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Effect of daily walking program on glucose level among overweight pregnant women
Full text linkBackground: Overweight and obese pregnant women are more than twice at the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus in comparison to nonobese women. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the effect of daily walking program on glucose level among overweight pregnant women. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2019 at Kasr El Aini, Cairo University Maternity Hospitals, at the antenatal outpatient clinic. A purposive sample of 100 primigravida, singleton, overweight, had an uncomplicated pregnancy, at 14 weeks of gestation were recruited in the study. A structured interview scheduled questionnaire, an anthropometric measurement scale, the pregnancy physical activity questionnaire, and a pedometer/step counter were used for data collection. The walking program was an 8-week program with six interviews and emphasized practice walking. The walking program started after the third interview and continued for 8 weeks. All women in the study group were instructed to practice daily walking for 8 weeks. They instructed to walk 30-min (brisk steps) on daily base, started by 15-min and gradually increase the timing of walking up to 30-min for at least 5 days weekly. The hypothesis was tested through students t-test and Chi-square test. Results: The intervention group had lower fasting plasma glucose mg/dl levels with mean of 110.80 ± 5.86 versus 114.80 ± 8.07 in the control group and HbA1c with mean of 6.38 ± 0.62 versus 6.60 ± 0.52 in the control group (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Prediabetic, overweight pregnant women who have completed an average of 6,000 steps walking or more per day early in the second trimester may have lower levels of insulin resistance and lower frequency of exposure to gestational diabetes
The effect of curcumin ointment on the quality of life of older adults with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized placebo clinical trial
Full text linkBackground: Knee osteoarthritis (KO) is one of the most common health problems affecting the quality of life (QOL) in older adults. Objective: Because improving the QOL is one of the important therapeutic goals, this study aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin ointment on the QOL in older adults with KO. Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical trial was performed from February 20, to June 22, 2019, on 72 older adults with KO referring to the office of a physician in Kashan, Iran. The individuals with eligibility criteria were recruited sequentially and were randomly assigned to two groups of 36 to apply either curcumin 5 ointment or Vaseline ointment twice daily for 6 weeks around the knee. The Osteoarthritis Knee and Hip Quality of Life questionnaire was used to measure the patients' QOL at the beginning of the study, and at the end of the 4th and 6th weeks. The Fisher's exact test, independent samples t-test, Friedman test, and repeated-measures analysis were used for data analysis. Results: The mean baseline QOL scores in the intervention and the placebo groups were 55.98 ± 8.12 and 58.75 ± 7.86 (P = 0.160) which then changed to 59.21 ± 7.98 and 60.01 ± 8.23 at the end of the 4th week and to 65.83 ± 8.81 and 60.26 ± 7.25 at the end of the 6th week, respectively. Repeated-measures analysis showed that over time, the use of curcumin ointment could significantly increase the mean QOL score in the intervention group (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Topical administration of 5 curcumin ointment can significantly improve the QOL in older adults with KO. Therefore, this ointment might be considered a complementary therapy to improve the QOL of patients with KO
The effectiveness of solution-oriented couple therapy on marital burnout, marital forgiveness and communication styles of couples affected by extramarital relationships
Full text linkBackground: Extramarital affairs is one of the main reasons for divorce and disintegration of marital life and ultimately reduce the health of society. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of solution-oriented couple therapy on boredom, marital forgiveness and communication styles of couples affected by extramarital relationships. Materials and Methods: The quasi-experimental research design was pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population included all those who referred to the problem of extramarital affairs of the spouse to the counseling centers of Bahar, Bavar and Elixir in Sari. Thirty people were selected by convenience sampling method as a sample and randomly assigned to an experimental group (15 people) and a control group (each containing 15 people). The intervention group underwent 90-minute routine couple therapy in 7 sessions. But no action was taken on the control group. The Pains (1996) Marital Boredom Questionnaire, the Ray et al. (2001) Forgiveness Questionnaire, and the Christensen & Salawai Communication Styles Questionnaire (1984) were administered. Data analysis was performed covariance analysis. Results: The results showed that the effect of solution-based technique training was on forgiveness (F= 55.63, P<0.001) and on marital boredom (F= 0.85, P<0.001). Conclusion: Solution-oriented couple therapy focuses on salient, achievable, tangible, and measurable goals and effective on boredom, marital forgiveness and communication styles of couples affected by extramarital relationships
The correlation between family function and health-promoting lifestyle among female adolescents in Iran
