Harding School of Theology

Harding College 50th anniversary commemorative medallion (1924-1974).https://scholarworks.harding.edu/timecapsule1979images/1045/thumbnail.jp

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Tenor of Our Times 
Volume 13 Article 2 
2024 
Front Matter 
Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.harding.edu/tenor 
 Part of the History Commons 
Recommended Citation 
( 2024) "Front Matter," Tenor of Our Times: Vol. 13, Article 2. 
Available at: https://scholarworks.harding.edu/tenor/vol13/iss1/2 
This Front Matter is brought to you for free and open 
access by the History and Political Science at Scholar 
Works at Harding. It has been accepted for inclusion 
in Tenor of Our Times by an authorized editor of 
Scholar Works at Harding. For more information, 
please contact scholarworks@harding.edu. 
TENOR OF OUR TIMES 
 
Volume XIII, Spring 2024  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COVER 
Virgil Bentley, Doris Cluck, Mary E. Arnold, Betty Bergner McInteer, Louis 
Green, Jim Bill McInteer, Cliff Ganus, Jr. 
Photo courtesy of Harding University  
 2 
TENOR OF OUR TIMES 
 
Volume XIII, Spring 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Isaac Copeland, Luke Ziegler, Zoie Dean,  
Max DeLoach, Meghan McElroy 
Editorial Board 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Julie E. Harris, Ph.D. 
Faculty Advisor 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Harding University 
Searcy, Arkansas 
  
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tenor of Our Times is published annually in the spring by the  
Department of History and Political Science at Harding University,  
Searcy, Arkansas, in conjunction with the Eta Phi chapter of Phi 
Alpha Theta. We are grateful to the contributors, editors, readers, 
and friends who made this publication possible. 
  
 4 
Table of Contents 
FACULTY REVIEW BOARD ......................................................................... 6 
STUDENT REVIEW BOARD .......................................................................... 9 
EDITOR’S NOTE ............................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
CENTENNIAL CELEBRATIONS: A STUDENT VIEW ................. ERROR! 
BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
100 YEARS OF THE HARDING STUDENT PERSPECTIVE ..... ERROR! BOOKMARK 
NOT DEFINED. 
1924 EXPERIENCE .................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
NEW BUILDING, OLD FRIENDS . ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
ALUMNI SPOTLIGHT ................................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
FACULTY SPOTLIGHT ............................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
HOLLAND-WALLER BUILDING ................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
HISTORY DAY .......................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
POLICIES OF WAR AND PEACE ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
LEX INNOCENTIUM: PROTECTIONS FOR THEIR DAY AND A LEGACY FOR 
TOMORROW ............................................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
COASTAL CONFLICT: HOW INTERNATIONAL LAW ADDRESSES CHINA'S 
CLAIMS IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA .......... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
THE GREAT FATHER OF WASHINGTON: GRANT’S INDIAN POLICY AND THE 
ACQUISITION OF THE BLACK HILLS ......... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
KINGS, COURTS, AND CRIME .... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
THE KING AND HIS FAVORITES: A HISTORIOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF 
EDWARD II ............................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE AMERICAN JUDICIAL SYSTEM THROUGH 
MARBURY VS. MADISON .......................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
BEHIND BARS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE INCARCERATION OF BLACK AMERICANS
 ................................................................ ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
FROM STREETS TO STATS: A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE QUANTITY OF 
ILLEGAL NARCOTICS SEIZED IN THE UNITED STATES ...... ERROR! BOOKMARK 
NOT DEFINED. 
DIFFERENT LENSES ON THE WORLD WARS ....ERROR! BOOKMARK 
NOT DEFINED. 
 5 
“BLACKJACK” PERSHING’S PUNITIVE EXPEDITION .. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT 
DEFINED. 
FIGHTING FRANCE: THE UNSUNG HEROES AND FORGOTTEN VICTIMS OF FREE 
FRENCH AFRICA IN WWII ....................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
FRESCOS, FIREWORKS, AND FAITH .......... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT 
DEFINED. 
FRA ANGELICO IN SAN MARCO: A COMPARISON OF FRA ANGELICO’ 
FRESCOES AND ALTARPIECES DURING HIS TIME IN SAN MARCO ......... ERROR! 
BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
GOD, MAN, AND THIRTY-SIX BARRELS OF GUNPOWDER: A 
HISTORIOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF THE GUNPOWDER PLOT ................ ERROR! 
BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
EDITORIAL BOARD ...................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
FACULTY ADVISOR ...................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................ ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 
 
