Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Evaluation of clinical-pathologic causes of scarring alopecia in patients referred to dermatology clinic of Imam Reza Hospital in Ardabil, Iran, during the year of 2018
Get PDFBackground and Objective: Cicatricial (scarring) alopecias form a group of disorders in which permanent hair loss results from replacement of hair follicles by fibrosis or hyalinized collagen, which includes two types; primary types such as DLE, LPP, FFA, folliculitis decalvans and secondary types are like Kerion and Morphea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of different types of scarring alopecia in patients referred to Imam Reza Dermatology Clinic in Ardabil during the year of 2018.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 96 patients referred to the dermatology clinic of Imam Reza Hospital, Ardabil, Iran, with clinical diagnosis of scarring alopecia during the year of 2018, underwent to clinical examination and KOH smear for Kerion disease and for diagnosis of other types of scarring alopecia were subjected to scalp biopsy and pathologic examination of the biopsy specimen. Epidemiologic features such as age, sex, and place of residence of patients, as well as the frequency of clinical and pathologic causes of primary and secondary cicatricial alopecia were analyzed using descriptive statistics in SPSS ver 16 software.
Results: Of the 96 patients studied, 71 persons (73.95%) were males and 25 persons (26.04%) were females. Also 43 persons (44.79%) were urban and 53 were rural (55.2%). The majority of patients in the city (22 patients or 51.16%) had DLE and the majority of patients in the village (49 patients or 92.45%) had kerion. The most common causes among patients with primary cicatricial alopecia were in order: DLE (25 patients or 26.04%), LPP (6 patients or 6.25%), acne keloidalis (4 patients or 4.16%), Folliculitis decalvans (2 patients or 2.08%), FFA (2 patients or 2.08%), pseudopelade of Brocq (1 patient or 1.04%). In patients with secondary cicatricial alopecia, the most common causes were in order Kerion (53 or 55.2%), followed by Morphea, cutaneous lymphoma and scarring alopecia secondary to burn with an equal prevalence (either one person or 1.04%). The mean age of patients with kerion disease was 9.77±3.18, DLE 37.32±11.67, LPP 39.5±9.46, Acne keloidalis 35.75±10.49, FD 26±6, FFA 29±1.
Conclusion: Considering the fact that the majority of patients had kerion disease (55.2%) and were rural children (92.45%), we can prevent the spread of the disease with increasing the level of hygiene as an important factor in controlling this disease and early diagnosis in children and treating them
Surveying the Level of Ethical Development of Nurses Working in Educational Hospitals of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in 2017
Get PDFNursing ethics is one of the most basic aspects of nursing profession, which nurses are required to follow the
principles receiving nursing care with confidence by patients. This study was conducted to determine the
level of moral development of nurses and its contributing factors. This descriptive, analytic study was
performed in 2017, study samples were 310 nurses working in educational hospitals of Ardabil University of
Medical Sciences. Samples were selected by convenience method. The data was collected using a
Kohlberg’s nursing dilemma test. The questionnaire included six scenarios: newborn with anomalies, forcing
medication, adult's request to die, new nurse's orientation, medication error, and uninformed terminally ill
adult. The data was analyzed by IBM SPSS 18 using descriptive and analytic tests. In this study, 51 nurses
(16.45%) were in the pre-conventional level, 101 nurses (32.58%) in the conventional level, 132 nurses
(42.58%) at the post-normal level and 26 nurses (8.38%) at the level of clinical considerations. Moral
thinking mean score was 42.58 ± 5.6 and the mean score of the clinical considerations was 21.53 ± 4.3. The
present study showed that the majority of nurses are in the post conventional and conventional level; but this
is less than 50% of all nurses, which shows that the level of moral development of nurses is in the moderate
level. It requires further investigation of the causes and related factors and more efforts for improving it
The Comparison of Topical Tranexamic acid with Anterior Nasal Packing in Epistaxis Control of the Patients on Aspirin or Clopidogrel Treatment
Get PDFBackground and objective : Epistaxis is described as bleeding from nostril, inner part of nasal cavity or nasopharynx that is a common complaint in the emergency department. It is of more importance in patients using Aspirin and/or Clopidogrel since their bleeding control becomes harder and more serious. In this study we were aiming to compare Tranexamic acid efficacy with anterior nasal packing in patients on Aspirin or Clopidogrel treatment.