Full text linkBackground: Health-promoting lifestyle (HPL) is a major health concern among adolescents. Family function (FF) has potential effects on adolescents lifestyle and health. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between FF and HPL among female adolescents. Methods: This correlational study was conducted from January to February 2020 on 356 female adolescent students randomly recruited through multistage cluster sampling from four public junior high schools in the south of Tehran, Iran in 2020. Data were collected using a personal characteristics questionnaire, the Adolescent Health Promotion Short Form, and the McMaster Family Assessment Device. Data analysis was performed through Pearson correlation coefficient, the one-way analysis of variance, the independent-samples t test, and the linear regression analysis. Results:The average age of adolescents was 14.16 ± 0.76 years. The total mean scores of participants HPL and FF were 75.36 ± 12.43 (in the possible range of 21-105) and 3.02 ± 0.37 (in the possible range of 1-4), respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between FF and HPL (r = 0.399, P < 0.001). Among demographic characteristics, adequacy of family income, and among dimensions, the problem-solving, behavioral control, roles, and affective involvement dimensions of FF were significant predictors of HPL, explaining 24.5 of its total variance. Conclusion: The mean HPL and FF were greater than the possible median scores. Also, adequacy of family income and FF were significant predictors of HPL among female adolescents. Healthcare authorities and policymakers are recommended to pay greater attention to FF in developing health-promoting programs for adolescents
Iranian Nurses' Experiences of their Roles in Care Provision to the Victims of Child Violence: A Qualitative Study
Full text linkBackground: As the largest group of healthcare providers, nurses have many different responsibilities in care provision to child violence victims (CVVs). Yet, their roles in care provision to these victims are poorly known. Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore nurses' experiences of their roles in care provision to CVVs. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in 2018-2019. Fourteen nurses were purposively recruited from two pediatric specialty hospitals in Tehran and Ardabil, Iran. In-depth semi-structured interviews were held for data collection. Data were analyzed through conventional content analysis. Results: Data analysis revealed that nurses' roles in care provision to CVVs included the four main categories of protective, diagnostic, reporting, and educational roles. Conclusions: Nurses play significant roles in care provision to CVVs through diagnosing violence, reporting it, protecting CVVs, and providing education to CVVs and their families. Nonetheless, they receive limited education, if any, in this area
Excruciating Care: Experiences of Care Transition from Hospital to Home among the Family Caregivers of Patients with Spinal Cord Injury
Full text linkBackground: Transition of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) from hospital to home often involves a shift in caregiving responsibility from health-care providers to family caregivers. Poor care transition may lead to poor care-related outcomes. Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore experiences of care transition from hospital to home among the family caregivers of patients with SCI. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in 2018-2019. Participants were 17 family caregivers of patients with SCI who were purposively recruited from two specialty SCI care centers in Iran. In-depth semi-structured interviews were held for data collection. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: The following four main categories were developed during data analysis: lack of knowledge (with two subcategories), excruciating care (with two subcategories), emotional burden of caregiving (with three subcategories), and need for support (with two subcategories). The nine subcategories of these main categories were lack of medical and care-related information, seeking for information, heavy burden of daily caregiving, need for providing professional care at home, feelings of sadness and sorrow, feeling of insufficiency, restriction of life, limited support by family members and relatives, and limited financial support by the government. Conclusion: Family caregivers of patients with SCI experience many challenges and problems during care transition from hospital to home, which can affect the quality of their care services for their patients. Therefore, they need ongoing support throughout the process of care
Nursing Students' Attitude toward the Importance of Patient Privacy
Full text linkBackground: Observing patient privacy is one of the most important nurses' ethical responsibilities. Objective: This study is aimed to investigate nursing students' attitudes toward the importance of patient privacy in nursing care. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2018 and April 2019 in the School of Nursing and Midwifery of Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. One hundred and fifty nursing students responded to the study questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 142 nursing students with a mean age of 21.91 ± 4.67 years participated in this study. A majority of the students (63.5) were female, 82.2 were single and 31.8 had clinical experience. The mean students' attitudes scores were, respectively, 8.36 ± 1.53, 6.84 ± 2.04, 6.24 ± 2.23, and 11.42 ± 2.17 for the physical, psychological, spatial, and informational dimensions of patient privacy. Conclusion: The mean students' attitude toward patient privacy was at a moderate level. Nurse educators and all the authorities of nursing education should instruct nursing students to pay special attention to the observance of patient privacy
