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The Effects of Thai Massage on Comfort and Symptoms among Female Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
Full text linkBackground: Chemotherapy is the most common modality for cancer management, but it is associated with many side effects. Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of Thai massage on comfort and symptoms among female cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2017-2018 with a two-group pre-posttest design. Participants were sixty female patients with cancer selected from Bu-Ali Hospital in Tehran, Iran, and randomly allocated to a control and an intervention group. Participants in the control group received routine care, while their counterparts in the intervention group received both routine care and ten-session massage therapy. A demographic questionnaire, the Kolcaba's General Comfort Questionnaire, and the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square, Fisher's exact, independent-samples t, and paired-samples t-tests. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups respecting the pretest mean scores of comfort and symptoms (P > 0.05). After the intervention, the mean score of comfort in the control group was statistically significantly greater than the intervention group (137.4 ± 6.8 vs. 131.53 ± 9.61; P = 0.008). Moreover, the posttest mean scores of pain, fatigue, nausea, depression, anxiety, and drowsiness in the intervention group were significantly less than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Massage therapy is effective in significantly reducing symptoms among female cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
Clinical Belongingness and its Relationship with Clinical Self-Efficacy among Nursing Students: A Descriptive Correlational Study
Full text linkBackground: Clinical self-efficacy (CSE) plays a pivotal role in safe and quality nursing care delivery. Clinical Belongingness (CB) is a major factor in the clinical practice of nursing students. Objective: This study aimed to assess CSE and CB and their relationship among nursing students. Methods: This descriptive, correlational study was conducted in 2019 in the Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. Participants were 216 eligible 3rd and 4th-year nursing students. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Belongingness Scale-Clinical Placement Experience, and the Self-Efficacy in Clinical Performance Questionnaire. The Pearson correlation analysis, the independent-sample t-test, the one-way analysis of variance, and the linear regression analysis were performed for the data analysis. Results: The total mean scores of CSE and CB were, respectively, 134.02 ± 20.62 and 121 ± 16.79, indicating moderate CSE and high CB. CB had significant positive correlation with CSE and was a significant predictor of it (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Nursing students have high CB and moderate CSE, and their CB is a significant positive predictor of their CSE. University authorities are recommended to develop clear strategies to improve nursing students' CSE through improving their CB
The Effects of Role Play Simulation and Demonstration on Pediatric Peripheral Venous Catheter Insertion Skill among Nursing Students: A Three Group Experimental Study
Full text linkBackground: The short course of baccalaureate nursing program and overcrowding of clinical settings restrict the development of pediatric peripheral venous catheter (PVC) insertion skill among nursing students. Therefore, better teaching strategies are needed. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of role play simulation and demonstration on pediatric PVC insertion skill among nursing students. Methods: In this three-group experimental study, 46 nursing students were selected from Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, randomly allocated to a control, a role play simulation, or a demonstration group. Initially, all students received information about pediatric PVC insertion through lecture. Then, their skill was assessed using a child mannequin in a skill lab by a thirty-item rating scale. Then, participants in the simulation and the demonstration groups received training about this skill through simulation or demonstration teaching methods. After 3 weeks, their skill was reassessed. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: The baseline total scores of PVC insertion skill were 17.66 ± 7.46, 14.93 ± 6.64, and 16.92 ± 10.38 and after intervention changed to 20.66 ± 5.65, 33.81 ± 6.86, and 41.14 ± 7.67 in the control, role play simulation, and demonstration groups, respectively. There was a statistically significant increase of skill in simulation and demonstration groups (P 0.05). Conclusion: Both role play simulation and demonstration significantly improve pediatric PVC insertion skill among nursing students. These teaching methods are recommended for developing nursing skills
Comparing the effects of education through compact disk and social media on knowledge and practice regarding the assessment of preterm infant behavior among nurses in neonatal intensive care units
