Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in intensive care unit (ICU) of Ardabil city hospitals and related factors
Get PDFBackground: Neonatal mortality rate (NMR) is one of the important parameters in assessing quality of life in societies. NMR are often used as a standard index for evaluation health, education and social systems, nutritional status and health programs for neonates in countries and the first step in reducing mortality rate and promoting the level of this indicator is to identify the causes of mortality. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the NMR in new born infants admitted to the ICU of Ardabil city hospitals.
Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study that has been done on 184 dead neonates in Ardabil city hospital during 2016-2017. The necessary information was extracted from the hospital records of neonates and entered in a provided checklist and then analyzed by statistical methods such as tables in SPSS version 19.
Results: The mortality rate of hospitalized infants in this research was 6.6%. Of all patients, in 65.2% CBC were impaired and 58.7% of patients had impaired serologic and biochemical tests. 68.5% of patients had prematurity, 62.5% RDS and 20.7% had congenital anomalies.
Conclusions: Prematurity, RDS and congenital anomalies are the most important causes of NMR and we should programing to decreasing the NMR rate in future
The Impact of Climatic Factors on Spatial Distribution of Scorpion Stings in Ardabil Province, North-West of Iran; 2012 - 2017
Get PDFBackground: Scorpion sting is a major health threatening problem in the world, while most victims in Iran are children. Identification of high-risk areas for scorpion stings and dispersal areas map can help to control, prevent, and take effective measures in a timely manner. Objectives: The current study aimed at investigating the scorpion stings and determining the distribution status and spatial analysis in Ardabil Province, North-West of Iran.
Methods: The current cross sectional study collected the routine human scorpion stings information from health houses, healthcare centers, and hospitals of Ardabil Province from 2012 to 2017 in standard epidemiological surveillance forms. The current study employed Arc GIS 10.2.3 and the space map projection to provide spatial distribution maps of high-risk areas for scorpion stings.
Results: Eight hundred fifteen cases of scorpion stings from all 10 counties of Ardabil Province were reported. During the study period, there was direct significant relationship between the increase of scorpion sting cases and temperature, as with 3°C average annual temperature increase, the incidence rate of scorpion sting increased from 5.45/100,000 in 2012 to 16.32/100,000 in 2017.
Two hot zones of scorpion stings were detected in Khalkhal and Germi counties; the Southern and Northern areas of the province, respectively. Conclusions: According to the current study findings, there were some hot zones of scorpion stings in Southern and Northern areas of the province. In addition, since the increase of temperature and reduction of rainfall and humidity coincide with the increase of scorpion stings, it is expected that with the increase of temperature in the next years with regard to the global warming phenomenon, scorpion stings also increase in this province
Evaluation of Workplaces and Corrective Actions in the Central Iranian Steel Industries
Get PDFBackground & Aims of the Study: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are one of the important occupational health issues. Prevention of these discomforts requires posture assessment at work stations using ergonomic job analysis methods. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the work stations and perform corrective actions in one of the central steel industries of Iran to decrease the frequency of these disorders.
Materials and Methods: An Interventional and analytical study were performed at 29 stations on one central steel industries in Iran in 2017. Initially, a primary assessment was done by using RULA method, and after calculating the possibility of musculoskeletal disorders, corrective actions were taken at high risk sites.
Results: In the present study, all participants male with a mean age 33.9 years. The final evaluation of scores at different work stations indicated that 17% of the stations with a risk of level 1, 59% had a risk level of 2, 17% of risk level 3, and 0.07% of risk rate 4. Principally, the consequences of the initial evaluation of the RULA technique are based on the establishment of the "waste breakdown" and "demolition work" duties at risk level 4, which makes changes and ergonomic intervention immediately necessary.
