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PM10 and PM2.5 emission and analysis from residential complex construction site in Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
Get PDFConstruction sites are recognized as significant non-industrial sources of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), contributing to the degradation of urban air quality and posing health risks for workers and nearby residents. The research quantified emissions from a residential complex construction site in Sremska Kamenica, Serbia, by applying the EMEP/EEA Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Guidebook (Tier 1 methodology). The active construction area was defined as 3,500 m², operating under a continuous 365-day work schedule. Annual emissions were estimated at 207 kg for PM10 and 59.5 kg for PM2.5, corresponding to daily emissions of 568 g and 163 g, respectively. Dispersion modeling using a box approach yielded hourly average concentrations of 112 µg/m³ for PM10 and 11.2 µg/m³ for PM2.5. Risk assessment, based on a 10-hour work shift and an inhalation rate of 1.25 m³/h, indicated daily doses of 1,400 µg of PM10 and 140 µg of PM2.5 per worker. When compared with WHO Air Quality Guidelines, PM2.5 remained within acceptable levels, while PM10 concentrations exceeded recommended thresholds by more than 2.5 times, yielding a Hazard Quotient of 2.49. These findings identify PM10 as the dominant polluting substance of concern, highlighting the necessity of implementing dust suppression measures such as watering, soil stabilization, vehicle speed control, and protective equipment
Evaluation of energy efficiency measures in public institutions
Get PDFThis paper presents an empirical study on the energy efficiency of kindergartens in the city of Zrenjanin, Republic of Serbia, conducted in 2023. The research evaluated the implementation of basic energy efficiency measures across all 19 kindergartens, focusing on the differences between new and old buildings. A structured questionnaire was sent directly to the official email addresses of each kindergarten, and responses were linked to specific institutions. A survey was carried out covering key aspects such as wall and attic thermal insulation, type of windows and doors, lighting systems, heating and domestic hot water supply, as well as the quality of window and door sealing. Results revealed that energy efficiency is generally poor: only two kindergartens, Alisa u zemlji čuda and Bubamara, both constructed after 2010, met most criteria. Notably, 17 out of 19 kindergartens still use incandescent bulbs, and all rely on electric boilers for water heating, the least efficient option. External wall insulation exists in only five facilities, and roof insulation is present in just one
Investigation of polymer spectra with nano- and femtosecond laser induced breakdown spectroscopy : [abstract]
Get PDFInvestigation of some physical and physicochemical characteristics of Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) genotypes
Get PDFDue to the increasingly extreme climatic conditions in Hungary, the significance of wildgrowing fruit species is rising year by year, particularly those that meet both the qualitative and quantitative demands of the processing industry and consumer markets. Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) is gaining prominence owing to its resilience against harsh environmental factors, its suitability for organic cultivation due to the absence of major pests and pathogens, its outstanding nutritional composition, and, notably, its inclusion as a subsidized fruit crop in Hungary’s agricultural support system from 2024 onward. The aim of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the fruit quality characteristics of three cultivated Cornelian cherry varieties (‘Lutea’, ‘Kazanlak’ and ‘Jolico’) and nine wildgrowing genotypes from different growing sites, with particular emphasis on physical (size parameters, weight, stone-to-flesh ratio) and physicochemical (°Brix, titratable acidity) properties. The fruit weight of wild genotypes ranged from 1.11 g to 2.05 g; stone weight from 0.17 g to 0.55 g; and flesh-to-stone ratio from 50.8% to 86.1%. In contrast, the cultivated varieties exhibited fruit weights between 2.12 g and 6.00 g; stone weights between 0.42 g and 0.92 g; and flesh-to-stone ratios ranging from 80.2% to 87.7%. The soluble solids content of the cultivated varieties ranged from 15.5% to 22.8%, while titratable acidity varied between 0.89% and 2.55%. Significant differences were observed among the cultivated varieties depending on the growing region and cultivation technology. For the successful domestic cultivation of Cornelian cherry, further variety evaluation studies and breeding - selection - research tailored to changing climatic conditions are essential. The fruit of Cornelian cherry is not only a unique raw material that enriches the product assortment, but also offers a competitive alternative for the food industry and holds considerable potential for food innovation
In silico evaluation of the ecotoxicological potential against Daphnia magna of succinimide derivatives from four homologous series
