Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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The synthesis and application of the SiO2@Fe3O4@MBT nanocomposite as a new magnetic sorbent for the adsorption of arsenate from aqueous solutions: Modeling, optimization, and adsorption studies
No full textThis study was conducted for the purpose of showing that the mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT)-functionalized SiO2@Fe3O4 nanocomposite can be applied as a new adsorbent for the adsorption of As (V) ions from aqueous solutions. SiO2@Fe3O4@MBT synthesized via a two-stage process was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), the transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The SEM showed good adsorbing capacity for SiO2@ Fe3O4@ MBT due to the average core size 40 nm with a vast surface. The appearance of bands attributed to the CH stretch of methylenes of the alkyl chain in FTIR analysis showed SiO2@Fe3O4 was successfully modified by MBT. The XRD spectrum clearly demonstrates the occurrence of two phases of iron oxide/hydroxide and silica oxide, and also the spinal structure of SiO2@ Fe3O4@ MBT reveals the presence of SiO2, by revealing the specific peaks at 2θ = 26.62, 39.44, 42.41, 54.83.The TEM micrograph of SiO2@ Fe3O4@ MBT showed the Fe3O4 nanoparticle anchored on SiO2 and formed a large amount of Fe3O4 with different size. Surface area of SiO2@ Fe3O4@ MBT was investigated and determined 58.35 m2/g. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to model the effects of the operating parameters, such as pH (2–8), adsorbent dosage (10–100 mg L−1), initial As (V) concentration (1–10 mg L−1), and contact time (2–180 min) using the R software. Based on the results obtained from the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the reduced full second-order model demonstrated satisfactory adjustment with the experimental data. The Solver “Add-ins” were applied using the effective parameters to optimize important operating variables. The optimum operating points were established at the initial As (V) concentration of 10 mg L−1, the adsorbent dosage of 82.7 mg L−1, the time of 169.1 min, and the pH of 5.07, corresponding to the maximum predicted As (V) removal percentage of 93.89%. Based on the reported results, the experimental isotherm data best fit the Freundlich model rather than the other isotherms. The maximum adsorption capacities calculated from the Langmuir equation were 10.38, 11.35, and 17.5 mg g−1 for 291 K, 301 K and 311 K. The followed kinetic model was the pseudo-first order kinetic model in nature and intraparticle diffusion was the dominant mechanism
The effect of heparin prescription before primary PCI on long-term and short-term clinical and para clinical results and the mortality of patients with acute coronary syndrome
Get PDFBackground: Primary PCI (PPCI) is the main reperfusion treatment for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Anticoagulation therapy should be administered in patients undergoing PCI in order to limit the ischemic complications. In this study, we evaluated the effect of bolus unfractionated heparin (UFH) before PPCI on clinical outcome of patients with STEMI.
Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 196 patients (72.4% male with mean age of 63.02±13.37 years) with STEMI undergoing PPCI were randomly assigned to receive bolus UFH 60-90 U/kg in emergency room (case group) or during PCI (control group). Clinical outcomes, 30 day mortality, hematoma, left ventricle function improvement during follow-up were compared between groups.
Results: In both groups there was good flow in the involved coronary artery after PCI. Case group compared to control group had significantly more cases with improved LVEF (28.1% vs. 9.7%, p=0.005). Also, case group compared to control group had more hematoma (3.1% vs. 0%, p=0.24) and higher mortality rate (6% vs. 4.2%, p=0.56) which had no significant difference between groups.
Conclusions: PPCI in patients with STEMI accompanies with acceptable coronary flow irrespective of receiving bolus heparin. Receiving bolus heparin in these patients may have improved left ventricle function by increasing the rate of reflow. However, using bolus heparin did not accompany with increased rate of bleeding and had no effect on 30 day mortality rate
Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in pregnant and non-pregnant Iranian women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textPurpose Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a vaginal disorder which occurs either symptomatic or asymptomatic because of an imbalance between H2O2-producing Lactobacillus and Gardnerella vaginalis in the vagina. This systematic review and meta-analysis is the first to determine the prevalence of BV in pregnant and non-pregnant women in Iran.