Coronavirus: Nursing students' knowledge and risk perception of clinical practice during the pandemic
Full text linkBackground: The attendance of nursing students in clinical settings is an inherent element of the nursing education, and it is the same even with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Globally, more than 260 nurses have been killed by the COVID-19 disease and the number is still increasing. Objective: The study assessed nursing students' perception of clinical practice amidst coronavirus pandemic in southwest Nigeria. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that utilized a multistage sampling method to select 300 respondents from the selected nursing institution in southwest Nigeria. The questionnaire is made up of three sections namely, sociodemographic variables, knowledge of COVID-19, and students' perception of clinical practice. Data were collected with Google Form and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: The mean age of the respondents was 22.16 ± 3.11 years and the mean year exposed to clinical practice was 2.73 ± 0.91 years. Majority (71) had good knowledge of coronavirus, with mean ± standard deviation (SD) 16.16 ± 1.84, while 57.7 had a positive perception of clinical practice during coronavirus pandemic, with a mean ± SD of 3.62 ± 1.22. There was no significant difference between knowledge and perception of clinical practice post coronavirus pandemic, P = 0.088. There is a significant relationship between nursing students' perception of clinical practice with coronavirus and nursing institution (P = 0.001) and level of study (P = 0.001). Conclusion: The study showed that nursing students were willing to continue with their clinical practice even with coronavirus patients in the wards
Lockdown stress and burnout of public health personnel during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in Southern Thailand
Full text linkBackground: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected people around the world. Therefore, this situation has caused stress and burnout among the people and public health staff in Thailand. Objective: This study aimed to compare the stress and burnout levels among public health personnel during the lockdown and un-lockdown periods of the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand. The secondary objective was to identify the factors associated with stress and burnout. Methods: This research was a cross-sectional survey study with online self-rated questionnaires. The sample size was 158 participants. Using convenience sampling, participants who worked in 12th health region, Southern Thailand took the questionnaire twice. The first time was during May-June 2020, which was the lockdown period from the COVID-19 outbreak in Thailand, and the participants completed the questionnaires again during July-August in the same year, which was the un-lockdown period. The non-parametric sign test, Spearmans correlation, and logistic regression analyses were performed for testing the hypotheses. Results: The average total scores for stress during the lockdown and un-lockdown periods were 4.139 ± 3.534 and 3.398 ± 3.344, respectively. Moreover, the average total scores for burnout during the lockdown and un-lockdown periods were 1.573 ± 0.777 and 1.519 ± 0.702, respectively. The stress scores during the lockdown period were significantly higher than those during the un-lockdown period (sign test, P = 0.02). The stress correlated with the burnout by using Spearmans correlation (P < 0.001). Binary logistic regression showed that the stress score (odds ratio 1.75; 95 confidence interval 1.41-2.91) was a risk factor for burnout. Conclusion: During the outbreak, the stress and burnout were high; the health organizations should have interventions or activities to reduce stress and burnout
Development and psychometric evaluation of the Spiritual Health Questionnaire among Iranian Muslim adults
Full text linkBackground: Spiritual health (SH) has received great attention from nurses and other health-care providers in recent years. The existing instruments for SH measurement measure either some aspects of SH or SH-related concepts, and there is no specific SH measurement instrument, particularly for Muslim adults in Iran. Objective: This study aimed at the development and psychometric evaluation of the Spiritual Health Questionnaire (SHQ). Methods: This exploratory sequential mixed methods study was conducted in a qualitative and a quantitative phase in 2014-2016. In the qualitative phase, a concept analysis was conducted using the hybrid model and its results were used to develop the primary SHQ. In the quantitative phase, the face, content, and construct validity and reliability of SHQ were assessed. Exploratory factor analysis and concurrent validity assessment were performed for construct validity assessment. Test-retest stability and internal consistency were also assessed for reliability assessment. Results: The qualitative phase of the study showed that the concept of SH had six main components. In the quantitative phase, the number of primary SHQ items was reduced from 88 to 59 after face and content validity assessments. In construct validity assessment, 12 more items were excluded and the remaining 47 items were loaded on six factors which explained 45.2 of the total variance. The Cronbachs alpha values of the questionnaire and its six dimensions were 0.778 and 0.752-0.788, respectively. Convergent validity assessment showed that the mean scores of SHQ and the Spiritual Well-Being Index had a significant correlation with each other (r = 0.35; P = 0.032). Conclusion: The 47-item SHQ is a specific instrument for SH assessment with acceptable validity and reliability