Methods In this antrospective study which was done in a single blinded pattern, we divided 100 patients with the complaint of epistaxis who were taking aspirin or Clopidogrel into the two groups of 50 patients. First group underwent topical Tranexamic acid and in the second group, we used anterior nasal packing with Phenylephrine. The efficacy of both treatments on the time of hemostasis and recurrence rate were compared. The demographic data of patients including age, sex, the duration of anticoagulant drugs consumption and the doses were collected using questionnaires. All the data were analyzed with spss v 16 software.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 59.24±7.75 in the range of 45 to 75 years. Fifty two percent were males. The mean time of hemostasis was 6.70±2.35 minutes in Tranexamic acid group and 13.50±3.67 in anterior nasal packing group. Six percent (3 cases) of Tranexamic acid group showed bleeding recurrence whereas this rate was 20 percent (10 cases) in the packing group. This difference and the relation between the type of treatment and the time of discharge by means of chi square test were statistically significant.
Conclusion The results of this study showed that injectable form of Tranexamic acid with topical usage can be prescribed as an ideal medication for epistaxis hemostasis and reduce additional hospitalization costs and time
Modification of lung endoplasmic reticulum genes expression and NF-kB protein levels in obese ovalbumin-sensitized male and female rats
No full textAims: Previous studies showed a close relationship between obesity and asthma. In this study, we investigated the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress genes in the lung tissue of obese ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized male and female rats.
Main methods: The rats were divided into eight groups (n = 5 per group) as follows: female and male rats fed with normal diet (FND and MND, respectively), female and male OVA-sensitized rats fed with normal diet (FOND and M-OND, respectively), female and male rats fed with high-fat diet (F-HFD and M-HFD, respectively),
female and male OVA-sensitized rats fed with high-fat diet (F-OHFD and M-OHFD, respectively). All rats were fed with a high-fat diet or standard pelts for 8 weeks, and for another 4 weeks, they were sensitized by OVA or saline. At the end of the study, lung tissue NF-kB protein level was assessed, and ER stress markers genes
expression was determined by Real Time-PCR.
Key finding: OVA-sensitization and diet-induced obesity caused the curve of methacholine concentration-response to shift to the left. In addition, the results indicated that the EC50 (the effective concentration of methacholine generating 50% of peak response) in F-OHFD rats was statistically lower than that of the M-OHFD
group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the results showed that diet-induced obesity increased the expression of ATF4, ATF6, GRP78, XBP-1, and CHOP as well as the protein level of NF-kB in this experimental model of asthma, markedly in the F-OHFD group.
Significance: The results suggest that ER stress may be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma observed in obese OVA-sensitized rats, especially in the female animals
Comparsion of acrylamide Amounts in Types of Iranian Breads by GCMS in Ardabil
Get PDFAbstract
Introduction: About 60% of required daily protein and energy is provided by the bread. One of the materials which is formed by unsuitable condition of baking and based on the king of bread in this production is acril amid. Based on provement of cancer making of acril amid, the present research aims to determine the amount of acril amid existed in Iranian bread which are provided and distributed in Ardebil city and measure the rate of confronting with this combination.
Materials and methods: The grined and bemogenised dry bread is transmited in falcon pipe and then added to the internal standard solution (acrylamide d3). Then 2.5 ml of methanol was added and stirred. The resulting mixture was centrifuged. All of surface solution of centrifuge is taken and ferocyanid potassium and Zn acetate solutions are added and Shattered. Then from the solid phase column PSA (primary secondary amin) Passed and Shattered and then centrifuged. Transfer the supernatant into the microtube, the solvent was evaporated by nitrogen gas. The remained solvent was reached to 0.5 volume by Distilled water water and Shattered. Then 70 µL of the solution was removed and injected into GCMS. The data was analysed by PRISM software.
Findings: the results indicated that the Barbari bread had the most Acril Amid (1A3.5g/kg) and Levash bread had the least amount of Acril Amid (17.5g/kg).
Conclusion: Since the risk of non-carcinogenicity in adults is less than 1 and in infants greater than 1, the risk of non-carcinogenic risk in young children is high. The risk of carcinogenesis in both adults and young people is higher than the 1E_5 threshold, so all age groups are at high risk for cancer
Expression level of endoplasmic reticulum stress genes in the lung tissue of obese male and female ovalbumin sensitized rats
No full textBackground: Human and animal studies have shown a close relationship between obesity and the severity of asthma. In this study, we investigated the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) genes in the lung tissue of obese male and female ovalbumin sensitized rats.
Methods: The rats were divided into eight groups (n=5 per group): female with the normal diet (F+ND), male with the normal diet (M+ND), female OVA-sensitized with the normal diet (F+SND), male OVA-sensitized with the normal diet (M+SND), female with high-fat diet (F+HFD), male with high-fat diet (M+HFD), female OVA-sensitized with high-fat diet (F+SHFD), and male OVA-sensitized with high-fat diet (M+SHFD). All rats were fed for 8 weeks with high-fat diet or standard pelts, and for another 4 weeks, they were sensitized with OVA or saline. At the end of the study, the tracheal responsiveness to methacholine, the ATF4, GRP78, XBP-1, and CHOP expression were determined by Real Time-PCR.
