Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Effects of Calcitriol on vasogenic brain edema formation and blood–brain barrier disruption in experimental model of transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats
Get PDFBackground & objective: Vasogenic brain edema is an important complication of ischemic stroke that exacerbate primary outcome of this disease. Oxidative stress is most important pathophysiological mechanisms in development of brain edema via blood - brain destruction. Calcitriol as the active form of the vitamin D has powerful antioxidant effects and showed protective effects against CNS neurodegenerative diseases. In this study we examined the effects of post-ischemic treatment with calcitriol on cerebral infarction, sensorimotor deficits, vasogenic edema formation and blood - brain disruption in a rat model of ischemic stroke.
Materials and methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three main groups (n=16), sham, control ischemic, calcitriol treated (12 μg/kg) ischemic groups. Transient focal cerebral ischemia was induced by 60-min-long occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery followed by 24-h-long reperfusion. Sensorimotor deficits were evaluated at the end of the reperfusion period. Thereafter, the animals were randomly used for measurement of the infarct volumes and investigation of ischemic brain edema formation using a wet/dry method. Blood – brain barrier permeability was assessed by Evans blue extravasation technique.
Results: Induction of cerebral ischemia in the control group produced considerable brain infarction in conjunction with severe brain edema formation. Treatment with calcitriol significantly reduced the infarct volume and improved sensorimotor disabilities. Additionally, calcitriol significantly lowered the brain edema formation and protected BBB integrity in the ischemic lesioned hemisphere.
Conclusion: Post – ischemic treatment with calcitriol can noticeably decrease cerebral infarct volume, improve sensorimotor deficits and attenuate edema formation through protecting BBB integrity
Can nutrition education improve nutritional status in pregnant women?
Get PDFBackground: Nutrition during pregnancy affects the health of the mother and the health and development of the fetus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a nutrition education program on the diet of pregnant women.
Methods: A total of 120 pregnant women (intervention group: 62, control group: 58) attending our centre at 16–35 weeks of pregnancy were enrolled in our study. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data on demographics, job, age, medication use and educational level, and food records were collected weekly. Three similar educational sessions were held each week for 12 weeks. Data analysis
was performed using SPSS software (version 16).
Results: There were significant improvements in diet diversity (p=0.0001) and nutrient intake (p≤0.05) in the intervention group after the educational program.
Conclusion: Nutrition education can improve the diet of pregnant wome
Identification and assessment of occupational hazards in informal waste collectors using job hazard analysis
No full textIntroduction A number of accidents and injuries in work environments can be prevented through identification and assessment of hazards. Factors affecting accidents and damages should be fully identified to prevent such events. The aim of this study was to identify and assess occupational hazards among waste collectors in Ardabil city using JHA method.
Materials & Methods This descriptive-analytical study was carried out on informal waste collectors in Ardebil city. Demographic data were gathered using a special form, and potential occupational hazards were identified by JHA worksheet. Results were analyzed with SPSS 12 software.
Results Significant relationships were observed between the age and history of injury, illness, accident, and drug abuse. Job experience showed significant correlations with history of injury, having a business license, and health training course. In addition, using personal protective equipment, accident history, insurance record, history of tetanus and hepatitis B vaccinations, having business license, and health training course were all significantly correlated to the income level.
Conclusion Hazards identified for workers in waste collection included musculoskeletal disorders caused by carrying, pushing and pulling loads, exposure to fungal and bacterial microorganisms, likelihood of accident, contact with dust, exposures to solar infrared and ultraviolet radiations, likelihood of cuts, and cold/heat at different seasons
Impact of metformin on the severity and outcomes of ischemic stroke
Get PDFBackground: Stroke is the third most common cause of death in the United States and the most commonly diagnosed neurological disorder. About 750,000 strokes occur annually in the United States and about 150,000 people die as a result of stroke. The aim of this study was evaluation of the effect of Metformin on complication of ischemic strokes.
Methods: In this randomized, double-blind clinical trial study, 100 patients with ischemic stroke will be assigned randomly into two groups A and B. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) will be used to evaluate the clinical manifestations of ischemic stroke. The two groups will be followed up for 3 months. Metformin 500mg twice in a day will be administered for seven days for group (A) and placebo will be administered for seven days for group (B). Blood glucose will be checked every 6 hours and will be recorded on the blood glucose (BS) chart. Before the intervention, the NIHSS questionnaire will be recorded in one day, three days, seven days and one month, two months, and three months after the intervention will be followed up respectively.
Results: In the present study, according to the neuro-protective effects of metformin, there is a significant difference in metformin taking in the reduction of NIHSS Score in non-diabetic stroke patients. There was a significant association in metformin taking and decrease in NIHSS scores in patients with cortical ischemic stroke.