Methods
We used national (SID, Irandoc, Iranmedex and Magiran) and international (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and ISI web of knowledge) electronic databases to systematically search and collect available studies using related keywords (up to 1 December 2017). Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined to select eligible studies.
Results
The overall prevalence of BV among Iranian women was 18.9% (95% CI 14–25). Gardnerella vaginalis was the most prevalent isolated bacteria. The prevalence of BV in non-pregnant women was 28% (95% CI 15.1–45.9) which was higher compared with pregnant women who had a prevalence of 16.5% (95% CI 12.5–21.6).
Conclusion
The present review revealed a high prevalence of BV in non-pregnant women. Given that BV is associated with a series of reproductive complications such as infertility, taking preventive measures such as awareness of patients as well as monitoring and controlling of syndrome are essential
Selective Cytotoxicity of Luteolin and Kaempferol on Cancerous Hepatocytes Obtained from Rat Model of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of ROS-Mediated Mitochondrial Targeting
No full textTo evaluate the cytotoxicity effects of luteolin (LUT) and kaempferol (KAE) via reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated mitochondrial targeting on hepatocytes obtained from the liver of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rats. In this study, HCC induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF). In the following, rat liver hepatocytes and mitochondria were isolated and tested for every eventual apoptotic and anti-HCC effects of LUT and KAE. The results of MTT assay showed that LUT and KAE were able to induce selective cytotoxicity in hepatocytes of HCC group in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Treatment of mitochondria from hepatocytes of HCC group with LUT and KAE were accompanied by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and mitochondrial swelling and release of cytochrome c ( P < 0.001) via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation before cytotoxicity ensued. LUT and KAE also increased activation of caspase-3 (P < 0.001 andP < 0.01, respectively). Flow-cytometry analysis indicated that the mode of cell death induced by these fl avonoids were mostly apoptosis. Importantly, LUT and KAE were nontoxic for healthy hepatocytes and mitochondria. Therefore, we suggest that LUT and KAE are a good candidate for the complementary therapeutic agent against HCC
Evaluation of the relationship between arterial pressure of carbon dioxide and CO2 of oxygenators in cardiopulmonary artery bypass surgery
Get PDFBackground and Objective: the physicians are always wanted to be performed medical tests in non-invasive ways, patients are welcomed by that. During cardiac surgery after the onset of cardiopulmonary bypass, the patient's ventilation is stopped, along with the patient's heart rate, and the task of the two vital organs is transferred to the pulmonary heart system, which acts to ensure the patient's ventilation at defined intervals in the patient's arterial gas analysis. Considering the necessity of the study and the lack of similar studies at the regional and national levels, the Objective of this study was to determine the relationship between CO2 pressure and CO2 pressure from the oxygenator of the CPB.
Methods: A total of 30 patients referring to the heart surgery department of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardebil, who are candidates for CABG without other illness, were included in the study. Then, questionnaires such as patient's demographic information, age, gender, history of previous illnesses, history of drug use, education level, etc. were completed. Arterial blood samples were taken from these patients and the result was reported through the ABG device in the operating room. The CO2 pressure from the arterial blood sample was compared with that of the oxygenator. Data was analyzed by SPSS 22 after encoding.
Results: 17 patients (56.67%) were male and 13 (43.33%) were female. The mean age of patients was 60 ± 11 years with age range of 35-78 years. The arterial pressure of carbon dioxide was 36.5 ± 4.13 and the carbon dioxide emission from the exhaust oxygenator was 31 ± 6.4. According to the results in the study, FGF (Fresh Gas Flow) was 1.9 ± 0.7. Pearson correlation coefficient showed a positive and significant correlation between FGF and arterial pressure Co2
Conclusion: According to the results, the arterial pressure of carbon dioxide was 31.4 ± 5.36 and the carbon dioxide emission from the exhaust oxygenator was 31 ± 6.4. There was a significant relationship between arterial CO2 pressure and CO2 pressure from the oxygenator in the CPB device
Evaluation of the dental students’ learning style in the clinical stage from Ardabil University of medical sciences and determining its relationship with students' satisfaction from educational status of the faculty of dentistry, 2016-17
Get PDFBackground and Purpose:
Education and learning are affected by various variables. Among these factors, learning style may affect academic performance and outcomes of higher education. The aim of this study was to assess the dental students' learning style and their satisfaction with dental school education.
