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CEO Characteristics and Compensation in Fortune 100 Companies
Get PDFThe existing literature on CEO compensation places heavy emphasis on the interrelationships between educational background and personal experiences of a CEO and how it affects a firm’s performance and, in-turn, how the firm’s performance impacts the CEO compensation. However, there is sparse research on the direct impact that socio-demographic factors and other variables have on CEO compensation. This dissertation’s aim is to identify if socio-demographic factors play a role in how a firm compensates its CEOs by using information gathered from the CEOs of the top Fortune 100 companies.
Given the non-random and limited sample, the primary research methods in this dissertation are a detailed literature review followed by descriptive analysis of the variables of interest such as the salary, bonus stock, and total compensation given to CEOs in the Fortune 100 firms from the year 2020. The socio-demographic characteristics such as gender, age, race, experience in the field, educational attainment, educational institution, and whether the individual was a founder of the company were gathered individually using various resources, since this data is not easily available in annual reports of all firms. The other independent control variables such as market value of firm in billions, industry sector to which the firm belongs, and whether the firm is a public company or not were also included in the analyses.
The primary finding of the dissertation was that the trends in the compensation variables for CEOs of the Top Fortune 100 firms are consistent, for the most part, with what the literature suggests. Given the small and non-random sample, making large-scale conclusions regarding how all CEOs are compensated would be erroneous. However, one of the most important findings of the analysis is that neither gender nor race play a significant role in the way CEOs are compensated (there is no discrimination). CEOs attending private universities for their highest degree and CEOs that work for consumer product industries tend to have higher compensations than their counterparts.
While the study includes linear regressions more as a theoretical construct due to the sample limitations, they do indicate a weak level of causality between some socio-demographic background variables and the compensations of the CEOs. If this type of individual data was collected on larger samples of CEOs and randomized, one can expect a more generalizable result, but this type of data collection can be costly in terms of time and resources. The author concludes that there appears to be some relationship between certain achievement-based socio-demographic variables and the compensation packages which needs to be analyzed further
The Impact of E-Service Quality on the Customer Satisfaction of Electronic and Small Appliances Online Shoppers in Saudi Arabia
Get PDFThe objective of this quantitative study, which utilized a non-experimental, correlational predictive design, was to evaluate the association between perceptions of e-service quality by Saudi Arabian adult residents and their overall satisfaction with the online retailer from which they buy their electronics and small appliances products. The study also sought to determine to what extent e-service quality factors, as a group and independently, predict the customer satisfaction of the participants of this study. The participants of this study were limited to adults (18 years of age or older), male and female, who live in any region of Saudi Arabia, and have at least completed one transaction over the internet to buy electronics and small electrical appliances products.This study utilized a non-probability convenience sampling method “in which [the] respondents are chosen based on convenience and availability” (Creswell & Creswell, 2018, p. 150). The actual sample was 658 complete responses, which were more than 277 responses required by G*Power analysis. The study adopted Vajrapna’s (2019) scale to measure independent variables (overall e-service quality and its components) and dependent variable (e-customer satisfaction). The e-service quality consisted of seven components that include 36 measured attributes. The e-customer satisfaction consisted of five measured perceptions. The participants in the survey were invited to participate via social media applications, and data were collected using the QualtricsXM survey platform. Simple and multiple regression tests were used to analyze data and reach conclusions. The finding of this study revealed the importance of information quality component in influencing e-customer satisfaction. E-tailers that manage to improve the information presented on their website to match customer preference would gain a competitive edge over those who do not. The research suggested that Saudi e-tailers should activate the role of omni-channel to create a barrier of entry over international rivals with no physical store
COVID-19\u27s impact on the individual
Get PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic has been a profound experience from people all around the world. Having lived through a pandemic, I can definitely say I have learned so many lessons and will always remember them. The two most important factors that impacted me during the pandemic would have to be occupational wellness and physical health.
I started working a nursing assistant job at a pediatric unit during the peak time of the pandemic. This was also the first job that I had ever worked in my life. Stepping into a medical role in the middle of the pandemic was something that I would consider as an accomplishment. I had to learn about how a hospital functions as well as how it operates under a pandemic. There were so many stressful situations in which I had to be floated to different floors despite being a beginner to my own floor. During this time, I learned how to be quick on my feet and to think of solutions when a problem arises. Even though I learned so many things from this job, it was very difficult to always keep a positive attitude and come to work everyday. Due to the pandemic and certain protocols, the working conditions were very stressful and sometimes I would forget that I was performing a service and helping people. Looking back, I am proud to say that I worked for almost a year and I do not regret this experience in anyway.