Conclusions: With the carrying out of corrective actions in the "waste breaker" units and "destructive work of the Tundish" as a outcome of the assessment of the RULA technique and providing other ergonomic strategies, including the inclusion of an educational plan focused on ergonomic fundamental, an important stage was taken to decrease the prevalence of skeletal muscle disorders
The Incidence Rate, Risk Factors and Clinical Outcome of Acute Kidney Injury in Critical Patients
Get PDFBackground: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most common cause of organ dysfunction in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. There is no consensus definition of AKI in ICU patients. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the incidence rate, risk factors and clinical outcome of AKI using the RIFLE (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of kidney function, and End-stage kidney disease) classification in ICU patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study, on 900 patients admitted to the ICU during a one year period at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardebil, Iran from 2014 to 2015. AKI was defined by the consensus RIFLE criteria. Results: The overall incidence rate of AKI was 37%. The patients with AKI were also classified according to RIFLE as follows: Risk (8.2%), Injury (13.4%), Failure (13.2%), Loss of kidney function (1.3%), and End-stage kidney disease (0.8%). The mortality rate was 58.3% for AKI patients, and 13.4% for non-AKI patients (P<0.001). Patients in RIFLE-R (Risk) had a mortality rate of 37.8% compared with 48.8% for those in RIFLE-I (Injury) and 76.5% for RIFLE-F (Failure) patients (P<0.0001). Significant risk factors to the development of AKI were included: age more than 60 yr, increased length of hospital stay, systolic blood pressure less than 100 mm Hg, requirement of mechanical ventilation, relevant comorbidities, anemia, thrombocytopenia, increased serum bilirubin and liver enzymes, and serum sodium abnormalities. Conclusion: The RIFLE classification is a useful and suitable clinical tool to evaluate the incidence and mortality rate of AKI. In ICU patients, AKI is associated with increased mortality rate
Social Challenges of Mothers with Blindness in Iranian Setting
Get PDFMothering is a major developmental event in women’s life.It is not necessaryfor mothers to beperfect andflawless, but it is necessary to playthe role ofmothering satisfactorily.1If motheringoccurs with a disability, it will bemore challenging for the mother.Some studies reported that mothers with blindness face limitations in meeting their children’swillings and social needs.2, 3some training programs such as rehabilitation are nesseery for blindmothers,but these kind ofprograms are not conducted in Iran
Association of urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites with cardiometabolic risk factors and obesity in children and adolescents
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the association of urinary concentration of phthalate metabolites with obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in a pediatric population. This study was conducted in 2016 on 242 children and adolescents, aged 6–18 years, living in Isfahan, Iran. Urinary concentration of mono-butyl phthalate (MBP), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), Mono-methyl phthalate (MMP), Mono (2-ethyl-5-exohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), and mono (2-ethyl-5hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) metabolites were determined. The association of these metabolites with obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors was examined using student t-test, linear and logistics regression tests. Of the 242 participants studied, 140 (57.9%) were girls and 102 (42.1%) were boys. The mean (SD) age of the population was 11.34 (2.55) years and no significant difference existed in terms of age (p-value = 0.374). MBzP, MBP, MMP were observed in urine samples of all subjects, and MEHP, MEOHP, and MEHHP were observed in 99.6, 95.87, and 96.28% of the subjects, respectively. Of the total participants, 15.2% (n = 37) were obese and 37.7% (n = 92) were overweight. According to the logistic regression analysis, except MEOHP, all other pollutants were significantly associated with obesity (OR adjusted >1, p-value ≤ 0.002). A significant association existed between MBP and elevated blood pressure [OR crude in tertile3 = 4.87 (CI: 1.02–23.32), p-value = 0.024]. MBzP and MEHP were significantly associated with obesity, elevated levels of triglyceride and blood pressure. Increase in MBzP metabolite in the 3rd tertile resulted to about 2.5-fold increase in triglyceride levels than the first tertile [OR multivariate adjusted = 2.7 (CI: 1.23–6.22)]. The findings of this study clearly showed the association between phthalate metabolites with obesity, cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents, however further longitudinal studies are necessary to evaluate the clinical effects of this finding
Effect of miRNA-1266-5p repression on the increasing cell survival and alterations of the cell cycle in AGS cell line
No full textBackground: Gastric cancer is among the most common malignancies in certain parts of the world, such as northwest Iran. miRNAs are small and single-stranded noncoding RNAs with about 19-23 nucleotides. Several studies have shown that miRNAs play important roles in gastric tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of miRNA-1266-5p repression on the cell survival and alterations of the cell cycle in gastric cancer cell line of AGS (NCBI Code: C131, Gastric epithelial cell line).
Methods: This experimental study was performed from April to December 2017 in Cellular-Molecular Research Center of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran. In this study, AGS cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% serum and 1% antibiotic. The cells were transfected with miR-1266-5p mimic, miR-1266-5p inhibitor and HiPerFect reagent alone as negative control. The miR-1266-5p expression and transfection efficiency were analyzed by Stem-loop TaqMan qRT-PCR. The cell proliferation and cell cycle alterations were determined using MTT calorimetric assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The results were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 statistics software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and presented as the means±standard deviation (SD).
Results: miR-1266-5p expression was increased in AGS cells transfected with miR-1266-5p mimic compared to control cells (P=0), while miR-1266-5p expression was decreased in transfected cells with the inhibitor compared to controls (P=0). Among different time points, the most effects of miR-1266-5p mimic and inhibitor were noticed after 48 hours of transfection. The upregulated miR-1266-5p significantly decreased cell growth, in contrast, inhibitor promoted cell proliferation (P=0). In addition, miR-1266-5p upregulation induced cell cycle arrest at the transition of G1 to S phase and led to G0/G1 entry (P=0), while of miR-1266-5p led to G2/M entry (P=0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results obtained from this study, miR-1266-5p can reduce cell survival and induce cell cycle arrest and act as a tumor suppressor in AGS cells. While its inhibition can increase cell survival and reduce apoptosis
Investigating the effect of Nitric acid (with different normalities) on the efficiency of scoria in Malachite removal from aquatic environments: determination of model, isotherms and reaction kinetics
Get PDFBackground and Objective: Malachite, due to its features and low degradability, can be removed from aquatic environments with difficulty. Given the Nitric acid effect on the physical and chemical characteristics of scoria, this study was to evaluate the effect of sulfuric acid normality (1, 6 and 12) on the efficiency of scoria in Malachite removal from aquatic environments and to determine model, isotherms and reaction kinetics.