Get PDFEcological monitoring analysis confirm that organisms in the environment are chronically exposed to complex multi-component pharmaceutical mixtures. Thus, the ecotoxicological evaluation of new pharmaceuticals and their negatively impact on ecosystems and aquatic life become integral step in the process of drug design and development. One of the most common model organisms for evaluation of freshwater toxicity of chemicals is Daphnia magna. Both experimental and computational methods are being developed for prediction of the ecotoxicological potential of new structures. In this paper ADMETlab 3.0 online program was employed for evaluating the concentration that kills 50% of Daphnia magna after 48h (LC50DM) for 45 succinimide derivatives. The obtained results indicated that the observed compounds have less toxic effect in comparison to registered ethosuximide and similar toxic effect as phensuximide. The highest LC50DM or the least toxic effect was recorded for most lipophilic compounds of the series F with statistically significant higher LC50DM in comparison to series C, D and E respectively. In addition their toxic effect was positively associated with their polarity (TPSA, p=0.001), aquatic solubility (logS, p<0.001) and flexibility (Fsp3, p<0.001), respectively and negative associated with the Van der Waals volume (V, p<0.001) and lipophilicity (both logP and logD, p<0.001 for both), respectively
Ecotoxicity of dihydropyridines, calcium channels blockers: in silico survey
Get PDFThere is growing evidence that the presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment results in exposure of biota, posing a potential threat to ecosystem health. Assessing the bioaccumulation of active pharmaceutical ingredients is critical, as it provides insight into the extent to which emerging contaminants may persist and concentrate within organisms. In this study, the ecotoxicological endpoints of selected twenty dihydropyridines were determined using the online ADMETlab 3.0 online programme. In addition, their polarity, solubility, and lipophilicity were determined based on their structure, followed by examination of the possible association of their physico-chemical properties and ecotoxicological endpoints. The obtained results suggested that their bioaccumulation factor is strongly positively associated with the lipophilicity of the observed dihydropyridines and negatively with their solubility and polarity, respectively. Moreover, the 48h 50% inhibition growth concentration of Tetrahymena pyriformis, the 48h-LC50 of Daphnia magna and 96h-LC50 of Fathead minnow for the analysed compounds were governed positively by the lipophilicity and negatively by their aquatic solubility, respectively, whilst the influence of the polarity of the molecules was not statistically significant. Further studies require experimental confirmation of the ecotoxicological potential of dihydropyridines as one of the most prescribed pharmaceuticals in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases
Second-life assessment of automotive batteries at the University of Szeged
Get PDFThe growing number of electric vehicles has led to an increasing amount of end-of-life batteries that no longer satisfy user requirements, while efficient recycling practices are still in their early development stages. At the University of Szeged, we established a standardized analytical protocol based on the UL 1974 framework, enabling objective evaluation of various large-capacity battery types. In addition, we built the necessary laboratory infrastructure to safely disassemble cells and conduct post-mortem analyses. To date, more than ten batteries have been systematically tested using the developed methodology, and several dozen cells have been dismantled and examined in detail. This approach not only provides a reliable pathway for assessing second-life potential but also lays the foundation for future recycling strategies
Value-added utilization of oat processing residues via Rhizomucor miehei-based enzymatic treatment : [abstract]
Get PDFKözépkori nyelvek feldolgozása ingyenes és kereskedelmi generatív nyelvmodellekkel
Get PDFA középkori szövegek számítógépes feldolgozása hagyományosan számos nehézségbe ütközik, amelyek főleg két okra vezethetők vissza. Az egyik a szükséges erőforrások hiánya akár szoftvertermékek (morfológiai és szintaktikai elemzők), akár adatok (elektronikus szótárak, kézzel annotált tanítóadatok) tekintetében. A másik a nyelvi sztenderd hiánya, ami kiterjed mind a szabályozott és következetes helyesírás hiányára, mind pedig „egy” adott nyelv számottevő szinkrón és diakrón változatosságára. Kutatásunkban azt vizsgáltuk, hogy a napjainkban divatos „kis” és „közepes” méretű ingyenes, saját hardveren futtatható generatív nyelvmodellek, amelyeket többnyelvű modern nyelvi adatokon tanítottak elő, mennyire alkalmasak történelmi nyelvek feldolgozására a nagy kereskedelmi modellekkel összevetve. Ehhez Albucasis sebészetről szóló tankönyvének arab eredetije, valamint annak latin, ófrancia és óokcitán nyelvű középkori változatai alapján e modellekkel készített gépi fordításokat értékeltünk ki a mű filológiai igényű angol fordítását referenciaként használva. Az eredmények segítenek annak megítélésében, hogy középkori nyelvek feldolgozásakor milyen generatív nyelvmodellek használatával érdemes próbálkozni a számítási erőforrásokat és a költségeket is figyelembe véve