Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Applying Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Viral Infections and Toxicological Considerations
Get PDFBackground: Despite the tremendous progress in human medicine, viral infections can cause death in them. Due to the high prevalence of viruses, it is required to develop novel treatment strategies and provide the site-specific delivery of antiviral agents at the viral reservoirs.
Objectives: Particle size is a vital physical characteristic that can affect the bioavailability and
circulation time of nanoparticles. The ratio of large surface area and volume of nanoparticle could enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drug compounds.
Methods: Therefore, the optimum surface charge of the nanoparticle with the possibility of encapsulation and large drug cargo, are some of the nanoformulation advantages of these agents.
Results: This study reviewed various nanocarriers and modern smart delivery technologies, such as liposomes and immunoliposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, nanoemulsions,
nanosuspensions, dendrimers, solid lipid nanoparticles, and so on.
Conclusion: We aimed to overcome the problems of traditional formulations and resistance to currently available therapies in various infections. Moreover, the concerns about the potential toxicities of nanoparticles to humans have been raised; therefore, the present study has reviewed the toxicity effects of nanoparticles used in controlling viral infections
Effects of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on serum levels of interleukin-6 and sirtuin 1 in COPD patients
Get PDFObjective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by systemic inflammation and accelerated inflammaging of the lungs. Some studies showed that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of CLA supplementationon serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and sirtuin1 (SIRT1) in patients with COPD.
Materials and Methods: 82 patients with stable COPD were enrolled in a double blind clinical trial. Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups: placebo (n=42) and 3.2 g CLA daily supplementation (n=40). Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%), BODE index, and serum levels of IL-6, and SIRT1 were measured at the baseline and six weeks after the intervention. In addition, the study parameters in the two groups were compared based on the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria.
Results: After supplementation with CLA, serum levels of IL-6 and BODE index significantly decreased (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively). In addition, serum levels of SIRT1 (p<0.01) and FEV1 (p<0.001) significantly increased in the supplementation group. Based on GOLD criteria, the increase in SIRT1 and the decrease in IL-6 serum levels were found to be statistically significant in stages III and IV in the supplementation group (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively)
Conclusion: Supplementation with CLA can modify the inflammatory markers and improve the health status of COPD patients. The results suggest that CLA supplementation in COPD patients can be useful in the management of the disease
Prevalence of cytomegalovirus and causes of infection in Ardabil city
Get PDFBackground and Objective: Cytomegalovirus (Cytomegalovirus) is one of the herpes viruses in the beta subfamily of the herpesviridae family. The natural hosts are primates (such as monkeys and humans). The species that infects humans is usually called human HHV-5 or CMV. The Cytomegalovirus is the largest virus in size that infects humans and can be transmitted through blood transfusions and products, bone marrow transplants and solid tissues. Cytomegalovirus is one of the most important blood-borne viruses that can cause severe and even fatal complications in low birth weight infants, immunocompromised patients and transplant recipients.
Methods: In this study, 421 population of 1-69 years old in Ardabil were randomly selected and entered into the study. After obtaining consent, blood samples were taken and serum was isolated. ELISA test was used to detect IgG antibodies in human serum. A dedicated CMV kit was used for this purpose. Individual information was collected using a questionnaire provided by the IARC. Information collected from the subjects included age, gender, education level, history of blood preparation and sampling season. The aim of this study was to determine the total number of people infected with CMV (those who have been infected in the past and those who have recently been infected with the virus), which were evaluated to achieve this purpose in patients' serum IgG antibodies.