  
 6 
FACULTY REVIEW BOARD 
 
 
  
 
     
 
 
      
Angela Gibbs 
Curator at Jacksonport State 
Park in Newport, Arkansas 
Jason Jewell 
Ph.D. in humanities from Florida State 
University, an M.A. in history from 
Pepperdine University, and a B.A. in 
history and music from Harding 
University. He currently chairs the 
Department of Humanities at Faulkner 
University 
Kevin Burr 
Kevin Burr (PhD) is the Discipleship 
Minister at Kings Crossing Church of 
Christ (Corpus Christi, TX), and Adjunct 
Professor of New Testament and Greek 
for Harding School of Theology 
(Memphis, TN). Kevin is an alumnus of 
Harding University’s History and 
Political Science Department, and he and 
his wife enjoy hiking, camping, reading, 
and watching their boys play baseball. 
 7 
 
 
 
 
 
Tessa Davidson 
Assistant Professor of Art 
Harding University 
Matt McCook 
Professor at Oklahoma 
Christian University 
since 2002 
Laura Smith 
Ph.D. with a focus in medicine and 
cultural history in the Gilded Age and 
Progressive Era. She has recently 
accepted a position as Assistant 
Professor in Cultural History at 
Tennessee Technological University. 
 
 8 
 
     
Ashley Shelton 
Ashley Shelton, an Arkansas 
native, graduated from Harding 
with a B.S. in Public 
Administration. She is currently 
the Senior Director for 
Government and Public Affairs at 
the Railway Supply Institute and 
resides in the Washington, D.C. 
area. 
 9 
Student Review Board 
 
 
              
                  Jacob Anderson                Madeline Broshears 
             Political Science Major        Bible and Ministry Major 
 
      
         Mathias Thompson                          Rachel Hall 
            History Major                          Political Science Major 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
Elijah Huff 
Public Administration Major 
 
     
            Lindsay Walton                               Tommy Valente 
        Political Science Major                    Political Science Major 
 


English

Front Matter

Join us as we journey through a hundred years of Harding University, from the student perspective. Social clubs, snowball fights, and lots of swings, experience through Harding\u27s rich history what makes this place so special to so many students from all around the world

Dean, Zoie

Tenor of Our Times 
Volume 13 Article 5 
2024 
100 Years of the Harding Student Perspective: Photo Essay 
(1924-2024) 
Zoie Dean 
Harding University, zdean@harding.edu 
Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.harding.edu/tenor 
 Part of the History Commons 
Recommended Citation 
Dean, Zoie ( 2024) "100 Years of the Harding Student Perspective: Photo Essay (1924-2024)," Tenor of Our 
Times: Vol. 13, Article 5. 
Available at: https://scholarworks.harding.edu/tenor/vol13/iss1/5 
This Special Report is brought to you for free and open 
access by the History and Political Science at Scholar 
Works at Harding. It has been accepted for inclusion in 
Tenor of Our Times by an authorized editor of Scholar 
Works at Harding. For more information, please contact 
scholarworks@harding.edu. 
 1 
100 Years of the Harding Student Perspective 
 
 
By Zoie Dean 
 
1920s 
 
Figure 1: Harding College in Morrilton, September 1928. 
Morrilton was the home of Harding until it moved to Searcy in 
1934, henceforth known as Harding University.  
 
