Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Magnetic Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube as Effective Adsorbent for Ciprofloxacin (CIP) Removal from Aqueous Solutions: Isotherm and Kinetics Studies
No full textNowadays, the presence of antibiotics in the environment has been identified as an important concern for the
various life cycle. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate ciprofloxacin (CIP) adsorption efficiency onto the
multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) and magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotube (MMWCNTs). In this
experimental study, the characteristics of the studied adsorbents were determined using SEM, FTIR and XRD
methods. The effects of operational parameters including contact time (10–120 min), initial concentration of CIP
(10–100 mg/L), adsorbent dosage (0.1–1 g/L) and pH (3–9) were evaluated. The isotherm and kinetics studies
of the CIP adsorption onto the studied adsorbents were also carried out. The adsorption efficiency increases by
increasing the contact time and adsorbent dosage, while it increased by increasing the CIP initial concentration.
The results showed that higher CIP adsorption efficiency was observed at pH = 7, adsorbent dosage of 0.5 g/L,
CIP concentration of 30 mg/L and contact time of 120 min. The isotherm and kinetics studies revealed that the
CIP adsorption data were better described by the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics
equation model. It can be concluded that both of these adsorbent
Intervention Strategies for Preventing Domestic Violence Against Women in Their Empowerment: A Systematic Review
Get PDFThe nature of errors in emergency department and the role of detectors: A qualitative study
Get PDFIntroduction: Understanding the nature of errors and the way errors are detected by nurses has a major role in preventing and reducing complications of errors. The present study aims to investigate the nature of errors and identify factors detecting errors in the emergency department. Materials and Methods: The present qualitative study was conducted with participation of 20 emergency department nurses according to Elo & Kyngas (2008) content analysis method. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews. Sampling began purposively and continued until data saturation was reached. Results: Analysis of data led to the extraction of two main categories, including nature of errors and error detectors. The nature of errors consisted of two subcategories, namely, lurking errors and indistinguishable of errors. Error detectors comprised four subcategories, namely, personal detectors, team detectors, client detectors, and organizational detectors. Conclusion: The present study results showed that errors in the emergency department are vague in nature and difficult to detect. Nurses use various sources to identify errors. In the context of the present study, human sources, especially nurses and patients have a key role in identifying and detecting errors. These sources of error detection should be reinforced by health organizations
Association of socioeconomic gradients with obesity in children
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to determine the influence of socioeconomic status on the body mass index (BMI) of primary school children.
A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 280 children aged 6 to 11 years allocated to three groups based on BMI: underweight, ideal weight and overweight/obesity. Socioeconomic status was determined based on the responses of parents/caregivers to a specific form. Data analysis involved the employment of the Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U and chi-square tests as well as simple and multiple linear regression analyses.
In the final multiple regression model, BMI was influenced by monthly household income (coef=0.223; CI: 1.014 to 1.503).
Children from families with a higher monthly income had a higher BMI
Survey of Solid Waste Management of Khomarlu City in Summer 2013
Get PDFIntroduction: Increasing the amount and variety of production waste and its inadequate management
is one of the most important problems of human society which results in environmental and health
pollution. The aim of this study was to evaluate the status of waste management in Khomarloo city
and to present appropriate solutions in summer 2013.
Materials & Methods: Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Khamarloo
city in 2013. Physical analysis of solid wastes was sampled during three months (July, August and
September). A total of 9 samples were taken at the beginning, middle and end of the week and
analyzed. To determine the density of the waste, a cylindrical metal container with a specified volume
was used and weight-volume distribution was calculated.
Result: Based on the results, the average capita generated waste was 2.02kg in summer. Average
weight percent were estimated for corruptible materials, plastics, paper, metal, glass, textiles, wood
and Others 59.31, 17.91, 7.14, 1.79, 3.85, 3.90, 3.78 and 3.31 respectively. The average specific
weight was 358.3 kg per cubic meter. Also, wet and dry waste was 59% and41% respectively.
Discussion& Conclusion: According to the results, capita-waste generated in the present study was
significant in comparison to other cities. That requires public education in order to reduce and sourceseparation.
Also, due to the high percentage of corruptible materials, composting project is a good
choice for waste management in Khomarlu
Comparison of Effectiveness of Theoretical Training Versus Operational Training in Psychiatric Medical Ethics
No full textBackground and Aim: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of theoretical training versus practical training of medical ethics to the students in the Psychiatric ward.
Materials and Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental. The study population consisted of all medical students undergoing an internship in a psychiatric ward in Ardabil Fatemi hospital. Students were evaluated from April 2016 to June 2016. Using a convenience sampling method, 36 individuals were selected and randomly assigned in two groups: 18 students in the theoretical training group (group 1) and 18 students in the operational training group (Group 2). Moral Competence Questionnaire and Professional Ethics Checklist in psychiatry were used for data collection. Data were analyzed by SPSS-21 software. Mean and standard deviation, t-test and Cohen's effect size index were used for statistical analysis.
Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the mean scores of the two groups in the Moral Competence Questionnaire and the pre-test of the Professional Ethics Checklist. After the training, the mean scores of group 2 were significantly higher than group 1 in the post-test. The two large differences were in Autonomy and Privacy respectively. Finally, according to Cohen's scale, the effectiveness of practical training was greater than theoretical training.
Conclusion: Practical training of professional ethics was more effective than theoretical training and merely emphasizing on theoretical training could not lead to adherence to professional ethics. Therefore, it is essential that during general practitioners' training, in addition to theoretical classes, other practical methods be used
Synthesis, cytotoxic effect and cell cycle analysis of novel cyclic and acyclic N-heteroaryl enamino amides on AGS, Hep-G2 and MCF-7 human cancer cell lines
Get PDFCancer is a generic term used for a group of diseases being characterized by growth, proliferation and spread of abnormal cells. Globally, cancer is the second cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. The number of new cases of cancer is increasing in many countries, leading to a serious burden on the universal health system. The main treatments for cancer include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and hormone therapy. Although prevention and advancement in treatment strategies have reduced cancer-related deaths, problems such as low selectivity, drug resistance and severe side effects of emerging drugs emphasize on design and development of new chemical entities (NCEs) with higher potency and specificity.
According to the studies on cytotoxic properties of different compounds, a number of novel N-heteroaryl enamino amide derivatives were synthesized in this project via a cost-effective method. Subsequent to purification, characterization and structural confirmation by using 1H-NMR, IR and MS methods, cytotoxic effects on human cancer cell lines AGS, Hep-G2 and MCF-7 were evaluated by MTT assay. In the next step, to evaluate the induction of cell death (apoptosis and cell necrosis), superior cytotoxic agent (5 in AGS cell line) was elucidated by flow cytometry using annexin V and propidium iodide staining.
According to the results of cytotoxicity, compound 5 with IC50= 9.9 μM in AGS, IC50=15.2 μM in MCF-7 and IC50= 40.5 μM in Hep-G2 produced the highest cytotoxicity and flow cytometry results showed that 24 h treatment of AGS cells with IC50 concentration of this compound mainly caused cell death by inducing necrosis (26.43%) and apoptosis (18.35%).
Based on structural evaluations, cyclic N-heteroaryl enamino amide structures (3,4-dihydropyrimidinone/dihydropyrimidinthiones) were more cytotoxic than acyclic structures. Within cyclic structures, the most important characteristic for creating higher cytotoxicity was presence of a strong electron withdrawing group with the ability to form hydrogen bonds at meta position of phenyl ring
Exposure to 4-methylimidazole as a food pollutant induces neurobehavioral toxicity in mother and developmental impairments in the offspring
No full text4-methylimidazole (4-MEI), is received to humans through the foods and other sources. We have investigated neurobehavioral and developmental toxicity of 4-MEI in mother and offspring in mice. Results in vivo, showed that 4-MEI (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg) can induce neurobehavioral toxicity in pregnant mice by abnormalities in the hippocampus and disrupt neurobehavioral functions. Observation on fetuses showed that 4-MEI induces abortion, decrease the weight and length of the fetus and pathological abnormalities. These results suggested 4-MEI induces neurobehavioral and developmental toxicity. It is hoped that these results will be helpful for awareness of humans which are exposed with 4-MEI
The Relationship between Sense of Coherence, Positive Thinking and Self-Disclosure with Quality
Get PDFstract Objective: The aim of this research (the present study) was to
determine the relationship between Sense of Coherence, Positive
thinking and self-disclosure with quality of life in the cancer
patients. Method: The study population of this research was
consisted of all patients with cancer in Imam Khomeini Hospital
of Ardabil in 2016.The sample of the study was 100 people that
were selected by available sampling. Data were collected by
four questionnaire: quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF), sense of
Coherence (SOC), life orientation test (LOT-R) and emotional
self-Disclosure scale (ESDS). The data were analyzed by
Pearsons correlation and Multiple Regression Analyze.
Findings: The finding showed that, there was positive
significant relationship between sense of coherence components
(comprehensibility, manageability & meaning) and positive
thinking with quality life of cancer Patients. also there was
positive significant relationship, between happiness, peace and
insentience of self-disclosure components with quality life of
cancer Patients as well as negative significant relationship
between depression, jealousy, aggressive, anxiety and fear with
quality life in cancer patients. The results of multiple regression
analyze showed that sense of coherence with 59 percent,
positive thinking with 29 percent and self-disclosure with 29
percent was to able predict the quality life of cancer patients.
Conclusion: This results may have important implications in the
field of Psychological and medical patients
