fields had moderate knowledge and there wasn’t significant relation between field, semester and knowledge rate. Most of boys with 54.5% had week and most of girls with 58.3% had moderate knowledge and there was significant relation between sex and knowledge rate.
Conclusions: Results showed that most of students in this study had moderate knowledge about epilepsy. Students had poor knowledge about important point about diseases such as treatment, diagnosis. Providing necessary training programs for knowing this disease in future for students is essential
Exposure to Antineoplastic Agents Induces Cytotoxicity in Nurse Lymphocytes: Role of Mitochondrial Damage and Oxidative StressExposure to Antineoplastic Agents Induces Cytotoxicity in Nurse Lymphocytes: Role of Mitochondrial Damage and Oxidative Stress
Get PDFCytotoxicity and mitochondrial parameters were studied in isolated lymphocytes and their mitochondria obtained from occupationally exposed nurses through inhalation exposure to antineoplastic drugs and results were compared to those of unexposed nurses. The group of occupationally exposed nurses consisted of 50 individuals ranging in age from 30 to 35 years. The control group included 50 nurses who were not occupationally exposed to the preparation and handling of antineoplastic drugs and their anthropometric and biochemical characteristics were similar to those of the expose group. All cytotoxicity and mitochondrial parameters evaluated in exposed group were significantly increased (P <0.05) compared to the unexposed control group. Finally, the results of our study suggest that using antioxidant, mitochondrial and lysosomal protective agents can be promising drug candidates for the hospital staff in the risk of exposure to exposure to antineoplastic drug
Molecular modeling of indeno[1,2-b]quinoline-9,11-diones as cytotoxic agents
Get PDFAbstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is an important molecular target for anti-cancer agents due to its involvement in gene expression and protein synthesis which are fundamental steps in cell division and growth. A number of antineoplastic agents interfere with DNA and hence disturb the cell cycle. Compounds including planar aromatic rings are privileged scaffolds in binding to the DNA. This characteristic is mainly arisen from the fact that such structural feature may be appropriate to insert between the base pairs of the DNA double helix and produce relatively stable non-covalent complexes. Besides π-π stacking interactions, binding to the DNA molecule might be intensified through H-bond interactions due to the presence of heterocyclic rings. In the present contribution, a series of experimentally validated cytotoxic indeno [1,2-b] quinoline-9,11-diones (1-12) and their aromatized analogues (13-21) developed in our group were subjected to docking and molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate their most probable binding modes with DNA
Evaluation of positive tuberculosis smear cases in sputum samples of patients with chronic cough in 2018 and 2017 years in Ardabil province
Get PDFBackground and objective: Almost one-third of the world's population (2 billion people) are infected with TB and are at the risk of tuberculosis. Each year about 9 million people develop active TB and 1.5 to 2 million people will die. Obviously, for the exact conclusion of a test, the sample should be collected in the correct way. Obviously, failure to properly process each stage of sampling sputum from the patient can be a waste of time and cost, and consequently a lack of diagnosis of a person's illness. The aim of this study is to determine the number of cases of positive smear in sputum samples taken in patients with chronic cough in the country's protocol for the care of patients over the past 2 years in Ardabil province.
Methods: In this retrospective study that was performed on the results of sputum test in patients with chronic cough. samples from health centers, hospitals, and physicians' offices were assessed by the provincial health center in terms of the positive and demographic characteristics and the sampling efficiency was assessed by the different centers for the positivity of the test.
Results: Out of 6834 samples sent from health centers, 34 samples (0.5%) were positive and out of 2391 samples sent from hospitals, 37 samples (1.3%) were positive, and from 431 Bronchoalveolar lavage samples which all were sent from hospitals, six samples (1.4%) were positive. Totally 71 samples (0.7%) were positive and 9585 (99.3%) cases were reported negative. 24.3% of samples sent from health centers and 5.6% of samples sent from hospitals, did not have a good quality.
Conclusion: At the end of the study, there was a significant relationship between the number of positive samples in the two groups of samples sent from health centers and hospitals, so that the samples sent from the hospital were more positive. There was a significant relationship between the quality of samples in two groups of samples sent from health centers and hospitals, which was superior to the hospital
The Frequency of Laparotomy in Patients with Abdominal Trauma: a Case Study of Fatemi Hospital in Ardabil: 2016
Get PDFBackground & objectives: Trauma is one of the most common causes of death in the age range 1 to 44 and the third cause of death regardless of age. Abdominal trauma is one of the most common types of trauma. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of causes of laparotomy in penetrating and blunt abdominal traumas in 2016.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 120 medical records of patients hospitalized for penetrating and blunt abdominal traumas in Fatemi Hospital, Ardabil, 2016. The inclusion criterion consisted of all patients undergoing laparotomy due to abdominal trauma. In this study, age, gender, education level, type of trauma (blunt or penetrating), results of laparotomy surgery, physical examination and paraclinical findings of patients before operation were collected by a researcher- made checklist.
Results: The results showed that 80% of the patients were male and 35% were in the age range 20-29years. Of patients, 38.3% had penetrating trauma and 61.7% blunt trauma. The most common mechanism of blunt abdominal trauma was car accident (83.8%). Penetrating object was the cause of all penetrating abdominal traumas. Peritoneal stimulation symptoms were observed in 56.5% of penetrating abdominal traumas and 62.2% of blunt abdominal traumas. Hypotension was observed in 21.7% of patients with penetrating abdominal trauma compared with 62.2% in patients with blunt abdominal trauma. The most prevalent damaged organ in patients with blunt trauma was spleen (51.4%). The most prevalent damaged intraabdominal organ was small bowel (17.4%). Negative laparotomy was significantly higher in patients with penetrating trauma than those with blunt trauma (p<0.0001). Moreover, 9.2% of all patients had died and mortality rate was higher in patients with blunt trauma than penetrating trauma (p<0.05) .
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that: 1. Road traffic accident and penetrating object were the most common causes of laparotomy in patients with blunt and penetrating trauma respectively; 2. Spleen and small bowel were the most prevalent damaged organs in blunt and penetrating abdominal trauma respectively and; 3. Young males were at highest risk of abdominal traumas