eplus (Univ. of Salzburg)
Not a member yet
21323 research outputs found
Sort by
Selbststeuerung bei ADHS-Symptomatik: Coaching als Schlüssel? : eine bedürfnisorientierte Interventionsstudie, auf Basis der PSI-Theorie, zur Förderung der Selbststeuerungskompetenzen und Befriedigung der psychologischen Grundbedürfnisse bei Studierenden mit ADHS-Symptomatik
No full textIn der vorliegenden Masterarbeit wird die Wirkung eines bedürfnisorientierten Coaching-Konzeptes, basierend auf der Persönlichkeit-System-Interaktionen-Theorie (PSI-Theorie) (Kuhl, 2001), mit Bewegung und Achtsamkeit auf die Selbststeuerungskompetenzen, Befriedigung der psychologischen Grundbedürfnisse, Zielerreichung und -zufriedenheit untersucht. Insgesamt durchliefen 28 Studierende das Selbstmanagement-Coaching (vier Sitzungen zu je 90 Minuten) und füllten drei Fragebögen (prae0, prae1 und post) aus. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sowohl Personen mit ADHS-Symptomatik als auch ohne ADHS-Symptomatik von dem Selbstmanagement-Coaching profitierten. Personen mit ADHS-Symptomatik zeigten im Vergleich zu Studierende ohne ADHS-Symptomatik geringere Ausgangswerte in den Selbststeuerungskompetenzen und Befriedigung der psychologischen Grundbedürfnisse. Diese Defizite konnten duch das Selbstmanagement-Coaching nicht ausgeglichen werden. Explorative Analysen liefern Hinweise, dass die Selbststeuerungskompetenz Willens- und Handlungsbahnung einen positiven Einfluss auf die wahrgenommen Zielzufriedenheit hat und die ADHS-Sympomtaik möglicherweise einen negativen Einfluss auf die Zielerreichung nimmt. Die vorliegende Masterarbeit liefert somit bestätigende Ergebnisse für die Wirksamkeit von ADHS-Coaching und bietet auch ein fertig ausgearbeitets Coaching-Konzept, welches eine Verknüpfung von ADHS mit der PSI-Theorie möglich macht.Schlüsselwörter: ADHS, Coaching, Selbststeuerungskompetenzen, Bedürfnisseeingereicht von Bianca Gerlach, BA BScEnthält LiteraturangabenMasterarbeit Paris Lodron-Universität Salzburg 2025Abstracts in deutscher und englischer SpracheArbeit nur im CAMPUSNETZWERK der Universität Salzburg abrufba
Allergy / Allergic reactions to horse chestnut seeds are caused by mugwort pollen Art v 1‐sensitization and represent a novel type of defensin‐related allergy syndrome
No full textWest European Politics / A spectre of democracy: are populist citizens less supportive of democracy?
No full textIn academic and public debates, populism has been portrayed both as a threatand a corrective to democracy. In the article, this debate is approached fromthe perspective of citizens’ attitudes and it is asked whether more populist cit-izens are less supportive of democracy. Using data from an original 6-countrypanel, robust evidence is presented that populism is indeed negatively relatedto democratic regime preferences. By disentangling populist attitudes, however,a more nuanced picture is offered and it is highlighted that not all forms andsub-dimensions of populism present a threat to democracy. It is primarilyright-wing populism and the Manichaean outlook on society that are negativelyrelated to diffuse support for democracy in the general public. This underlinesthe need for democratic societies to address the dangers of an exclusionarypopulism and the radical polarisation inherent in a Manichaean worldview
Klimaaktivistinnen Klimaaktivisten
No full textDiese Studie untersuchte den Einfluss der Normativität, also der gesellschaftlichen Akzeptanz von Protestformen von Klimaaktivist:innen, und von Gruppennormen der klimaaktivistischen Gruppe auf das Burnout von Klimaaktivist:innen. Das theoretische Modell basierte u.a. auf dem SIMPEA-Modell und der SDT. Der Einfluss der folgenden Prädiktoren Intensität des Engagements, Normativität der Protestaktion, Soziale Identifikation, Selbstwirksamkeitswahrnehmung und die psychologischen Bedürfnisse wurden bzgl. ihres Einflusses auf die Emotionale Erschöpfung untersucht, was ein zentrales Symptom von Burnout darstellt. Eine Moderationsanalyse untersuchte den Effekt der Gruppennormen auf den Zusammenhang zwischen der Teilnahme an nicht-normativen Protestaktionen und Emotionaler Erschöpfung. 168 Klimaaktivist:innen nahmen über ein 10-minütige Umfrage an der Studie teil. Nur der Prädiktor der Wochenstunden des Engagements wurde im Regressionsmodell signifikant. Die Teilnahme an nicht-normativen Protestaktionen konnte Emotionale Erschöpfung signifikant erklären. Dieser Zusammenhang wurde jedoch nicht durch die Gruppennormen moderiert. Die explorativen Analysen deuteten auf eine Abmilderung negativer Auswirkungen der Teilnahme an nicht-normativen Protestformen durch die Teilnahme an normativen Protestformen hin. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen, dass nicht nur die Quantität, sondern auch die Qualität des Klimaaktivismus für die psychische Gesundheit von Klimaaktivist:innen entscheidend sind.eingereicht von Clara ButzeEnthält Literaturverzeichnis auf Seite 32-37Masterarbeit Universität Salzburg 2025Abstracts in deutscher und englischer Sprach
