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Board of directors and value of Chilean companies
Full text linkIntroduction: Boards of directors are key to organizational performance. This study analyzes the composition of boards in non-financial Chilean companies between 2019 and 2022, focusing on the number of members, female participation, and professional diversity. Objective: To assess how these characteristics impact management practices and the strategic direction of organizations. Methodology: A statistical description and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the relationship between the variables and the company's value (Price to Book, Price to Sales, and EV to EBITDA). Results: The analysis shows an average of 7.9 members per board, low female participation, and a concentration in five professional areas. The number of members is positively related to the company's value in all cases. Female participation shows a negative relationship, while professional diversity has a positive impact in some cases, although not significant in others. Additionally, company size and indebtedness also influence company value. Conclusions: The number of board members positively impacts company value, while female participation and professional diversity show a less clear influence
Healthy organizational practices and psychological capital of university professors: case study of a Colombian institution
Full text linkIntroduction: This article is set within the context of healthy organizations, which are understood to contribute to the physical and emotional well-being of employees through practices that impact organizational climate, individual self-fulfillment, and social responsibility. Objective: The purpose was to study the relationship between healthy organizational practices and psychological capital within a Colombian university's School of Economic Sciences. Methodology: A quantitative, correlational approach was used, employing structural equation modeling to analyze data collected in March 2022. Results: The findings indicate that professors positively perceive organizational practices, with scores generally above average. In terms of psychological capital, hope is the highest-scoring factor, reflecting confidence in the future despite the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, relatively low optimism was observed, pointing to challenges in facing day-to-day difficulties. Conclusions: The model reveals a positive correlation between the constructs, indicating that the implementation of strategies to improve the physical, mental, and social well-being of professors may be associated with an increase in self-efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism
Impact of chisel plowing on soil physical properties in rice (Oryza Sativa L.) cultivation
Full text linkThe continuous use of agricultural machinery in rice (Oryza Sativa L.) cultivation throughout its vegetative cycle increase in apparent density and resistance to penetration into the soil, which affects the development of the crop and its performance. Thus, seeking a more sustainable agriculture, it was proposed to evaluate the soil's physical properties and crop yield, modifying the conventional preparation with a harrow using a chisel on the USCO’s Farm in Palermo (Huila, Colombia). Four experimental treatments were implemented: three with different chisel passes and a control with conventional plowing, in which real density, bulk density, and porosity were evaluated before and after tillage, and after harvest. The statistical analysis was carried out through analysis of variance, and the techno-economic analysis was carried out based on the production and operation costs between the two types of tillage. The results showed that after tillage, the bulk density decreased by 13.5% in the control and 11.5% in T3. These effects increased porosity between 23.0 and 31.6% in the area with greater tillage. After the harvest, a resilient response of the soil was found, which recovered 9.5 and 12.4% of the apparent density in T3 and T4, respectively. The use of reduced tillage with chisel did not make a significant difference in production (Control: 7.8 t ha-1, T1 and T2: 8.2 t ha-1, and T3: 8.4 t ha-1), but it was more economical and less aggressive for the soil in structural terms
Mathematical foundations for Computer Science with MATLAB: A course about computer programming fundamentals
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Nivel de conocimiento sobre las medidas de bioseguridad que toman los estudiantes de Enfermería de una universidad durante el año 2022
