Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Reasons of tooth extraction in patients attending surgery department of dental clinic of Ardabil University of medical sciences in 2017-18
Get PDFBackground and Objectives:
Extraction of permanent teeth is performed for several reasons including dental caries, periodontal disease, prosthetic and other reasons. Loss of tooth by any reasons has its consequences thats why tooth extraction is always the last choice in dental treatments. The aim of this study was to determine the reasons of tooth extraction in patients attending surgery department of dental clinic of Ardabil University of medical sciences in 2017-18.
Materials and Methods:
After taking the acceptance of patient and doing precise clinical examination, accurate reasons of tooth extraction was marked in a cheklist. The data were analyzed using statistics methods in SPSS 16.
Results:
In this 6-month study 549 teeth were extracted from 357 patients that 199 of parients were male and 158 of them were female. The most prevalent reasons were due to not restorable caries (69,76%). 19,67% of the teeth extraction were because of prosthetic reasons, 4,37% because of financial problems, 2,55% because of impaction, 1,46% were because of periodontal reasons and for every each one of endodontal, orthodontal and other reasons 0,73% of teeth were extracted. There was no tooth extracted because of supernumerary traumatic reasons.
Conclusion:
Caries and prosthetic reasons were the main reasons for tooth extraction in respondents. Proper oral health system including efficient programs focusing on prevention and treatment of caries should be created and develope
Epidemiology of Road Traffic Accidents in Meshgin-Shahr City, Ardebil Province 2015
Get PDFBackground & objectives: Road traffic accidents are the major public health problem causing many deaths and injuries annually in the world. Road traffic accidents occur more in younger age groups which lead to death and disabilities in the workforce pool. The current research aimed to study the road accidents in the Meshgin-Shahr city in 2015.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was done on road accidents recorded in relief centers of 115 emergency call. All records and registers in emergency centers were collected and analyzed by SSPSS16.
Results: The total number of registered victims and relief were 750 cases with the incidence of 5 per one hundred thousand people of Meshgin-Shahr in 2015. The traffic accidents were 2.5 fold higher in men than in women. Most of the damages were found in male (71.7%) and age group of 21-30 year (34.7 %). More than 70 % of road accidents happened in suburban roads in August (13.2 %), September (11.2 %) and April (11.2 %).
Conclusion: The results of the current study showed that the majority of accidents occurred in the young group. The accident is associated with high speed on suburban roads
Comparative study of the results of evaluation of protozoan and helminthic parasitic infections by direct, concentration and culture methods in stool specimens referring to laboratories of hospitals affiliated to Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in 2018
Get PDFBackground & Objective: Parasitic diseases are one of the health problems of all societies and are considered as barriers to progress socio-economic development, especially in most developing countries. This study compares the results of evaluation of protozoal and parasitic infections with direct, condensation and culture methods in stool specimens of patients referring to laboratories of hospitals affiliated to Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in 1397.
Methods: A total of 409 stool specimens were collected from laboratories in hospitals affiliated to the university were evaluated and after less than two hours, they were transferred to the parasitology laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine and Paramedical Sciences for re-evaluation. In the laboratory, samples were evaluated using direct, condensation and culture methods. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software.
Results: In this study, 409 stool specimens were collected from Imam Khomeini (232) and Booali (177) hospitals. In total, 22 cases (5.4%) were infected with intestinal parasites. Infection in men was 5.3% and in women it was 5.4%. Protozoal infection was 3.7% and worm was 1.7%.
Of the 177 specimens studied in Booali Hospital, no positive cases were reported and the results were reported false negative, but in the re-examination of samples in the parasitology laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, 7 cases were reported positive. The rate of infection in men was 1.9% and in women were 6.7%. The rate of protozoal infection was 7.1% and worm was 2.2%. In the study of samples with culture, no case was found.
Of the 232 samples tested in Imam Khomeini Hospital was reported to have 5.6% parasitic protozoan infections. In only two cases, the results of Imam Khomeini Hospital were same as the results of this review (study at the Faculty). In the re-evaluation of other positive cases reported in the hospital, there were no parasitic agents in the present study, which due to accurate diagnosis in the hospital can be linked to incorrect posting and delays in sending laboratory samples to the college, which led to destruction, and the death of the trophozoites. In the sample of Imam Khomeini hospital, parasitology laboratory of the medical school reported 6.5% parasitic infection. The rate of infection was 7.1% in men and 5.9% in women. The rate of infection with protozoan was 5.2% and worm was 1.3%. In the study of samples with culture, only one case of infection was observed.