Full text linkBackground: Nurses in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) need adequate professional knowledge and skills for providing quality developmental care to premature newborns. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effects of education through compact disk (CD) and social media (SM) on knowledge and practice regarding the assessment of preterm infant behavior (APIB) among nurses in NICUs. Methods:This quasi-experimental study was conducted on fifty NICU nurses. They were randomly allocated to a CD and a SM group. The intervention for both the groups was the same and consisted of education about APIB. Participants' APIB-related knowledge and practice were assessed before and after the intervention using a researcher-made knowledge questionnaire and the APIB checklist, respectively. Data were analyzed through the Chi-square, the independent-samples t, and the paired-samples t-tests as well as the analysis of covariance. Results: The pretest mean scores of knowledge and practice were, respectively, 9.72 ± 4.95 and 207.64 ± 109.49 in the SM group and 9.16 ± 5.94 and 209.88 ± 110.46 in the CD group. After the study intervention, these values significantly increased to 14.80 ± 1.80 and 361.96 ± 38.24 in the SM group (P 0.05), the posttest mean scores of knowledge and practice in the SM group were significantly greater than the CD group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: SM-based education is more effective than CD-based education in improving APIB-related knowledge and practice among NICU nurses
Assessment of the comfort level of patients, companions in intensive care units and related factors
Full text linkBackground: Patients, companions have a great role in intensive care units (ICUs). They act as patients, voice since a majority of patients are unable to communicate or make decisions. Objective: This study aims to investigate the comfort of patients companions in ICUs and its related factors in a selected hospital in Kashan, Iran in 2019. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample of 375 family members of patients recruited from the ICUs. Data collection instruments were a demographic questionnaire and companions comfort scale (ECONF). Data were analyzed with independent-samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson,s correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The mean score of companions comfort was 179.02 ± 37. The multiple regression analysis indicated that foot or low back pain, Iranian nationality, being a first-degree relative, present more than once per day as the patient,s companion, coma status of patients, and duration of hospitalization more than 1 week (P < 0.05) were associated with companions comfort. Companions gender, age, patient care alone, education level, income, history of an underlying disease, and connection to a ventilator were not related to the companions comfort. Conclusion: The comfort score of patients companions was above the moderate level. Some sociodemographic characteristics of the companions and clinical status of patients were related to comfort score. Further studies are necessary to assess cultural, demographic, and contextual aspects related to the comfort of patients, companions in the ICUs
The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among nurses during the coronavirus disease 2019: A comparison between nurses in the frontline and the second line of care delivery
Full text linkBackground: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can significantly affect mental health among healthcare providers, particularly nurses in the frontline (FL) and the second line (SL) of care delivery to afflicted patients. Objective: This study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among FL and SL nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted in June-September 2020. Participants were 146 FL nurses and 206 SL nurses who were in direct contact with COVID-19 patients in two hospitals in Sirjan, Iran. They were recruited to the study through a census. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. Data analysis was done through the Shapiro-Wilk, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and independent-sample t-tests. Results: The mean scores of depression, anxiety, and stress were, respectively, 15.87 ± 4.32, 8.35 ± 4.74, and 13.4 ± 4.39 among FL nurses and 9.91 ± 5.96, 6.91 ± 5.48, and 7.38 ± 3.95 among SL nurses. The between-group differences regarding these mean scores were statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Depression, anxiety, and stress are highly prevalent among both FL and SL nurses who provide care to patients with COVID-19. Psychological support and education about stress management strategies for nurses can help them manage their depression, anxiety, and stress
Job Stress among Iranian Nurses: A Meta-Analysis
Full text linkBackground: Job stress is one of the most important factors in reducing the organizational productivity. Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of job stress among nurses in Iran. Methods: All articles published on the prevalence of job stress among Iranian nurses from January 1, 2004, to April 31, 2020, were searched in six databases. The reference lists of the articles were also checked for additional relevant studies. Finally, 25 articles were analyzed through Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Heterogeneity of studies was checked using the I2 index, Q-test and the possibility of publication bias by the Egger test. Metaregression was performed to assess the variables suspected to affect the heterogeneity at a significance level of 0.05. The outcomes of the study were combined using the random-effects model. Results: The overall prevalence of job stress in Iranian nurses was 37.5 (95 confidence interval CI: 28.5, 47.4). The highest prevalence was 96.4% in Tehran city in 2016 (95% CI: 90.3, 98.7), and the lowest prevalence was 2% in Kashan city in 2011 (95% CI: 0.7, 5.3). A significant correlation was observed between the prevalence of job stress and year (P = 0.0001), mean age (P = 0.002), and sample size (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Job stress affects over a third of Iranian nurses. Health-care policy-makers and managers should decrease this stress by adopting appropriate strategies such as increasing welfare facilities, reconsidering job descriptions for different levels of nursing, providing support, increasing nurses' involvement in the decision-making process, improving communication between managers and nurses, and teaching problem-solving skills to them
