Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Self-care and its association with some demographic factors in the elderly with chronic diseases referring to medical educational centers of Ardabil in 2018
No full textIntroduction: As people become older, increases the risk of life with chronic diseases, which limits the physical and mental activity of the elderly and leads to lower quality of life. The World Health Organization recommends promoting self-care for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the level of self-care of elderly people with chronic diseases and its
association with some demographic factors.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, ٢٢٢ elderly people with chronic diseases referring to the clinic of Imam Khomeini, Fatemi, Alavi and Bouali Hospitals in Ardabil in ٢٠١٨ were selected by available sampling method. Data were collected using a questionnaire including demographic characteristics and Self-care Ability Scale for the Elderly(SASE). Finally, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analysis in SPSS ١٦ software. In all cases of statistical
analysis, odds ratio calculated by ٩٥% confidence intervals and p-value less than ٠,٠٥ was considered significant.
Results: The mean age of the elderly was ٦٨,٢٥(٧,٦٥) years. ١٩١ (٨٦%) of the elderly had unsatisfactory self-care ability (less than ٦٩) and only ٣١ (١٤%) had good self-care ability (٦٩ and above). Female sex has a significant and direct effect on the chance for good self-care ability, while being married, divorced, and widowed have significant, but inversely effect on chance for good self-care ability.
Conclusions: According to the present study, self-care in the elderly with chronic diseases referring to Ardabil's medical educational centers is in unsatisfactory level, so elaboration and execution of self-care promotion programs for elderly people is a necessity
Investigation the relationship between communication skills and course satisfaction among midwifery and operating room students in Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, 2017
Get PDFBackground and Objective: Effective communication skill, along with other clinical skills, is one of the essential needs for students of different disciplines of medical science. According to studies, also this matter that students how learn to communicate with other people can help them be effective in educational quality. Due to the lack of study on this subject, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between students 'communication skills with their course satisfaction in Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: All midwifery and operating room students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences were entered into this analytical study. Data collection was performed through demographic questionnaire, Queen Dom communication skill and course satisfaction surveys. Data were analyzed by the SPSS18 software using descriptive and analytical statistics methods including t-test and Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: In this study, 98 people of operating room students and 89 people of midwifery students participated, which 38.5% of them were male and 61.5% of them were female. The average age of students was 21.07±1.68 years. Total mean of communication skills was 115±8 and course satisfaction was 58±11. Also, a significant relationship was found between student’s communication skill and their course satisfaction (p≤0.001, r=0.42). Conclusion: In view of the direct relationship between students 'communication skills with their course satisfaction, to increase student’s satisfaction with their course, taking steps to improve students' communication skills is essential.
Effects of Sesame Oil on Reducing Brain Injury and Edema in Experimental Model of Stroke in Rats
Get PDFBackground and purpose: Sesame oil (SO) is known to have antioxidant and anti- inflammatory properties and may produce protective effects against ischemic stroke-induced brain injuries. We examined the effects of treatment with SO on cerebral infarction and edema in a rat model of ischemic stroke. Materials and methods: Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into sham, ischemic, and ischemic+SO (2 ml/kg) groups. Transient focal cerebral ischemia was induced by 60-min occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery followed by 24-hr reperfusion. Neurological sensorimotor deficits were evaluated at the end of the reperfusion period. Thereafter, measurement of the infarct volumes and investigation of ischemic brain edema formation were done. Results: Induction of cerebral ischemia in control group produced considerable brain infarction alongside impaired sensorimotor functions and severely brain edema. Treatment with SO significantly reduced the infarct volume and improved the sensorimotor functions (p<0.01). Additionally, administration of SO significantly lowered ischemic brain edema formation (p<0.001). Conclusion: Treatment with sesame oil can noticeably decrease ischemic brain injury, attenuate edema formation, and improve sensorimotor disabilities
Comparison of analgesic effect of inhaling Entonox with and without paracetamol in control of labor pain in alavi hospital 1396-1397
Get PDFBackground and Objective: Pain is one of the important causes of the unwillingness of pregnant mothers to have vaginal labor. Pain control is a major part of the science of midwifery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Entonox inhalation alone and in combination with paracetamol in controlling the normal labor pain in the delivery room of Alavi hospital in Ardebil.
Methods: In this study, 100 pregnant women who were referred to Alavi hospital in Ardabil were randomly assigned to each block (50 patients) and without any knowledge of the subjects in the Entonox + vein parastemol group and Entonox Were placed. Inclusion criteria include be nolipar (41 to 37 weeks) - active phase of labor – cephalic with out fever or serious systemic illness - absence of fetal distress - absence of mocconia. Antenux + parastemol group (50 cases) is injected intravenously with paracetamol 1 gr and inhaled Entonox and Entonox group (50 cases) under normal saline injection (50 cases) and Entonox inhalation. Patients underwent pulsed oximetry and continuous monitoring of FHR. The questionnaire included age, weight, obstetric history of the pregnant mother, type of analgesia, heart rate, duration of active phase of labor, duration and intervals of uterine contractions, neonatal Apgar score in the first and fifth minutes, pain scores before and after analgesia, and Complications will be completed by women resident in each case. Significant symptoms of the patients (blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate before and after recorded pain and pain scores (VAS) was measured every 30 minutes.