Conclusion: Considering that in the hospital stool samples are examined only by direct method, only a small percentage of positive cases are detected and in order to increase the quality of the test, the stool test requires the use of all three methods of direct, condensation and culture
Mini review of BCG(Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) therapy prediction by purified protein derivative skin test (PPD) in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
Get PDFCancer immunotherapy in bladder superficial cancer evokes immune check points to invoke immunity to destroy cancer cells. PPD hypersensitivity accompanies with longer survival however it may predict more serious complications. More hypersensitive PPD skin test may forecast more side effects and less bladder tumor recurrence
The frequency and typography of pneumocysteine typing of psychosis in the clinical manifestations of pulmonary lavage lavage in patients with tuberculosis in Ardabil city using techniques Nested-PCR ، RFLP ، CSGE
Get PDFPneumocystis jirovecii is an opportunistic fungi which is classified in Ascomycota phylum. This fungus is colonized in alveolar epithelium of patients with impaired cell-mediated immunity like as AIDS, chronic pulmonary disease و lung malignancy and TB then causes Pneumocystosis or intensifies the basic pulmonary disease due to co-infection. Pathogenicity of this fungus is associated with inflammation, obstruction and malignancies of respiratory ways. In this cross sectional study we used two methods of Nested-PCR and Methenamine silver stain to investigate the frequency of presence and colonization of Pneumocystis jiroveci in 100 BAL specimens of TB positive patients compared to 100 BAL of TB negative (with unknown pulmonary disorders) The mt-Lsu rRNA Gene (Large sub unit of mitochondrial ribonucleic acid) is used to be amplified as target in Nested-PCR. This mitochondrial gene has high identical sensitivity with more specificity and gave more positive results in clinical samples. The sequencing approach is also used to more sub phylogenic studies and P.jirovecii confirmation in PCR products. RFLP and CSGE techniques applied on DHPS gene to discriminate eventual sulfa drug resistance. And single-base mismatches. High false positives were reported using GMS staining (13.5%) While using Nested-PCR, 5 positive cases were reported from the tuberculosis group Which is relatively lower than that of people with AIDS. No reports of co- infection were found in TB negative patients Using enzyme AccI in RFLP method all five clinical isolates in the position
165 have mutations, while using HeaIII restriction enzymes, four clinical isolates except IS3
have mutation at position 171 However, by CSGE on DHPS fragments, Heterodaplex bands were able to detect single-base mutation in four isolates mentioned with the exception of the third isolate
Geographic distribution and spatial analysis of Leishmania infantum infection in domestic and wild animal reservoir hosts of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in Iran: A systematic review
Get PDFVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an important parasitic disease which is endemic in different parts of Iran; and domestic and wild canines are principal reservoir hosts of the disease. The objective of this study was to review the spatial distribution of canine VL (CVL) caused by Leishmania infantum in domestic and wild canines in different geographical areas of Iran. An extensive literature search was conducted in different international and national databases, including Cochrane, MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Iran Medex to find articles with the words “visceral leishmaniasis in Iran” in their titles and “canine visceral leishmaniasis in Iran” or “feline visceral leishmaniasis in Iran” or “accidental reservoir hosts of visceral leishmaniasis in Iran” in their subtitles, irrespective of the type and duration of study. Screening of the irrelevant articles from total 36,342, yielded 61 eligible articles. More than 93% of the studies were carried out on domestic dogs (Canis familiaris, n = 57) and the remaining were on other carnivores such as wild canines including foxes (Vulpes vulpes, n = 4), jackals (C. aureus, n = 6) and wolves (C. lupus, n = 6); while studies on domestic cats (Felis catus, n = 3) as well as desert rodents (n = 2) were rare. The average rate of L. infantum infections reported among domestic dogs using direct agglutination test (DAT) in Iran was 12.5%. The highest prevalence rate (14%) was reported from the northwest regions of the country where VL is endemic. The review indicates that CVL is endemic in various parts of Iran and domestic dogs are the main and potential reservoir hosts of the disease. Other carnivores, such as domestic cats and some species of desert rodents (Cricetulus migratorius, Mesocricetus auratus and Meriones persicus) seem to be playing a role in the maintenance of transmission cycle of L. infantum in the endemic areas of the diseas
Frequency of Seizure Types in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) referred to Alavi Hospital in Ardebil
Get PDFBackground and objective : One of the diseases that increases the risk of seizures in person is multiple sclerosis. Several studies have reported multiple sclerosis as a risk factor for seizure. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of seizure types in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) referred to Alavi hospital in Ardebil.
Methods : This study was descriptive-cross-sectional. To collect the data, a questionnaire was developed in this study which included questions about demographic characteristics, family history of the disease, and onset of disease signs in patients with multiple sclerosis. After completing the checklist and the obtained data, the data were analyzed by statistical methods using spssv21 software. The collected data were entered into the SPSSv21 statistical software. In cases where the information was of a qualitative type, coding and qualitative analysis were performed. Descriptive statistics methods were used to assess the relative distribution of quantitative variables and inferential statistics for assessing qualitative differences between different groups.