Full text linkIntroducción: El conocimiento de las normas de bioseguridad favorece la atención de calidad y libre de riesgos para el paciente y el personal de salud. Objetivo: Identificar el nivel de conocimientos de las medidas de bioseguridad en estudiantes de Enfermería del último año de la carrera en una universidad de Barranquilla, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio epidemiológico descriptivo de corte transversal, con muestreo no probabilístico que estuvo compuesto por 89 estudiantes. El instrumento utilizado fue el “nivel de conocimiento de medidas de bioseguridad de estudiantes de Enfermería”. El análisis de relación entre variables en estudio y el nivel de conocimiento de la población objetivo se realizó aplicando la prueba Chi-cuadrado, con un IC 95 %. Las técnicas estadísticas se aplicaron con ayuda del software estadístico Statgraphics, versión 16. Resultados: Prevaleció el nivel de conocimiento medio con un 24,72 % y bajo con un 75,28 %. Además, se observó una diferencia mínima al relacionar el nivel de conocimiento con el semestre académico, donde el 85 % de los encuestados desconocían el concepto de residuos peligrosos. Conclusión: El nivel de conocimiento medio y bajo representa una situación alarmante, producto probablemente de la enseñanza virtual por el confinamiento durante la pandemia por COVID-19
Reflection on responsible social innovation from the optics of higher education
Full text linkIntroduction: This reflection article presents an analysis of innovation with a social and responsible focus from the perspective of higher education. Objective: Likewise, it offers a reflection on the emerging concept of Responsible Social Innovation from the perspective of Higher Education, considering an interdisciplinary approach. Methodology: The research was conducted using a phenomenological design, employing qualitative techniques following an analytical and interdisciplinary approach. A reflection was carried out based on a systematic review of the literature, where theoretical foundations were identified to enable the reflection from the standpoint of Higher Education. Results: The findings show that Responsible Social Innovation is an evolving concept grounded in innovation and social responsibility theories. It also highlights how universities act as change agents, driving such innovations through the creation of startups, business models, and processes with a responsible orientation. Conclusions: The theoretical limitations of Responsible Social Innovation complicate the understanding of this approach. Contributions are needed to promote the generation of models and tools in the design of strategies with this perspective. Universities must design policies that promote innovations with this focus in order to address global issues
Evaluation of dentistry professors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Full text linkIntroduction: Student evaluations of professors through surveys are valuable instruments for adjusting to higher education. During the COVID-19 pandemic, face-to-face education was suspended to comply with health guidelines. Objective: To determine the effect of technology-mediated learning on professors' evaluations of students in the Dentistry academic program at Universidad del Valle for theoretical subjects before and during the pandemic. Materials and methods: A descriptive and retrospective study was conducted. The quantitative phase utilized the faculty evaluation system database. The periods 2018 (n = 218), 2019 (n = 296), 2020 (n = 68), and 2021 (n = 347) were reviewed, and the years 2018-2019 and 2020-2021 were compared. The qualitative phase employed the focus group technique. Results: The median faculty evaluation 2018 was 4.84/5.0, in 2019: 4.94/5.0, in 2020: 4.87/5.0, and in 2021: 4.75/5.0. Significant differences between 2018 and 2019 (p = 0.047) and 2019 and 2021 (p = 0.00) were found. The content analysis of the two focus groups generated four categories: student study methodologies, discipline and routines, professor teaching methodologies, and emotions and socialization. Conclusions: For students, face-to-face learning remains crucial in the educational process
Gestión sanitaria y satisfacción en usuarios de Centros de salud pública, 2022
Full text linkIntroducción: La gestión sanitaria es crucial para la calidad y eficiencia de los servicios de salud. Objetivo: Identificar la influencia de la gestión sanitaria en la satisfacción de los usuarios del Centro de Salud Metropolitano en Tacna, Perú, durante 2022. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo correlacional con una muestra por conveniencia de 200 pacientes. Se aplicaron tres cuestionarios propios para evaluar la percepción de eficacia, calidad y satisfacción. Los datos se analizaron con el programa SPSS.25. Resultados: Se observó niveles aceptables de eficacia, calidad y satisfacción. La mayoría de usuarios se mostró satisfecho con las instalaciones (62 %), el personal (60 %) y la demanda (62 %). Además, el 41,5 % valoró positivamente la administración de insumos económicos y humanos. Los usuarios mencionaron recibir una atención integral y empática del personal médico (20,5 %). La correlación de Spearman mostró una relación significativa entre gestión sanitaria y satisfacción del usuario (p=0,000<0,05), siendo mayor en el indicador de calidad del servicio (0,425). Conclusión: La gestión sanitaria influyó positivamente en la satisfacción de los usuarios, destacándose la calidad y eficacia, especialmente en organización y administración sanitaria