Results: OVA-sensitization and diet-induced obesity caused the curve of methacholine concentration response to shifting to the left. In addition, results indicated that the EC50 (the effective concentration of methacholine generating 50% of peak response) in F+SHFD rats was statistically lower than M+SHFD group (p<0.05). Moreover, the results showed that diet-induced obesity increased the expression of ATF4, GRP78, XBP-1 and CHOP in the experimental model of asthma, markedly in F+SHFD group.
Conclusion: These results suggest that ER stress may be involved in the pathogenesis of obesity associated with OVA-sensitized rat’s condition, especially in female animals
The evaluation of ocular refractive error and axial length changes after scleral buckle removal
Get PDFPurpose: The present study aimed to evaluate refractive error and axial length changes after buckle removal due to buckle complications. Methods: A total of 15 patients involved in this study. The enrolled patients who had history of scleral buckling (SB) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment referred to clinic for buckle removal due to buckle-related complications. Complete ophthalmic examinations and IOLMaster (Carl Zeiss) device performed prior and 3 months after buckle removal. Also best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refractive error and axial length changes evaluated after buckle removal. Results: BCVA, refractive error, and axial length changes were not statistically significant (P value: 0.24, 0.23, 0.33, respectively). No redetachment or any other complication was observed after buckle removal. Conclusion: The study displayed induced globe shape changes due to SB are irreversible after buckle removal. In addition, it is a safe procedure and does not raise any risk of retinal redetachment
Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Potential of Phthalimide-Dithiocarbamate Hybrids as New Agents for Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
Get PDFA novel series of phthalimide-dithiocarbamate hybrids was synthesized and evaluated for in vitro inhibitory
potentials against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). The anti-cholinesterase results
indicated that among the synthesized compounds, the compounds 7g and 7h showed the most potent antiAChE and anti-BuChE activities, respectively. Molecular docking and dynamic studies of the compounds 7g and
7h, respectively, in the active site of AChE and BuChE revealed that these compounds as well interacted with
studied cholinesterases. These compounds also possessed drug-like properties and were able to cross the BBB
Exposure to high levels of PM2.5 and PM10 in the metropolis of Tehran and the associated health risks during 2016–2017
No full textThis study provides the daily, seasonal and annual variations and the related human health risk assessment from exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 in the ambient air of Tehran from January 2016 to December 2017. The hourly PM2.5 and PM10 data of ten selected air quality monitoring stations was acquired from Tehran air quality control center. The results showed that, annual mean concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 in the selected stations varied from 22.6 to 39.5 μg/m3 and from 62.5 to 104.3 μg/m3, respectively. However, Tehran citizens were exposed to concentrations of annual PM2.5 and PM10 exceeding the WHO air quality guideline (AQG), US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and Iranian standard levels during the study period. The mean of hazard quotient (HQ) for PM2.5 (6.3) and PM10 (1.6) in all age groups were >1, indicating an unacceptable risk for human health. Also, the mean of Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCRs) for PM2.5 in different age groups in 2016 and 2017 varied from 3.7 × 10−6 to 276.9 × 10−6 and from 4 × 10−6 to 306.4 × 10−6, respectively, which exceeds the limit value set by the USEPA and WHO. Based on this study, ambient air can be a potential source for exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 and increase the risk of respiratory diseases and cardiovascular problems among exposed people. Therefore, proper control policies are recommended to protect public health in this metropolitan area
Antioxidant effect of Linalool on testicular-injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in male rats
Get PDFBackground: The oxidative stress and generation of free radicals plays an important role in testicular impairment. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of linalool on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced male reproductive system damage.
Methods: In this study, 24 male rats were divided into four groups. Two of the groups were normal control group andCCl4 damage control group which received a daily dose of distilled water for 14 days. Two of the other groups were pretreatment groups; the rats in one of them received a daily dose of 25 mg/kg linalool and those in the other were administered with a daily dose of 100 mg/kg silymarin for 14 days. On the 14th day, the damage control group as well as the pretreatment groups was intraperitoneally injected with 1 ml/kg of the mixture of CCl4and olive oil (1:1). The rats in the normal control group were only administered with olive oil. 48 hours after the injection of CCl4, a part of the testis tissue was separated for conducting antioxidant and malondialdehyde (MDA) tests.
Results: The injection of CCl4 into the rats caused a significant increase in the concentration of MDA and insignificant decrease in the level of antioxidants in the testicular lysate as compared to the normal control group (P<0.01). Treatment with linalool improved the level of MDA and enhanced antioxidant as compared to the damage control group (P<0.01).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that linalool has antioxidant properties and can have a therapeutic effect against CCl4-induced testicular injuries