Results: In this study, 250 patients were studied. Of these 17 patients, 6.8% had seizure. The mean age of patients with seizure was 36.1 ± 11.1 years in the study. Of the 17 patients with seizure, the study included 5 male patients (29.4%) and the rest were women. Overall, 2% of all the patients who had seizure were men and 4.8% were women . In this study, 213 patients had no family history of MS.The highest prevalence in both sexes was generalized seizure and there was no significant relationship between gender and type of seizure. Among patients with multiple sclerosis, 94 of them had the first symptoms of MS visual impairment, of which 7 (7.44%) had an outbreak, 7 of them 41.2% before MS, and 10 of them 58% had seizure after MS. Among those with a previous history of seizure, 4 reported a seizure condition after MS.
Conclusion : According to the results of this study, the frequency of seizure in patients with multiple sclerosis is higher than normal people
The efficacy of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation treatments in terms of relief from symptoms of anxiety and depression symptoms among patients with cardiac problem
Get PDFAbstract
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has been shown to provide the best social, psychological and physical conditions for patient recovery after myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of present study was to quantify the efficacy of exercise-based CR treatments in terms of relief from symptoms of anxiety and depression symptoms among patients with MI. Literature published up to August 2017 was reviewed systematically using relevant keywords, MeSH terms, and Emtree headings to search PubMed, Embase, CINAHL (Ebsco), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Web of Science. The results of included studies were compared meta-analytically. We found that exercise-based CR had a significant effect on decreasing anxiety and depression scores. Furthermore, exercise-based CR may alleviate anxiety and depressive symptoms at different time periods. For patients with MI, exercise-based CR has been demonstrated to alleviate anxiety and depressive symptoms. These findings highlight CR as essential and beneficial for minimizing MI patient anxiety and depression during recovery
Reasons for Nursing Home Placement of Older Women in Tabriz, Iran: A Content Analysis
Get PDFObjectives In consistent with the growing rate of elderly population, the burden of chronic diseases has dramatically increased, and subsequently, the need for long-term care has increased, too. The population rate of elderly women is higher than men, and their admission rate to nursing homes is more than men. The present study explained different reasons for the admission of the elderly women to nursing homes.
Methods & Materials In total, 13 participants were recruited through purposive sampling method. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were applied in this qualitative research. Content analysis was used for data analysis.
Results Two key factors were the causes of elderly women living in nursing homes. These factors included ‘underlying reasons’ and ‘situational reasons’. The obtained results indicate that the situational reasons played a dominant role in choosing nursing home care. Older women noted several barriers for the lack of participation in the community and at home. Such factors included financial problems, unwanted marriage, abuse, and neglect. Moreover, falls, accidents, loneliness, and emotional problems were classified as major situational reasons.
Conclusion In consistent with the growing rate of elderly women, their burden of care continues to rise. Moreover, elderly abuse will increase in this population due to declining financial resources. This could lead to the sending the elderly people to nursing homes. To prevent these factors and facilitate conditions for families and elderly people to live in their desired place, providing community-based services can be useful
Optimizing laccase-mediated amoxicillin removal by the use of Box–Behnken design in an aqueous solution
No full textAbnormal use of antibiotics and discharging them into the sewage systems bring about serious and dangerous harms to the environment. The present study aims at the feasibility evaluation of amoxicillin removal from the aqueous solutions by means of enzymatic oxidation by taking advantage of response surface method based on Box–Behnken model. The present study is a library research. Therefore, the experiments are carried out in a laboratory for discontinuously evaluating the effects of independent variables such as temperature, pH, contact time, enzyme activity, hydroxybenzotriazole mediator concentration and the antibiotic concentration. The remaining amoxicillin’s concentration has been determined by HPLC device. To implement the experiments, Box–Behnken model was used
for measuring the variables’ mutual effects. One-way analysis of variance was used for data analysis.
The results showed that enzymatic oxidation output increases with the increase in contact time and
enzymatic activity as well as with a decrease in the antibiotic’s concentration. The highest and the
lowest removal percentages were 91.5% and 5.36%, respectively. According to the high amounts of R2
(0.974) and R2 adj (0.955), it can be said that the selected model is appropriate for data analyses. Finally,
a quadratic polynomial model was applied as the best model of choice for figuring out the relationships between the main variables and amoxicillin elimination output. Response surface method can be effective in amoxicillin oxidation optimization and laccase can be used for amoxicillin eliminatio