Figure 2: George S. Benson, Harding’s second president and first 
lady Sally Hockaday Benson, 1925 
 2 
 
Figure 3: Harding College Football 
Player in the 1920’s 
       
Figure 4: Harding College graduation in Morrilton 
 
 
 
Figure 5: J.N. Armstrong, 
Harding’s first president  
 3 
1930s 
 
Figure 6: Godden Hall Library  
 Figure 7: Ileta Buchanan 
and Gertrude Dykes in Godden Hall Library  
 4 
  
 
Figure 9: Badminton outside of Pattie 
Cobb 
Figure 8: A 
dinner in the 
Pattie Cobb 
dining hall 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Figure 10: George S. Benson and John N. 
Armstrong, Burning of the Mortgage, 
Thanksgiving Day (Nov. 23) 1939 
 6 
1940s 
 
 
 
Figure 11: Louise Ganus and Francis 
Williamson in Pattie Cobb Hall, 1941 
Figure 12: Young male 
students gathered at 
Armstrong Hall 
 7 
  
Figure 13: Celebration following the Bison Newspaper 
winning the General Excellence award in the state of 
Arkansas. Cliff Ganus and Louise Nicholas, sports editor 
and writer for the Bison Newspaper respectively, are seen 
walking in front of the booth. 
 8 
 
 
 
Figure 14: Jim Bill McInteer, Hollie Gann, and John Sands in 
their senior year, 1942 
Figure 15: Marian 
Myer and Keith Swim 
sitting on a Harding 
swing (from 1942 Petit 
Jean yearbook) 
 
 9 
1950s 
 
 
Figure 16: A game of baseball in front of the Rhodes Memorial 
Field House 
 
 10 
 
 
Figure 17: Evan Ulrey and Bob Street squatting with Leske and 
Annle, Harding’s very own dairy cows, who were used in an 
effort to make Harding self-sustaining 
 
 11 
  
 
Figure 18: Three 
friends hanging out in 
Cathcart dorm  
Figure 19: Students at 
the mailboxes in the 
Ganus Student Center 
 12 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Figure 20: Lewis Yingling, Dot Yingling, Lauren 
Lawyer, and Virgil Lawyer in front of the American 
Studies Building 
 13 
1960s 
 
Figure 21: George Benson speaking at a National Education 
Program forum in the Administration Auditorium 
 14 
 
Figure 22: Harding’s 1968 Choir at a concert 
 
 
Figure 23: A 
family 
moving into 
Cathcart Hall 
 15 
 
 
 
Figure 24: A couple sitting on a Harding swing by the 
Bell Tower. Taken on October 30, 1962 
Figure 25: Clifton 
Ganus Jr. speaking 
with a group of 
students 
 16 
1970s 
 
Figure 26: Makeup application for the 
Homecoming Musical of 1976 
 17 
 
 
 
Figure 28: 
Students and 
Faculty 
gathering in 
front of the 
Mabee 
American 
Heritage Center 
Figure 27: The Bison 
Harding football team, 
readying for a play 
 18 
 
 
Figure 30: Ko Jo Kai 
talking to potential 
club members  
Figure 29: Frisbee on 
the front lawn 
 19 
1980s 
 
 
Figure 31: Students 
sitting near the Olen-
Hendrix Building 
Figure 32: Studying on Pattie Cobb balcony 
 20 
Figure 34: 
Students 
studying on the 
front lawn 
 
 
Figure 33: Students pledging Shantih during 
Pledge Week 
 21 
 
 
Figure 35: Snowball fight in front of the Administration Building 
and the Ganus Building 
 
 
 
 
 22 
1990s 
Figure 36: Class being held outside 
 
 
Figure 37: 
Student 
studying on 
the steps of the 
Mildred Taylor 
Stevens Art 
Center 
 23 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Figure 38: 
Homecoming football 
game, October 23, 
1999 
Figure 39: After 
chapel crowd 
 24 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Figure 40: Female 
students consulting a 
student worker 
 25 
     2000s
 
 
 
Figure 41: Apple 
Computer Labs 
Figure 42: Two 
students share a 
meal at the 
Harding 
University 
welcome sign 
 26 
 
 
Figure 44: Candlelight devotional 
Figure 43: Midnight 
Madness advertising 
sign on the Rhodes 
Field House 
 27 
 
Figure 45: Students sitting in the McInteer Rotunda 
 
 
 
 
 
 28 
2010-2024 
 
 
Figure 46: Botham 
Jean leading singing in 
chapel 
Figure 47: Snow 
fight on the front 
lawn, February 
2021 
 29 
 