Results: The mean age of the Entonox + Parastomol group was 25.14 ± 8.11 and the mean age of the Entonux group was 22.96 ± 4.95 and the mean age was 24.05 ± 6.78. The mean score of pain in the group of Entonox + venous parastemol was 7.90 ± 2.10 and Entonux group was 8.34 ± 1.44. Patients were evaluated for pain based on VAS pain score after the administration of Entonux gas. The mean score of pain in the Entonox + Parastomol group was 48.31 ± 1.23 and in the Entonx group was 4.38 ± 1.77. The mean of the first minute Apgar in the Entonox group + Vein parastomol was 8.93 with a deviation of 0.39 and 8.96 in the Entonox group with a standard deviation of 0.19. The mean of the fifth minute Apgar was 9.93 in the Entonox + Parastamol group with a deviation of 0.39 and In the Anthonx group, 9.96 was deviating from the standard of 0.19. In the case of vertigo, 7 cases of dizziness complained in the Entonox + venous parastemol group, and this was in the case of Entonox group 2, which showed statistically significant differences in Chi-Square.
Conclusion: Entonox + venous paracetamol has a significant effect on reducing postpartum pain compared to Entonux loneliness. But the dizziness is more than that. There was no significant difference in the other parameters
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Middle-East countries: Meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies
No full textMetabolic syndrome is an important metabolic disorder which impose noticeable burden on health system. We aimed to review and imply the prevalence of it in Middle-East countries.
Methods
present study was a systematic review to present overview about metabolic disorder in Middle East. Electronic literature search of Medline database and Google scholar were done for English-language articles without time filtering, as well as for population-based or national studies of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. The fallowing search terms were used simultaneously: prevalence of “metabolic syndrome” and “national study”, “prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Middle East”, “prevalence of metabolic syndrome” and “name of country”, “metabolic syndrome &name of country”. Additionally, relevant articles in bibliography were searched. Analysis of data was carried out in STATA version 11.0.
Results
out of 456 studies in first-step searching (selecting by title) 59 studies were recruited and reviewed. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome fluctuated by country and time of study. This amount was 2.2–44% in Turkish, 16–41% in Saudi-Arabia, 14–63 in Pakistan, 26–33 in Qatar, 9–36 in Kuwait, 22–50 in Emirate, 6–42 in Iran, and up to 23 in Yemen. Pooled estimate was 25%. Attributable risk for cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, and stroke was 15.87, 11.7, and 16.23, respectively.
Conclusion
The prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome is high and it is noticeable cause for stroke, coronary heart disease, and cardiovascular disease
Study of Chromosomal Abnormalities in Couples with Recurrent Spontaneous Abortions (RSA) in Ardabil Province
Get PDFBackground & objectives: The spontaneous abortion, loss of the fetus until the twentieth week of pregnancy, is one of the most common medical problems in reproductive age. Approximately 15 to 20 percent of all clinically recognized pregnancies lead to abortion. Failure in pregnancy involves economic costs, physical and mental problems for the family and the society. Recurrent spontaneous abortion is a multifactorial phenomenon and this study analyzed chromosomal abnormalities and the prevalence of consanguineous marriages in parents with recurrent spontaneous abortions in Ardabil province.
Methods: A total of 350 patients with at least two spontaneous abortions were analyzed using GTG-banding cytogenetic technique.
Results: Parental chromosomal abnormalities were found in 18 cases (10.28% of couples). Most of abnormalities were structural (72.2%). chromosomal aberrations were found in 10 (55.6%) females and 8 (44.4%) males. Translocations were the most common chromosomal abnormalities (55.6 %) diagnosed in this study. Also, there was a significant correlation between recurrent spontaneous abortion due to consanguineous marriage and chromosomal abnormalities (p<0.05).