The next area that I struggled with was maintaining my physical health and wellbeing. Prior to the pandemic, I enjoyed going on outdoor walks with my neighbors as well as going to the gym. I wasn\u27t someone who kept up a strict or constant routine but the outdoor walks was a past time that I used to de-stress. During the initial stages of the pandemic, no matter how close family friends or neighbors were, we weren\u27t allowed to see each other and our walks abruptly ended. Not being able to go on walks and not having access to a gym anymore disrupted the only forms of exercise I had. Therefore, I stopped maintaining my physical wellbeing because I wasn\u27t able to do the things I was used to. I also picked up unhealthier habits as I ate more during the night and baked more during the day. I wish that I would have picked up healthier habits to maintain my physical health and done some exercises at home. This would have enabled me to keep my stress levels down and gave me other ways to keep myself occupied
Life Changes
Get PDFThis story is about my experience navigating the changes during the COVID-19 pandemic
The Role of Student Services in Student Retention: A Case Study of a Ugandan Private University
Get PDFStudent services plays an essential role in higher education not only by reducing student dropout rates, but also by increasing student retention. This study explored the role of student services in promoting student retention which in turn addresses the problem of college student drop out at a private, non-profit Ugandan university. The purpose of the study was to identify the types of student services available at the university and understand how such are utilized to meet student needs and promote student retention. A qualitative case study method was be used to understand the role of student services in student retention from admission through graduation. Data was be collected using semi-structured interviews, documents, and an institutional assessment tool based on Documenting Effective Educational Practices commonly known as (DEEP). Significant findings of the study may be used by student affairs personnel at the University, to implement those programs identified by participants as the most effective in reducing student dropout and increasing retention
Implementing Screening for Depression and Anxiety for Patients With Thyroid Disease
No full textBackground: Thyroid dysfunctions are the most common endocrine-specific disorders found in the clinic setting. Symptoms of hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism overlap with anxiety/depression symptoms. Research shows a relationship between individuals with thyroid disorders and people with anxiety/depression. Mental health disorders are typically managed in the primary care setting. However, screening for depression and anxiety are low in primary care settings and often go unidentified. Purpose: To implement validated, evidence-based depression and anxiety screening tools in a Texas endocrine clinic to improve the management of patients with concomitant thyroid and mental health disorders. Objectives: The project objectives include initiating screening for anxiety/depression and referral to the patient\u27s primary care provider (PCP). Method/Interventions: Project interventions include screening all patients diagnosed with thyroid disorders for anxiety and depression symptoms during their routine endocrinology visits. The screening was initially conducted with the ultra-brief versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) screening tools. If positive, the full forms of each tool were completed and reviewed by the provider. Results: After 13 weeks, 106 patients were screened with the ultra-brief screeners. Of those screened, 12 patients completed the full forms of each tool, of which three patients screened positive and received referrals to follow-up with their provider. Implications: Screening for anxiety/depression with validated tools in an endocrine clinic may increase anxiety/depression disorder recognition, increase referrals to follow-up with a PCP, and improve the management of patients with concomitant endocrine and mental health disorders
Implementing Food Insecurity Screening on a College Campus
Get PDFBackground. Students attending universities have higher rates of food insecurity than U.S. households. Most college campuses do not routinely screen students for food insecurity, which can affect students’ health and school performance. Currently, the university health clinic does not screen students for food insecurity. Purpose. To screen all students who present to the university clinic for food insecurity and evaluate students with food insecurity for malnutrition. Evidence. Foreman et al. (2018) and Abu and Oldewage-Theron (2019) found that food insecurity was present at some of the largest Texas universities at rates higher than the national average. Project Objectives. To screen 80-90% of patients aged 18-25 years who visited the university clinic for food insecurity; to decrease the percentage of patients with very low food security score by 100%; and to decrease the percentage of patients with malnutrition by 100%. Methods. Two validated screening tools were used to screen students between the ages of 18-25 years evaluated at the clinic for food insecurity and malnutrition. Treatment criteria were established for those students identified as being food insecure utilizing established clinical practice guidelines. Results. Results show 97% (n = 116) of 120 patients have been screened, 92.5% (n = 111) have been classified as high food secure, 5% (n = 7) were classified as low food secure, 2% (n = 2) were classified as very low food secure. One patient was identified as being malnourished. Implications. Identifying students with food insecurity, treating malnutrition, and providing food resources can improve overall student health
Implementing Evidence-Based Adult Psychiatric Inpatient Depression Assessment, Treatment, and Post-Hospitalization Referral
Get PDFPurpose: This project was designed to strengthen the quality of depression assessment with evidence-based depression assessment tools in inpatient psychiatric units.
Background: Missed diagnosis and treatment of depressive disorders contribute to the most severe outcome of depression: suicide. A crisis stabilization facility with inpatient psychiatric units had significant opportunities to improve clinical outcomes by screening for depression in adults and to monitor symptoms with evidence-based tools.
Methods: The 12-week quality improvement project included implementation of staff education sessions of evidence-based tools to screen, monitor, interpret scores, and detect risk modifiers. The design and build with Information Technology for Personal Health Questionnaire 2 (PHQ-2) daily scores in the electronic health records, adding admission score of depression assessment tool on nursing handoff reports, improved nurse-provider communication, design of PHQ-2 algorithm, design of flowchart impacting nursing workflow, and revision of the patient goals sheet replacing a numeric scale with the PHQ-2 for depression assessment daily and per shift as needed.
Results: Achieved 100% participation in staff educational sessions, established new standard in nursing with Personal Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) built into shift report sheets, patient completion of daily goals sheets with PHQ-2 increased from 0% to 52.3%, identification of risk factors in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) including 61.5% history of abuse in lifetime and 62.5% history of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Increased provider adherence to evidence-based clinical guidelines in the management and treatment of MDD with 61.7% of patients referred to psychotherapy, 56.8% of patients were prescribed clinical guideline’s 1st line of treatment antidepressants selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and 56.4% of patients were prescribed with augmentation pharmacotherapy second generation antipsychotics. Descriptive statistics resulted in referrals to outpatient psychotherapy in 53.2% of funded patients and 46.8% of unfunded patients.
Conclusions: Expanding knowledge and use of evidence-based depression assessment tools in an inpatient setting assisted with management, treatment, and post-hospitalization referrals. Guiding the project with DNP Essential II: Organizational and Systems Leadership for Quality Improvement and Systems Thinking involved continuous tracking and modifying the project with feedback from different components (e.g., licensed clinical social workers (LCSWs), pharmacists, providers, nursing staff, technicians, administration) using evidence-based clinical guidelines