Comparing the effects of face-to-face and video-based educations on hand hygiene knowledge and performance among mothers in neonatal intensive care unit: A randomized controlled trial
Full text linkBackground: Hand hygiene is the first step in nosocomial infection control. However, most people have limited knowledge about proper hand hygiene. Objectives: This study aimed at comparing the effects of face-to-face education (FTFE) and video-based education (VBE) on hand hygiene knowledge and performance among mothers in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: Using a three-group design, this randomized controlled trial was conducted in March-December 2019 in Al-Zahra University Hospital, Tabriz, Iran. In total, 132 mothers of neonates in NICU were recruited to the study through convenient sampling and were randomly allocated to either an FTFE group, a VBE group, or a control group. Data were collected before and 3 days after the intervention using a Maternal Hand Hygiene Knowledge Questionnaire and a Maternal Hand Hygiene Performance checklist. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test, paired-samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and analysis of covariance. Results: The mean scores of hand hygiene knowledge and performance significantly increased in both the intervention groups (P 0.05). There were no significant differences among the groups regarding the pretest mean scores of hand hygiene knowledge (P = 0.24) and performance (<P = 0.26), while the posttest mean scores of hand hygiene knowledge and performance in both the intervention groups were significantly greater than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Both FTFE and VBE are effective in significantly improving hand hygiene knowledge and performance among the mothers of neonates in NICU
Application of Neuman,s Systems Model on Anxiety of Older Adults Waiting for Colonoscopy
Full text linkBackground: Older adults waiting for colonoscopy are anxious due to the lack of knowledge about the procedure, its preparations, and aftercare. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Neuman systems model (NSM) on anxiety of older adults waiting for colonoscopy. Methods: A pre- and postintervention study was conducted on 72 older adults who were waiting for colonoscopy. The participants were randomly allocated to either a control (n = 36) or an intervention group (n = 36). The intervention was performed in four steps, namely determining the potential and actual stressors, setting the goals, nursing interventions, and evaluation, according to the four-step nursing process in the NSM. A need assessment checklist based on the NSM and the Geriatric Anxiety Scale was completed before and after the intervention. Data analysis was performed using Fishers exact, independent, and paired t-tests. Results: At baseline, the mean score of total anxiety was 35.66 ± 7.58 in the intervention group and 35.29 ± 6.52 in the control group. After the intervention, these values changed to 26.71 ± 7.48 and 34.06 ± 7.23. Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference between the anxiety scores of the two groups in cognitive, affective, and somatic dimensions and total anxiety scores (P > 0.05). However, after the intervention, statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in the mean scores of the aforementioned components (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Implementing an educational program based on NSM reduced anxiety in older adults waiting for colonoscopy. Nurses should be trained about the NSM to be able to use similar programs in reducing the anxiety of patients waiting for colonoscopy
The effects of the 1-min preceptor and problem-based clinical educations on nursing students critical thinking
Full text linkBackground:There are inconsistencies about the best clinical teaching method for strengthening nursing students critical thinking (CT). Objective:This study is aimed to compare the effects of the one-min preceptor (OMP) and problem-based learning (PBL) clinical education on nursing students CT. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial. All forty 3rd-year nursing students who had taken the Medical-Surgical Nursing III clinical course were recruited to the study through the census method in 2016 in Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. The students were randomly allocated into three groups of 13 to pass their clinical course via the OMP, the PBL, or the conventional clinical education methods, respectively. In the first session and at the end of the last session, the students completed the California CT Skills Test Form B. The one-way analysis of variance and the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze the data. Results: Students mean age was 21.77 ± 1.32 years. There were no significant differences in baseline CT score among the conventional (11.17 ± 1.64), OMP (10.58 ± 1.34), and PBL (10.79 ± 1.18) groups (P = 0.894). However, at the end of the study, the difference among the groups regarding CT score was significant (12.17 ± 1.89, 13.69 ± 1.10, and 13.64 ± 1.44; P = 0.049). Conclusion: OMP and PBL can be potentially effective in improving students CT ability. Therefore, these methods can be used in clinical nursing education to improve students CT ability