Theoria / Epistemic versus objectively relevant possibilities
No full textAbstract This paper compares two approaches to the semantics of modal expressions such as ‘might’. Both approaches define the conditions under which sentences of a language (not only modals) are acceptable relative to sets of possible worlds. Both approaches say that the sentence ‘Vivian might be in Vienna’ is acceptable relative to such a set if and only if ‘Vivian is in Vienna’ is true in some world in the set. One of these approaches treats the pertinent sets of worlds as information states of speakers. The other treats these sets as models of the statements that are objectively relevant in a conversation. This paper argues that the second of these approaches can better explain how statements made by means of modal sentences can be informative. It also suggests alterations to some common assumptions about the taxonomy of modals.Austrian Science Fund 10.55776/I621
EU engagement with Islamist parties : from normative principles to transactional bargains
No full textThis thesis asks how the European Union frames and operationalizes its engagement with Islamist parties during episodes of political transition, and under what conditions migration salience reshapes that alignment. Theoretically, it links framing and instrument-choice research by modelling EU external action as an interaction between normative role claims and strategic cost-benefit calculation, which implies an expectation that public discourse aligns with the tools deployed. Methodologically, it applies a structured focused comparison and process tracing across three cases of Tunisia, Egypt, and Turkey, using six-month framing windows and twelve-month instrument windows to capture discursive movement and programming lags, respectively, while coding events in strict chronology to limit reverse causality. The analysis draws on high salience EU statements, partnership documents, budget and programming records, and implementation reporting to map frames (democratic partnership, stability/security, and migration-management) to instruments (budget support and positive conditionality; restrictive measures and no-contact rules; and transactional, migration-linked deals). Two findings emerge. First, frame-tool congruence is strong: democratic-stakeholder language correlates with incentive-based toolkits, whereas securitized framing aligns with restrictive or exclusionary instruments. Second, when migration becomes strategically salient, a transactional repertoire, returns, border assets, operational cooperation, and financial side-payments, can override prior normative claims, even without a shift in rhetoric. The contribution is both conceptual and empirical as it offers a transparent, replicable way to link words to deeds in EU foreign policy; clarifies when and why normative commitments persist or recede; and provides case-anchored evidence that migration salience can alter priorities, informing debates on coherence, accountability, and the limits of the EU’s self-presentation as a normative actor.Noam SorokinLiteraturverzeichnis: Seite 92-97Masterarbeit Paris Lodron University of Salzburg 202
Too hot to handle? : applying the theory of planned behavior to men's thermal contraception intentions
No full textSafe, reversible contraceptives for men remain scarce. Male thermal contraception (MTC) is a non-hormonal option with emerging evidence on efficacy, safety, and acceptability. However, little is known about psychological drivers of uptake. This study tested predictors of young men’s intention to adopt MTC, in an online cross-sectional survey. German-speaking men aged 18-30 who were students or recent graduates (N = 149) completed a questionnaire measuring theory of planned behavior (TPB) constructs—attitude, injunctive norms, perceived behavioral control—, descriptive norms, partner support and dispositional factors (masculinity, ambivalent sexism, desire for control). Hierarchical regressions showed that the TPB model explained 67% of variance in intention, with attitude (β = .46, p < .001) and injunctive norms (β = .29, p < .001) as the strongest predictors; descriptive norms added unique variance (β = .16, p = .016). Perceived behavioral control and partner support did not contribute to the final model. The dispositional model was not significant overall but hostile sexism independently predicted lower intention (β = −.25, p = .025), while a masculine gender self-concept showed a positive trend (β = .20, p = .069). Exploratorily, greater knowledge of MTC and higher femininity scores related to higher intention, whereas greater satisfaction with current contraceptives related to lower intention. Taken together, MTC intention in young, educated men seems to be driven primarily by attitudinal and normative pathways rather than broader dispositions. Communication that targets these pathways may most effectively raise willingness to adopt MTC.Keywords: male thermal contraception; theory of planned behavior, masculinity, sexism, injunctive and descriptive normssubmitted by Selena Seiler BEd BScLiteraturverzeichnis: Seite 35-46Masterarbeit Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg 2025Text englisch, Fragebogen deutsc