Materials and methods:
In this descriptive-analytic study that was done during 2016-17, 109 eligible dental students in clinical stage enrolled in the study and responded to the Kolb learning style questionnaire. They also assessed their satisfaction with dental school education with a score of 0 to 10 (completely dissatisfied with completely satisfied). Findings with p <0.05 was significant.
Findings:
The mean age of the students was 23.1 ± 1.75. 69 (59.6%) person were female and the rest were male. Students were in 7-12 semester. Convergence (54.3%), assimilator (20.2%), divergent (11.9%) and accommodator (7.3%) were the highest to lowest learning style, respectively. The learning pattern was unrelated to gender, average, and academic semester. The average of student’s satisfaction was 4.8 ± 2.6. Average and academic term had not significant relationship with satisfaction.
Conclusions:
Convergence and assimilator was the most common learning style for dental students at Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. Students' satisfaction with education was moderate. In addition, academic performance and satisfaction from education were not related to the learning style
Women’s Perceptions and Feelings about Loss of Their Sexual Desire: A Qualitative Study in Iran
Get PDFBackground: Reduced sexual desire leaves serious impacts on women’s life. The current study aims to investigate the perceptions and concerns of Iranian women of reproductive age with female sexual interest and arousal disorder (FSIAD).
Methods: This qualitative research was conducted using content analysis approach. Data were collected through seventeen in-depth interviews from October 2015 to June 2016. Purposive sampling was carried out from among reproductive-aged women suffering from FSIAD who responded to female sexual function index (FSFI) with mean scores of ≤3.3 and ≤3.4 in desire and arousal domains, respectively and went through validation by a psychologist. Data analysis was performed using Granheim and Lundman’s approach. MAXQDA 10.0 software was used for data organization.
Results: The three main themes that emerged in this study included: 1) “Spoiled feminine identity” with two categories of “deteriorated sexual self-esteem” and “deteriorated feminine position”, 2) “Struggle in sexual issues” with two categories of concern about losing the relationship and spouse, and surrendering to sexual relationship, and 3) “Deterioration of the couple’s relationship” with two categories of deteriorated marital interaction and sexual disharmony between the couple.
Conclusion: Feeling inability to play gender role as a woman and fear of losing the spouse are the most important concerns of women with lack of interest in sex. Training communication skills for sexual talks with the spouse and expression of feelings are the first steps to help such women
Comparison of intravenous Acetaminophen and Morphine sulfate for abdominal pain management in patients with acute abdomen
Get PDFBackground and Objective: Pain management is a crucial component in the postoperative care of patient. Opioids, which have been the mainstay of postoperative pain control for some time, are being used less because of significant adverse effects. Recently Intravenous acetaminophen that is a analgesic and antipyretic drug is used for reduce postoperative pain. Our Objective in this study was to use intravenous acetaminophen as an analgesic and antipyretic drug with the least complications and more safe than intravenous opioids for comparison with the effects of intravenous morphine sulfate in patients with acute abdominal surgery referred to emergency department of Fatemi Hospital.