Results: In the present study, the prevalence of cytomegalovirus in the age group of 1 to 5 years was 77.7%, which increased with age, with 80% in the age group of 6 to 10 years, 92.3% in the age group of 11 to 15 years and in some age groups. 100% were infected. There was a significant relationship between age and test result. There was no significant difference between sexes and seroepidemiology of IgG cytomegalovirus antibody. In this study, 421 patients were studied, 96% of whom were positive for cytomegalovirus antibodies. Mean grade of antibody was 114.36 ±79.03.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that the prevalence of CMV positive in Ardabil is higher than other studies. The prevalence of cytomegalovirus was correlated with age and education level and was not correlated with factors such as gender, sampling season, and history of receiving blood products
Socioeconomic-related inequalities in oral hygiene behaviors: a cross-sectional analysis of the PERSIAN cohort study
Get PDFBackground: Socioeconomic-related inequality in oral hygiene behaviors in Iran is poorly understood. This study aims to measure and decompose socioeconomic-related inequalities in oral hygiene behaviors among middle-aged and elderly adults in Iran.
Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN), a large national cohort study. A total of 130,016 individuals aged 35 years and above from 17 cohort centers in Iran were included in the study. The normalized concentration index (Cn) was used to measure the magnitude of inequality in oral hygiene behaviors, i.e. brushing at least twice and flossing once daily, among middle-aged and elderly Iranian adults included in the cohort centers. Decomposition analysis was performed to quantify the contribution of each determinant to the observed inequality in oral hygiene behaviors.
Results: Totally, 65.5% of middle-aged and elderly adults brushed their teeth twice a day or more, 7.6% flossed at least once a day and 3.48% had both habits. The estimated Cn of the two habits combined, i.e. tooth brushing and dental flossing, for all provinces taken part in the PERSIAN cohort study was 0.399 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.383 to 0.417), indicating that the prevalence of the two habits combined is more concentrated among individuals with higher socioeconomic status. Inequality in oral hygiene behaviors was pro-rich in all cohort centers. The decomposition results suggested socioeconomic status as the main factor contributing to the overall inequality, followed by the level of education, and the province of residence.
Conclusion: A low prevalence of oral hygiene behaviors among middle-aged and elderly Iranian adults was observed. There was also a pro-rich inequality in oral hygiene behaviors among middle-aged and elderly adults in all cohort centers. These results suggest an urgent need for targeted policy interventions to increase the prevalen
Evaluation of the relationship between Clinical Findings and imaging (Mammography or Ultrasound) of BI-RADS 4a or 4b in Predicting outcome of CNB (Core Needle Biopsy) in Patients with breast mass.
No full textBackground and objective: Breast cancer in the most Common cancer in women and the second Leading Cause of cancer death in Iranian women. Extensive use of mammography and ultrasound in breast cancer diagnosis improves survival of Patients . Contradictory results on the sensitivity and specificity of mammography and ultrasound have been reported in Various studies. The aim of this was to evaluate the relationship between clinical findings and BI-RADS 4a or 4b imaging in predicting CNB outcome in Patients with breast mass.
Methods: In this descriptive – Cross sectional study , 81 women Patient with breast masses who had paraclinic. ultrasound or mammography (according to BI-RADS 4a or 4b) and pathologic response from the CNB and Imam Khomeini and Fatemeh training Center in Ardabil city Complete questionnaires such as : demographic information , age , prayer reading , place of residence , Occupation , sports activity. ets. Completed , Required information for studying and collecting date. Statical analysis wan performed.
Results: The median age of Patients in this study was 38 years and age range was at last 18 years and maximum 74 years. Statical analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between age of Patients , BI-RADS ultrasound , BI-RADS (4a or 4b) ultrasound and mammography with malignant breast mass. There was.
Conclusion: Patients presenting with breast mass with a median age of 38 years and age range of at last 18 years and up to 74 years with BI-RADS ultrasound (4a or 4b) and BI-RADS mammography
4a or 4b) are recommended to perform CNB)
Food choice motivations among Ardabil–Iran adults?