Scaling similarity queries to massive datasets
No full textSimilarity queries retrieve records from a data collection based on some notion of similarity and are crucial in applications where exact matches fail, for instance, in recommendation systems, information retrieval, and visual search. To efficiently support similarity queries in database systems, specialized index structures must be developed. To cope with the ever-growing amount of data, such indexes must be distributed to scale to massive datasets. Modern data centers employ a disaggregated memory architecture that physically decouples compute and memory to achieve elastic resource utilization. Compute and memory nodes are connected via a high-performance network that supports remote direct memory access (RDMA) and allows compute nodes to directly access the memory nodes with near-zero compute power. As a result, the compute nodes must perform all the computations, posing unique challenges for indexes in disaggregated memory. This thesis focuses on the design of scalable algorithms and index structures for similarity queries that scale to massive data collections.First, we study the efficiency and robustness of the set similarity join, a physical database operator widely used in applications such as data cleaning and plagiarism detection. A set similarity join identifies all pairs of similar sets from two input collections based on a given distance function and a user-defined threshold parameter. Existing solutions perform well if the input collections show specific data characteristics, otherwise, they are inefficient or suffer from a severely high memory consumption. Our first contribution is an efficient set similarity join algorithm that leverages an inverted list index and metric properties of the distance function, making it robust to various dataset characteristics while keeping the memory usage low.Second, we study the performance and scalability of distributed inverted list indexes in disaggregated memory. The inverted list index is a key enabler for efficient similarity query processing, for example, in information retrieval for search engines. For massive datasets, the index no longer fits into the memory of a single machine. To achieve high scalability with near in-memory performance, we aim for the disaggregated memory architecture. However, conventional distribution schemes fail to scale under memory disaggregation due to access skew, high network latency, and out-of-memory errors. Our second contribution is a distributed inverted list index in disaggregated memory that overcomes these limitations and scales to very large data collections.Third, we evaluate the performance and scalability of Hierarchical Navigable Small Worlds (HNSW) in disaggregated memory, an in-memory graph-based index for vector similarity search. To scale beyond billions of vectors and retain the near in-memory performance, the goal is to distribute and disaggregate the index. Existing distributed solutions physically partition the graph, which results in additional accuracy penalties as important edges between graph components are lost. Our third contribution is the first scalable HNSW index design for disaggregated memory that maintains the original graph structure, and thus retains the accuracy of a single-machine HNSW index.Metricjoin: leveraging metric properties for robust exact set similarity joins Manuel Widmoser, Daniel Kocher, Nikolaus Augsten, and Willi MannScalable distributed inverted list indexes in disaggregated memory Manuel Widmoser, Daniel Kocher, and Nikolaus AugstenSHINE: a scalable HNSW index in disaggregated memory Manuel Widmoser, Daniel Kocher, and Nikolaus AugstenManuel WidmoserKumulative Dissertation aus drei ArtikelnLiteraturverzeichnis: Seite 105-130Dissertation University of Salzburg 202
Papa kann's (auch) - zur elterlichen Sensitivität von Müttern und Vätern im ersten Halbjahr nach der Geburt
No full texteingereicht von: Luisa Kaiser, BScEnthält Literaturverzeichnis auf Seite 36-44Masterarbeit Universität Salzburg 2025Abstracts in deutscher und englischer SpracheArbeit gesperr