Method: Adsorption processes were carried out in vitro at different pH values, adsorbent dosages, contact times and constant concentrations of the dye. Residual concentrations of dye was measured as 665 nm by a spectrophotometer (Cary 50 Perkin Elmer Co). In order to understand the adsorption process, the obtained data were fitted by the Langmuir, Freundlich isotherms, and pseudo-first and second-order kinetics.
Findings: The results showed that the dye removal eas increased with the increase of acid normality, pH, adsorbent dosage and contact time. The highest efficiency (100%) was obtained for the adsorbent modified with sulfuric acid 6 and 12 normalities in pH =11, adsorbent dose of 1.4 g/L and contact time of 75 minutes. Adsorption data proper followed both the Langmuir isotherm, Freundlich adsorption and pseudo-second-order kinetic.
Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that Malachite adsorption by scoria occurs in both multi-and mono-layerd forms and scoria treatment with Nitric acid, due to wide chemical changes (especially silica/alumina ratio) of adsorbent structure, increases the efficiency as compared to natural scoria
Prevalence of Head Lice Infestation (Pediculosis Capitis) Among Primary School Students in the Meshkin Shahr of Ardabil Province
Get PDFHead lice infestation is so common in all parts of the world such as Iran especially in places with high population with poverty and lack of observing personal health principles. The maximum prevalence of louse infestation in children was observed in elementary school. Over prevalence of infestation in this age group and its relationship with education system and thus its generalization to the total population was the main reason of selecting this age group for the present study. This study was descriptive-analytical which aimed to determine the prevalence of head lice in elementary schools students of Meshkin Shahr city in Ardebil province in academic year 2015-2016. 1950 students were selected from 20 schools. For data analysis, the variables were analyzed as multivariate by chi-square test. In general, 1950 students were selected from 20 schools from which 200 students (10.25%) were infested to head lice. From 200 infested students (61%) were city and 78 students (39%) were from village. The ratio of the students in classes with more than 20 students was two times the others and the ratio of the students that studied in the schools with more than 100 students was three times the other schools. The difference between both groups was significant in terms of Pediculosis infestation. (P<0.01). It can be concluded that a set of important factors like crowdedness of students in classroom and school, high population of family, low level of parents’ education were the main reasons of louse infestation and its increase in the current societie
Study of the type and severity of fear and anxiety in children with ADHD who referred to Ardabil's Fatemi Hospital Clinic in 2018
Get PDFBackground and Objective: ADHD is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in children that interferes with the function or growth of person . This disorder has correlation with other psychiatric disorders that can affect the treatment process or the course of the disease. Regarding the high prevalence of ADHD and the different opinions about the relationship between ADHD and anxiety, and the low study in this field, the results of this research can make better understanding of the clinical picture of the disease and the process of treatment.
Methods: In this study, 188 patient between 4 and 14 years were studied. The patients were diagnosed with clinical interviews of the psychiatrist and the Conners and CSI-4 scales. Data was entered into SPSS software and analyzed statistically.
Results: The mean and standard deviation of age of the participants in the study were 8.29 ± 2.08. The overall prevalence of Anxiety Disorder is 35.5%. There is no significant correlation between the overall score of CPRS and the overall score of Anxiety Disorders, but there is a significant relationship between the severity levels of Anxiety Disorder and severity levels of ADHD. There is a significant correlation between hyperactive type of ADHD and separation anxiety, and also there is a significant correlation between the hyperactive type of ADHD and OCD. There is a significant correlation between age and anxiety disorders (type of panic-anxiety-separation-anxiety-obsessive-compulsive). There is no significant difference between gender and mean score of anxiety disorders.There is a significant difference between the mean score of the general anxiety and hyperactive type of ADHD, and also there is significant difference between the mean score of physical anxiety and hyperactive type of ADHD. There is a significant correlation between fear of exams and ADHD, between fear of crowded places and ADHD, between fear of loneliness and ADHD, between fear of dogs and ADHD, and also berween fear of height and ADHD.
Conclusion: According to the results, it is advisable to consider accompanying anxiety disorders in the treatment of ADHD by clinicians to improve the treatment process of ADHD