No full textPurpose–This study aims to investigate the food choice motivations and some healthy food intake amongArdabil adults with different socioeconomic status.Design/methodology/approach–The analysis is based on a focus group study conducted inSeptember 2018. Self-assessed other food choice motivations, healthy food intake and socioeconomic statuswere reported in questionnaires. The study data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test andx2test ingroups of study.Findings–Price was a primary motivation of food choice for low-level socioeconomic status persons. Thewealthiest people total vegetable consumption was 3.59Â60.004 serving/day, whereas the total vegetableconsumption of poorest participants was significantly less than them (p= 0.012). Of the socioeconomicscategory 1 (SEC1) group participants, 82 per cent said that they consider food price when they werepurchasing for their households, while only 28 per cent of SEC4 group said that they consider food priceswhen food choosing. Only 1 per cent of this group participants pay attention to food label when they choosefoods.Originality/value–This is thefirst study that investigated the food choice motivations in Ardabil adults.The results indicated that food price is the most critical food choice motivation. Based on this study results,the food policymaker can change people food security and food choices with some programs like as healthyfood subsidies and unhealthy food taxes
Upregulation of FSHR and PCNA by administration of coenzyme Q10 on cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian failure in a mouse model
No full textCyclophosphamide (CTX) has been broadly used in the clinic for the treatment of autoimmune disorders and ovarian cancer. The process of chemotherapy has significant toxicity in the reproductive system as it has detrimental effects on folliculogenesis, which leads to an irreversible premature ovarian failure (POF). Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has positive impacts on the reproductive system due to its antioxidant properties, protecting the cells from free-radical oxidative damage and apoptosis. However, little is known about the possible synergistic effect of CTX and CoQ10 on the expression of genes involved in folliculogenesis, such as proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR). A total of 32 NMRI mice were applied and divided into four groups, including healthy control, CTX, CTX + CoQ10, and CoQ10 groups. The effects of CoQ10 on CTX-induced ovarian injury and folliculogenesis were examined by histopathological and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses. The rates of fertilization (in vitro fertilization), embryo development, as well as the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in metaphase II (MII) mouse oocytes after PMSG/HCC treatment were also assessed. Results showed that the treatment with CTX decreased the mRNA expression of PCNA and FSHR, IVF rate, and embryo development whereas the application of CoQ10 successfully reversed those factors. CoQ10 administration significantly enhanced histological morphology and decreased ROS levels and the number of atretic follicles in the ovary of CTX-treated mice. In conclusion, it seems that the protective effect of CoQ10 is exerted via the antioxidant and proliferative properties of this substance on CTX-induced ovarian damage
Investigation of Some Medicinal Plants Inhibitory Effect on NO Production in Oxidative Stressed PC12 Cells
No full textBackground: Nitric oxide and reactive nitrogen species play an important role in various pathological conditions like cancer, inflammation and neurodegeneration. As plants and natural compounds have a great potency of discovering lead compounds which might affect NO production during inflammation and various pathologies, we examined the effects of three medicinal plants native to Iran, on NO production during oxidative stress in PC12 cells.
Methods: In this study, cell death and NO levels were measured by MTT and by Griess assay, respectively. Oxidative stress was induced by hydrogen peroxide and extracts of Astragalus jolderensis, Convolvulus commutatus and Salvia multicaulis were used as pretreatment in oxidative stressed PC12 cells.
Results: A. jolderensis extract significantly suppressed NO production in 150 and 200 μg/ml concentrations and C. commutatus extract in all concentration inhibited NO production in stressed PC12 cells. In addition, the extract of S. multicaulis inhibited NO production during stress at all concentrations above 50 μg/ml. Besides, the extract of S. multicaulis showed protective effect at lower doses in stressed cells.
Conclusion: According to the results, S. multicaulis inhibited NO production and protected cells from oxidative stress. Hence, S. multicaulis is a good candidate for further in vitro and in vivo investigations. A. jolderensis and C. commutatus also suppressed NO production during stress. Therefore, they could be noticed in experiments that centralize on the inhibition of NO production and drug discovery studies in the field of neurodegenerative and chronic inflammatory diseases
