Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
ArUMS Digital Repository (سامانه اطلاعات زیست پزشکی و سلامت)Not a member yet
7752 research outputs found
Sort by
The global, regional, and national burden of colorectal cancer and its attributable risk factors in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
Get PDFBackground
Data about the global, regional, and country-specific variations in the levels and trends of colorectal cancer are required to understand the impact of this disease and the trends in its burden to help policy makers allocate resources. Here we provide a status report on the incidence, mortality, and disability caused by colorectal cancer in 195 countries and territories between 1990 and 2017.
Methods
Vital registration, sample vital registration, verbal autopsy, and cancer registry data were used to generate incidence, death, and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) estimates of colorectal cancer at the global, regional, and national levels. We also determined the association between development levels and colorectal cancer age-standardised DALY rates, and calculated DALYs attributable to risk factors that had evidence of causation with colorectal cancer. All of the estimates are reported as counts and age-standardised rates per 100 000 person-years, with some estimates also presented by sex and 5-year age groups.
Findings
In 2017, there were 1·8 million (95% UI 1·8–1·9) incident cases of colorectal cancer globally, with an age-standardised incidence rate of 23·2 (22·7–23·7) per 100 000 person-years that increased by 9·5% (4·5–13·5) between 1990 and 2017. Globally, colorectal cancer accounted for 896 000 (876 300–915 700) deaths in 2017, with an age-standardised death rate of 11·5 (11·3–11·8) per 100 000 person-years, which decreased between 1990 and 2017 (−13·5% [–18·4 to −10·0]). Colorectal cancer was also responsible for 19·0 million (18·5–19·5) DALYs globally in 2017, with an age-standardised rate of 235·7 (229·7–242·0) DALYs per 100 000 person-years, which decreased between 1990 and 2017 (−14·5% [–20·4 to −10·3]). Slovakia, the Netherlands, and New Zealand had the highest age-standardised incidence rates in 2017. Greenland, Hungary, and Slovakia had the highest age-standardised death rates in 2017. Numbers of incident cases and deaths were higher among males than females up to the ages of 80–84 years, with the highest rates observed in the oldest age group (≥95 years) for both sexes in 2017. There was a non-linear association between the Socio-demographic Index and the Healthcare Access and Quality Index and age-standardised DALY rates. In 2017, the three largest contributors to DALYs at the global level, for both sexes, were diet low in calcium (20·5% [12·9–28·9]), alcohol use (15·2% [12·1–18·3]), and diet low in milk (14·3% [5·1–24·8]).
Interpretation
There is substantial global variation in the burden of colorectal cancer. Although the overall colorectal cancer age-standardised death rate has been decreasing at the global level, the increasing age-standardised incidence rate in most countries poses a major public health challenge across the world. The results of this study could be useful for policy makers to carry out cost-effective interventions and to reduce exposure to modifiable risk factors, particularly in countries with high incidence or increasing burden
Impact of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training on sleep quality and cardiac structure and function in inactive obese girls
Get PDFBackground and Aim:Aerobic exercise plays an important rolein prevention of obesity,improvement of sleep quality and cardiovascular function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 8weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training on sleep quality, and also cardiac structure and function in inactive obese girls. Materials and Methods: Inthis study,20 inactive obese girls (mean age; 18 year, mean BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) participated voluntarilyand were randomly assigned to exercise (E, n=10) and control (C, n=10) groups. Exercise group participated in aerobic exercise program for 8 weeks (60 min/day, 3 times/week, 50%-70% maximal heart rate). Control group maintained their daily routinephysical activity for 8 weeks. At baseline and after 8 weeks of the training program, both groups were evaluated for cardiac function and structure, and also sleep quality by use ofechocardiography and sleep quality questionnairerespectively.T-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. p≤0.05 was considered significant.Results:Sleep quality improvedsignificantly in the exercise group compared to that in thecontrol group (p ≤ 0/05). Amongcardiac structural and functional indices, only cardiac output significantly increased in exercise group compared tothat in thecontrol group (p ≤ 0/05). Conclusion: 8 weeks of moderate intensity aerobic exercise training improved sleep quality in inactive obese girls. However,except forcardiac output, it did notcreateany significant change in other cardiac structural and functional indices. Keywords: Obese girls, Cardiac structural and functional indices, Sleep quality, Aerobic exercis
Evalution of the Standard Indexes of Emergency Before and After of Emergency Medicine Specialists Establishment in Emergency Unit of Meshkin-Shahr Valiasr Hospital
Get PDFBackground&Objective: Emergency department has always been one of the great importance due to its reception of the most diverse and sensitive groups of patients. The presence of an emergency medicine specialist leads and guides most acute and non-acute issues in the emergency department. Emergency medicine specialists have been established in Meshgin Shahr Valiasr Hospital for more than four years. However, there is no study to evaluation of emergency department indexes after establishment of emergency medicine specialist. This study aimed to evaluate of emergency indicators and compare it with standard emergency indexes check out the usefulness of the positive effects of the presence of these colleagues.
Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study that was conducted cross-sectionally
(before and after),The observed years were 1393 (before the establishment of
emergency medicine specialist) and 1395 (after the establishment of emergency
medicine specialist). The target community was all of patients referred to emergency
department of Valiasr hospital that have been visited by a general practitioner
(in 1393) and an emergency medicine specialist (in 1395),Samples were selected
randomly for data collection and registered by using the proportionate checklist to
study goals.The cut-off pointed for the period before the deployment of Farvardin first to Esfand twenty ninth 1393 and for after the deployment of Farvardin first to Esfand twenty ninth, 1395 (in terms of emergency medicine deployment since mid-2014).
Results: According to this study, after the deployment of emergency medicine
specialist, the patients' triage duration (p:0<001) - length of staying time in the
emergency department (p:0.001) the rate of abandonment with personal consent has
clearly decreased and the assignment of patients has been done more quickly )p:0003).
Conclusion: The Presence of emergency medicine specialists have been made in
reduction of the duration of patients' triage - length of staying time and determining
their early assignment in the emergency department
The Effect of Health Reform Plan on Job Satisfaction among Nurses in Governmental Hospitals at Ardebil and Khalkhal Cites
Get PDFBackground: Nurses are one of the main members of the health and treatment team; therefore, attention to job satisfaction is an important factor affecting the quality of health services provided by them. In recent years, improving healthcare has been one of the main concerns of staff in this area. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the health reform plan (HRP) on job satisfaction of nurses working in public hospitals at Ardebil and Khalkhal cities. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was conducted on the 380 nurses who worked in public hospitals of Ardebil and Khalkhal cities, in 2017. Job satisfaction was assessed via Whiskey and Chrome occupational satisfaction, and researcher-made questionnaires on the effect of change design on nurses' satisfaction. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Results: The findings of this study showed that the mean total score of nurses' satisfaction was 22.14±6.75. Also, the mean total score of satisfaction of the HRP was 22.14±6.75. The moderate satisfaction of the HRP among nurses was 35.62%. Also, HRP could not change job satisfaction in 51.84% of nurses. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that nurses' job satisfaction was moderate and that the implementation of HRP has not been able to improve their satisfaction
A study on the level of evolution and ethical intelligence in medical students of Ardebil university of medical sciences during the 97-98 academic year
Get PDFBackground and Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of development and moral intelligence in medical students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in the academic year of 1397-98. In terms of purpose, the present study is of applied type.
Methods: In terms of method, it is descriptive and in terms of method of data collection for testing hypotheses, the research method is survey. The statistical population of this study includes all medical students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, which is 556 people. Questionnaires were distributed among these students and finally 437 correct questionnaires were returned and analyzed. MCQ and MDQ questionnaires were used to collect the required data. Medical students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences were interviewed using census method. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 25.
Results: The present study shows that 5 students with 1.1% in the first level, 70 students with 16% in the second level, 168 students with 38.4% in the third level and 194 students with 44.4% in the first level. There are four levels of moral development.
Conclusion: In line with the results, it is suggested that the principals of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences express their principles, values, and beliefs that guide their actions to students so that students can use these principles. To develop and enhance moral intelligence
Isolation of compounds from fraction of ethyl acetate extract of levisticum officinale
Get PDFIntroduction: Recently, medicinal plants have been noticed by many people, especially pharmaceutical scientist researchers; plants are massive resource for discovering the compounds with pharmacologic and biologic activity. As several studies were performed to determine treatment effects of medicinal plants and their chemical compositions.
Levisticum officinale has antimicrobial activity. In this research, one of the ethyl acetate fractions of the root, was investigated for isolation and identification of antibacterial compounds against E.coli and S.aureus.
Method: Chromatography methods, including column chromatography and thin layer chromatography was used for isolation of the compounds . Also for identification of the isolated compounds, 1D NMR (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR) and 2D NMR (H-H COSY, HSQC and HMBC) methods was used.
Results: One compound was isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction. This compound with Iupac name of (E)-4-hydroxycinnamyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) acrylate is one of the ferulic acid derivatives with acceptable antibacterial effect against S.aureus and E.coli
1,2,3-Triazoles based 3-substituted 2-thioquinoxalines: Synthesis, anti-bacterial activities, and molecular docking studies
No full textNew 1,2,3-triazoles based on 3-Substituted 2-thioquinoxalines were synthesized via a copper-catalyzed
click reaction. The new 1,2,3-triazoles were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activities and were
subjected to molecular docking studies. The starting materials included, 3-substituted-2-
propargylthioquinoxalines were prepared from 2,3-dichloroquinoxaline, aliphatic amines, sodium sulfide,
and propargyl bromide. The click of 2-propargythioquinoxalines with aryl azides catalyzed by
copper(II) salen complex afforded novel 1,2,3-triazole-linked thioquinoxalines derivatives. The use of
salen copper(II) complex as a catalyst, increased the reaction rate and reduced the loading of the toxic
copper species. Results obtained from the in vitro anti-bacterial activities of the synthesized compounds
revealed that compounds 7e, 7g, and 7k are active against Bacillus subtilis and Micrococcus luteus bacteria.