Methods: 120 patients with acute abdomen will be assigned into the study by randomized allocation. Demographic data, pain severity in admission to the emergency department and 30 minutes after injection, vital signs in admission, side effects, and clinical findings will recorded questionnaires. The pain level, tenderness and the rebound tenderness of the patients will determined by the Visual Analog scale. The subjects will be divided into two groups A and B randomly. The intravenous acetaminophen (15 mg/kg/100cc normal saline in the form of intravenous infusion for 30 minutes) will be administered for group (A) and intravenous morphine sulfate (0.1 mg/kg Slow-acting intravenous injection for 1.5 to 2 minutes) will be administered for group (B). After 30, 60 and 90 minutes, the patient's pain is re-examined. Changes in the patient's pain, tenderness, rebound tenderness and side effects will documented in two groups and they will compared. Finally, the collected data will be analyzed
Results: The mean age of patients in acetaminophen group was 58.24±8.06 years with a mean age of 27- 26 years and in morphine group was 56.7±7.63 years with age range of 34-69 years. There was no significant relationship between age and effect of intravenous acetaminophen and venous morphine sulfate. (P = 0.16). The mean of pain before injection of intravenous acetaminophen group was 8.92±1.25 and the mean pain before injection of morphine group was 8.80±1.35. There was no significant difference between the mean pain before injection of patients in the intravenous staphylococci group and the morphine group (P = 0.049). The mean pain after injection of intravenous acetaminophen group was 4.46±1.25 and the mean pain after injection of the morphine group was 2.56±1.71. The mean pain after injection was significantly higher in patients with intravenous acetaminophen than in the morphine group. (P<0.001)
Conclusion: Due to the effectiveness of intravenous acetaminophen in relieving the pain of patients, it is recommended that doctors and associates use this painkiller to relieve pain in patients
A Survey of Perceived Incivility among Nurses Working at Medical-Educational Centers in the City of Ardabil, Iran
Get PDFBackground & aim: Workplace incivility is one of the destructive behaviors in any organization, especially in the organizations providing health services. The purpose of this study was to assess the perceived incivility among nurses working in four educational-hospitals affiliated to Ardabil University of Medical Sciences (ARUMS).
Methods: This study was a descriptive-correlational design. Study population were all nurses working in educational hospitals in the city of Ardabil. Through a consensus sampling approach, the Guidroz's “Incivility in Workplace Questionnaire” was given to all nurses working hospitals affiliated to ARUMS and 600 out of 900 nurses returned the completed questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS software.
Results: 500 persons (83.3%) from 600 nurses participating in the study were female. The findings showed that perceived incivility among nurses originates from physicians (3.63±0.94), patient-family (2.99±0.85), general incivility (2.80±0.75), head nurses or supervisors (2.75±0.85), and other nursing colleagues (2.71±0.69). In addition, the differences between the mean scores of perceived incivility between these five sources were statistically significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, nurses experience incivility from various sources especially from physicians and patients. So, it is necessary for hospital managers to address and resolve the uncivil behaviors through continuous education, role clarification, and improving the nursing’s image in the society
Challenges of Parents of Daughters with Multiple Sclerosis: A Phenomenological Study
Get PDFBackground & aim: Chronic illness in the child increases the mental health risk in parents. Parents also get new roles and responsibilities for the physical and emotional needs of their children in order to preserve and recreate the routine family activities. This study aimed to explain the challenges of parents with a daughter suffering from multiple sclerosis.
Methods: This research was a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach that was carried out with the participation of parents of girls' members of MS Association of Ardabil. Inclusion criteria were; living with family since MS beginning, having the MS history, and willingness to participate in the study. Data were collected by semi-structured interview with 12 participants. Finally, the collected data were analyzed using a quantitative method.
Results: Data analysis showed 3 themes and 8 sub-themes as; 1. Distress (anxiety and fear, discomfort, dissatisfaction, the future of waking and mental activity), 2. Compatibility barriers (economic burden and treatment problems), and 3. Restriction (isolation and despair).
Conclusion: The challenges mentioned by parents in the current study were: mental and emotional distress such as anxiety, discomfort, and mental engagement. Also, most of the parents lost their social dynamicity and felt helpless and frustrated due to unsatisfied treatment results. Problems in the treatment process and economic burden were also among challenges preventing parents from coping with their child's disease. Providing these challenges to health care planners and managers can have a significant impact on the process of eliminating the problems