Conclusions: According to the results, in patients with cortical stroke, there weren’t a significant difference in NIHSS between the two groups in the first, third and seventh days but in the first, second and third months after intervention the difference was significant. Also, the results showed that metformin reduced the severity and stroke symptoms and accelerated recovery and functional output in patients with cortical stroke after the first, second and third months
Frequency of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnant Women Referred to Alavi Hospital in Ardabil, 2017
Get PDFBackground: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is the most common complications of pregnancy that spreading
throughout the world and in the past 20 years has increased in range from 10% to 100% among racial groups. GDM
cause to maternal and fetal side effects, and in the absence of treatment, it can cause macrosomia, respiratory distress,
hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperbilirubinemia in newborns. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the
frequency of GDM in pregnant women in Ardabil, Iran. Method: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on
4485 pregnant women referred to Alavi hospital in Ardabil from April 2017 to December 2017. Data were extracted
from hospital records and analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS version 16. Results: Of all Pregnant women, 256 (5.7%)
had GDM. 91.7% of women with GDM had cesarean delivery which of them 75.5% were from urban and 73.2% were in the
first parity. The mean age of women with cesarean delivery was 26.96 ± 6.38 years and normal delivery was 27.33 ± 6.44
years. Of women with GDM, 53% had primary education and most of them had no history of abortion and family history
of diabetes. Conclusion: Considering the increased frequency of GDM in this study in compare with previous studies, the
higher rate of cesarean section among young women with diabetes, doing more studies are essential in future
Ergonomic Evaluation of Occupational Tasks in a Sofa Making Workshop Based on KIM and Presentation of Corrective Actions
Get PDFAims: Manual tasks and load carrying and handling are the most important tasks in a sofa making workshop. Evaluation of these types of tasks is very important for identifying the health risks to which workers are exposed. The aim of this study was the ergonomic evaluation of occupational tasks in a sofa making workshop based on KIM and presentation of corrective actions.
Instruments and Methods: The present descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a sofa making workshop in Ardabil in 2017. All tasks of the sofa making workers (n=22) were examined, among which 7 main tasks were identified. The identified tasks were analyzed, using KLM-MHO and KLM-LHC methods. Manual tasks and load lifting and carrying tasks were evaluated, scored, and checked out, using EXCELL 2010.
Findings: Among the tasks examined, the tasks of woodcarving, preparation for coloring, and sofa dressing showed the highest final score (Risk Grade 4), followed by jointing wood parts with glue and coloring (Risk Grade 3). Most items with high workload were related to grips status, repetitive movement in the hand-finger area, position and repetitive movements of the joints at the end of motion range, and curved forward trunk posture.
Conclusion: In carving, preparation for coloring, and dressing tasks, the amount of workload is high. In jointing wood parts with glue and coloring tasks, the amount of workload increases dramatically. And, in designing layout on wood and cutting tasks, the amount of load increases
Assessment of EGFR Gene Expression Following Vitrification of 2-cell and Blastocyst Mouse Embryos
Get PDFBackground: Exact mechanisms of fetal harm following vitrification are still unknown. This study was conducted to evaluate the cryopreservation impact on the expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) gene in mouse 2-cell and blastocysts.
Methods: To stimulate ovulation in mice, hCG was injected, followed by collecting 2-cells and blastocysts after 44-46 and 88-89 hr, respectively. These embryos were divided into two case and control groups. The fresh case group was cryopreserved using cryotop and warmed after 4 mounts. Normal 2-cells were selected based on their morphology and their RNA was extracted. Quantitative expression of EGFR gene in both groups was investigated by applying real time-PCR.
Results: The statistical real-time (RT)-PCR analyses performed using SPSS revealed that the expression level of EGFR gene was diminished in the case group compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The current study indicated the negative effect of cryopreservation on expression amount of EGFR gene in 2-cell and blastocyst mouse embryos
Evaluating the predicting value of emotional intelligence for posttraumatic growth in patients undergoing hemodialysis in Ardabil Province
Get PDFBackground and purpose: Despite numerous problems in hemodialysis patients, these patients also experience some positive psychological changes, called "posttraumatic growth". Posttraumatic growth is a complex concept associated with many factors, such as the characteristics of individual emotional intelligence. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictive value of emotional intelligence on posttraumatic growth in hemodialysis patients in Ardebil province.
Methods: This is cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study was conducted on all eligible hemodialysis patients (249) referred to hospitals in Ardabil Province between April and August 2017 by census method. The Instruments used included demographic characteristics questionnaire, and posttraumatic growth inventory, short form of emotional intelligence, ways of coping and psychological distress questionnaire and data analysis was performed in SPSS, version 15, using descriptive and analytical statistics tests.
Results: The mean and standard deviation of each posttraumatic growth, emotional intelligence, coping and psychological distress variables were 69/94 ± 12/78, 140/88 ± 19/47, 92/93 ± 13/77 and 15/32 ± 5/52, respectively. Also, the results of the study indicated a significant relationship between the emotional intelligence directly (r=0/39) and indirectly with the presence of mediator (coping) with posttraumatic growth (r=0/23). However, in the presence of psychological distress, there was no significant correlation between emotional intelligence and posttraumatic growth (r = 0/064).
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that emotional intelligence is an important predictive variable in explaining posttraumatic growth, as explains 38% of the variance in posttraumatic growth in patients undergoing hemodialysis by directly and indirectly effect through coping