Conclusion: According to the significant correlation between recurrent spontaneous abortion and chromosomal abnormalities in this study and previous studies, and also the high rate of consanguineous marriages in Ardabil province population, analysis of chromosomal abnormalities is necessary after genetic counseling for both parents with recurrent spontaneous abortions
comparative study of the infusion of ketorolac and acetaminophen in reducing postoperative pain and opioid consumption in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery of the lower limbs
Get PDFAims and background: Pain is one of the important factors in the acceptance of surgery in patients and may be the most important factor in the fear of surgery. The gold standard for controlling postoperative pain is the use of narcotic drugs, but its use is limited due to side effects. The present study was designed and performed with a comparative study betwwn the effect of infusion of ketorolac and acetaminophen on pain reduction and opioid use after surgery in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery of lower extremities. Materials and Methods: This study is a randomized double blind clinical trial. In this study, 100 patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries in the lower limbs with general anesthesia were randomly assigned to two groups of 50. The first group received 1 gr of acetaminophen every 6 hours intravenously, and the second group received 90 mg of ketorolac in 1 liter of normal saline serum for 24 hours. VAS system was used at 0, 12 and 24 hours to evaluate pain after surgery. In case of pain in patients, Meperidine was injected, and the dose of Meperidine consumed was measured and recorded at the end. Finally, the data was analyzed. Findings: In this study, intravenous administration of acetaminophen was initially less effective than ketorolac infusion, but after 12 hours it was observed that the effect of acetaminophen on pain relief was greater than that of ketorolac. Also, the level of Meperidine was initially lower in the ketorolac group than in the acetaminophen group, but after 12 hours, Meperidine levels increased in the ketorolac group. It was also observed that the rate of nausea and vomiting in the ketorolac infusion group was significantly lower than that of the intravenous acetaminophen recipient group. However, the patient’s satisfaction with acetaminophen was more than that of the ketorolac infusion. conclusion: The results of this study showed that the effect of acetaminophen and ketorolac is different at different times. The pain reduction in the first 12 hours in the ketorolac group and the second 12 hours in the acetaminophen group significantly changed
Potential of Cationic Liposomes as Adjuvants/Delivery Systems for Tuberculosis Subunit Vaccines
No full textThe weakness of the BCG vaccine and its highly variable protective efficacy in controlling tuberculosis (TB) in different age groups as well as in different geographic areas has led to intense efforts towards the development and design of novel vaccines. Currently, there are several strategies to develop novel TB vaccines. Each strategy has its advantages and disadvantages. However, the most important of these strategies is the development of subunit vaccines. In recent years, the use of cationic liposome-based vaccines has been considered due to their capacity to elicit strong humoral and cellular immune responses against TB infections. In this review, we aim to evaluate the potential for cationic liposomes to be used as adjuvants/delivery systems for eliciting immune responses against TB subunit vaccines. The present review shows that cationic liposomes have extensive applications either as adjuvants or delivery systems, to promote immune responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) subunit vaccines. To overcome several limitations of these particles, they were used in combination with other immunostimulatory factors such as TDB, MPL, TDM, and Poly I:C. Cationic liposomes can provide long-term storage of subunit TB vaccines at the injection site, confer strong electrostatic interactions with APCs, potentiate both humoral and cellular (CD4 and CD8) immune responses, and induce a strong memory response by the immune system. Therefore, cationic liposomes can increase the potential of different TB subunit vaccines by serving as adjuvants/delivery systems. These properties suggest the use of cationic liposomes to produce an efficient vaccine against TB infection
The Concept of Nursing Art in the Experiences of Patients with Open Heart Surgery: A Phenomenological Study
Get PDFBackground & aim: In spite of existing documentations and contemporary theories emphasizing on both science and art aspects of nursing, literature review reveals that most of published studies rely on scientific side of nursing. The aim of this study is to explain the concept of nursing as art in the experiences of patients with open heart surgery.
Methods: In current study with an Interpretative Phenomenology approach twenty patients were selected and entered into the study after open heart surgery in open heart surgery units of Vali-e-asr and Fatemeh Al-Zahra Hospitals (Mazandaran-Iran) in 2017. Patients were chosen by purposeful sampling method with maximum variety (age, sex, education…). Data were collected with deep, semi-structured, and individual interviews. All interviews were recorded, handwritten, and interpreted based on the van Manen interpretation phenomenology.
Results: Three main themes were derived after analysis of phenomenon of nursing art as; a) “care by mother as an angel” with sub-themes of compassion, intimacy, sympathy, hope and morale, b) “care beyond expectations and profession” with sub-themes of technical merit and moral merit and c) “permanent presence” with sub-themes of physical presence and psychological presence.
Conclusion: The findings confirmed that participants considered nursing as an art when they received professional nursing care described as "care by mother as an angel". Patient experiences provide a beautiful perspective of nursing which achieving such level of maturity and promotion requires fundamental changes in nurse education with serious consideration to ethical issues, humanity and artistic concepts of nursing
The Effect of Spiritual Self-care Training on the Quality of Life of Mothers of Preterm Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial
No full textThe present study was carried out with the aim of determining the effect of spiritual self-care training on the quality of life of mothers of preterm infants. This trial was carried out on 60 mothers with premature infants. Mothers were randomly divided into two intervention and control groups. Training for increasing awareness about the condition of the infants was carried out in both groups. In the intervention group, spiritual self-care training was also done. Data were completed in both groups before, immediately after, and two weeks after the intervention by using the standard WHO quality of life questionnaire. Data were analysed using statistical tests, including ANOVA and Repeated Measures. The results showed that the average quality of life of mothers under study was significantly different at different points of measurement in the intervention group (first, second, and third time-points) (P = 0.016). An increase was observed in the intervention group at the second time-point compared to the first time-point (84.2–88.4, P < 0.001) and in the third time-point compared to the first time-point, (87.9), which was also statistically significant (P < 0.001). According to the results of post hoc tests, there was a decrease in quality of life in the control group at the second time-point compared to the first time-point and the average score of mothers decreased from 82.9 to 75.3, which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Spiritual self-care training can increase the quality of life and can be used as a form of holistic nursing care for mothers with premature infants in neonatal intensive care units