Furthermore, in silico molecular docking results stipulated a sign of good correlation between
experimental activity and calculated binding affinity. Docking studies proved 7e as the most potent
compound. In addition, the binding maps exhibited activities that may attribute to the existence of
electron donating and lipophilic group at para position of phenyl ring and hydrophobic interactions and
hydrogen bond with the protein active sites
Evaluation of Intra-hospital mortality and morbidity and six-month follow up of patients with myocardial infarction referred to Imam Hospital in year 2018-2019
Get PDFBackground & Objective:Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of disability and premature death worldwide. Adjustment of risk factors has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality in people with diagnosed or even undiagnosed cardiovascular disease. Therefore, recognition of these risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, gender, age, type of treatment (primary coronary intervention versus thrombolytic therapy) and having a positive family history and their effects on disease progression to reduce mortality and morbidity in all patients, Post-myocardial infarction is essential, and since most studies discussion the acute phase of myocardial infarction, we examined mortality and morbidity over a six-month period.
Methods:This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. In this study, 322 patients admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardabil during a six-month period with the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction and their mortality and morbidity rates and their relationship with age, gender, risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, Family history) and the type of treatment performed. The data of all patients will be collected in special forms and will be analyzed using SPSS software.
Results:Of the 322 patients studied, 27 died, all of whom were older (over 59 years), and about 125 had morbidity over the course of 6 months, the majority (78%) being older. In terms of gender, mortality and morbidity rates were lower in men than in women. In terms of risk factors for diabetes and hypertension and positive family history, these factors had a significant impact on mortality and morbidity at first glance and in terms of the type of treatment the findings showed that streptokinase injection was superior to primary coronary intervention with mortality and morbidity .
Conclusion:Findings showed that mortality and morbidity rate in acute myocardial infarction was directly related to the type of treatment (primary coronary intervention versus streptokinase injection), age, sex, being diabetic, having hypertension and having a positive family history
Effect of Crocin on protein levels of CHOP and Caspase12 in the lung tissue of ovalbumin sensitized mice
No full textObjective: Crocin, a diterpenoid glycoside that has been shown to have many functions, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, smooth muscle relaxant and anti-allergy. In this study, we evaluated the potential role of crocin on CHOP and Caspase 12 protein levels as proteins involved in the apoptotic pathway in the lung tissue of ovalbumin-sensitized mice.
Method and Materials: Mice were divided into 6 groups (8 mouse per group): control group (control), ovalbumin group (OVA), ovalbumin + crocin 25 group (OVA + Cr25), ovalbumin + crocin 50 group (OVA + Cr50), oalbumin + crocin 100 group (OVA) + Cr100), and ovalbumin + dexamethasone group (OVA + Dex). The mice were sensitized by ovalbumin or normal saline and at the end of the study, inflammation, pathological changes, and protein levels of Caspase 12 and CHOP in the lung tissue of mice were determined by ELISA.
Results: Sensitization with ovalbumin significantly increased the pathological changes and inflammation of the lung tissue compared to the control group. The protein levels of CHOP ((4.92±0.60) vs. (1.49±0.27)) and Caspase 12 ((1.47±0.18) vs. (0.68±0.15)) were also higher in the lung tissue of mice exposed to ovalbumin compared to the control group (P<0.001 for both). Intervention with crocin caused a significant decrease in pathological changes and inflammation as well as protein levels of CHOP and Caspase 12 compared to the ovalbumin group, which was more pronounced at high doses of crocin.
Conclusion: These results showed that crocin suppresses airway inflammation and protein levels of CHOP and Caspase 12 in the asthmatic model of mice, so crocin may have great potential for asthma treatment
Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome in a 6-Year-Old Girl with Final Diagnosis of Celiac Disease
Get PDFBackground. Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) occurs when the duodenum is compressed between the two arteries, superior mesenteric artery and aorta. The complications of this rarely found disorder in children range from causing trouble in duodenal functions to intestinal obstruction which is potentially life-threatening. Case Presentation. Here we are reporting a case of SMAS in a 6-year-old girl with the complaint of chronic abdominal pain since 3 years. She suffered from growth failure, while different workups were negative. Ultimately, imaging investigations detected superior mesenteric artery syndrome as an etiologic background. In the additional investigations, it is found that she suffered from celiac disease. Conclusion. We concluded that the inflammatory nature of the celiac disease can affect the anatomy of the duodenum beyond its mucosal surface in the mesenteric fat tissue and results in SMAS