 
Figure 48: Spring of 2022, Phi Alpha Theta 
induction in the Ganus Building  
Figure 49: Gannon Foxx, Eve Haslam, and Emma Hatfield 
meeting with President Mike Williams after chapel 
 30 
 
 
Figure 50: Students on Harding University’s 
study abroad program in Latin America 
enjoying the Paracas Sand Dunes 
Figure 51: Harding Bisons celebrating their winning of the NCAA 
Division II National Championship 


100 Years of the Harding Student Perspective: Photo Essay (1924-2024)

Ziegler, Luke

Tenor of Our Times 
Volume 13 Article 6 
2024 
1924 Experience 
Luke Ziegler 
Harding University, lziegler@harding.edu 
Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.harding.edu/tenor 
 Part of the History Commons 
Recommended Citation 
Ziegler, Luke ( 2024) "1924 Experience," Tenor of Our Times: Vol. 13, Article 6. 
Available at: https://scholarworks.harding.edu/tenor/vol13/iss1/6 
This Special Report is brought to you for free and 
open access by the History and Political Science at 
Scholar Works at Harding. It has been accepted for 
inclusion in Tenor of Our Times by an authorized 
editor of Scholar Works at Harding. For more 
information, please contact 
scholarworks@harding.edu. 
 1 
1924 Experience 
 
 
By Luke Ziegler 
 
As Harding completes its 100th year, the world has changed 
significantly since 1924. To illustrate the greater historical context of 
Harding College’s founding, the Clifton L. Ganus Department of History 
and Political Science presented the 1924 Experience. The program 
showcased events, speakers, and exhibits that highlight what was going 
on in 1924. Events like an exhibit of Miguel Covarrubias’ art, a Robert 
Frost poetry walk, and a performance of Gershwin’s Rhapsody in Blue 
by the Harding Wind Ensemble all featured distinct cultural 
contributions from 1924. 
The 1924 Experience has also brought notable guest lecturers to 
campus, as well as current Harding faculty. In particular, Dr. Beverly 
Gage, a professor of history at Yale, spoke about her 2023 Pulitzer and 
Bancroft Prize winning book, G-Man: J. Edgar Hoover and the Making 
of the American Century, highlighting how Hoover, and the creation of 
the FBI, shaped America in the 20th century. Professors in the History 
and Political Science Department, such as Dr. Klein, Dr. Adams, and Dr. 
Gallagher, gave presentations on key moments in 1924 relating to their 
respective specialties. 
Professor Kim Liang, who planned and has overseen the 
experience, says that “As Ganus chair, one of my responsibilities is 
coming up with ideas to increase the love, understanding, and 
appreciation of history. Last summer I wanted to come up with 
something that would complement the centennial activities but not 
conflict with them. As a historian, my first thought was to build context 
about what else was happening in 1924…1924 wasn't a year that I knew 
a lot about at the beginning of this and so I started with research. I looked 
for any interesting events or happenings from 1924 and I was suddenly 
inundated with ideas. I wanted to make sure that there was a good mix of 
fields (history, music, science, education, etc.) and a good mix of events 
(speakers, art shows, concerts, poetry walks, museum-like exhibits). 
From that point I just brainstormed how I thought each would be best 
 2 
represented and started looking around to see if I could make it happen. I 
have joked to many people that, as an ancient and medieval historian, 
you can ask me whatever questions you want from European history 
before 1500 AD or from American history in 1924, but not 1923 or 25.” 
In all, the program provided interesting perspectives on different events 
happening around the world. It allowed members of the Harding 
community to see themselves, and their history, not just as one insulated 
to Searcy, but a larger story in which Harding, since its founding, has 
played an important role. 


1924 Experience

In this study, I attempt to explain the disproportionate incarceration rates which exist in the United States. The black American are incarcerated at a significantly higher rate than any other ethnic group in the country. I hypothesize single parent households and poor public education systems will have significant influences on incarceration rates. For this study I run an OLS regression and use data from all fifty states between 2019-2020. I use seven independent variables in this study: ACGR score, GDP per capita, unemployment rate, percent of births to unmarried women, homicide rate, population, and political party affiliation of a state. I argue improvements in the public education system will cause black American incarceration rates to decrease. The ACGR score of a state is statistically significant in relation to the black American incarceration rate in my model

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