3103 research outputs found
Sort by
Treatment and prevention of community-acquired bacterial meningitis
No full textBacterial meningitis is a serious infection that requires immediate treatment. Recommended empiric antimicrobial therapy is based upon the most likely pathogen, according to a patient’s age and immune status. Antimicrobial therapy should be modified after identification of the causative microorganism and results of susceptibility tests. Preventive measures include the use of vaccines that target Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, as well as the use of chemoprophylaxis in selected situations. Pharmacists are in a key position to recommend appropriate antimicrobial therapy for the treatment and prophylaxis of bacterial meningitis and to ensure that patients are receiving recommended vaccinations
Promoting interprofessional student outcomes through the narrative of an opioid use disorder survivor
No full textThe inappropriate use of opioids is a national concern. Experts suggest a multifaceted, collaborative practice approach to reduce mortality rates in complex healthcare issues is effective. Before practice, students require education to address the development of interprofessional (IP) skills. The purpose of this mixed-methods cohort study was to identify changes in student self-perceived value of IP socialization skills and to explore student perceptions of IP engagement in the context of the opioid crisis, before and after a combined IP panel and focus group discussion using a healthcare professional’s journey from addiction into recovery. Thirty-three pre-licensure healthcare students in Schools of Counseling, Nursing, Occupational Therapy, Pharmacy, and Physical Therapy assessed their IP experience using the Interprofessional Socialization and Valuing Scale (ISVS). The IP event included interactive discussions with a panel of healthcare providers, a pharmacist in recovery from opioid use disorder, and a local prescription drug awareness and prevention advocate. Significant differences occurred between pre and post ISVS scores in the perceived value of IP collaborative work. Results from the qualitative analysis revealed a need for student-driven self-reflection before the discussions evolved to address the perspectives of future practitioner, the patient, and the healthcare system. Creating a real-time, face-to-face interaction with a panel of healthcare practitioners, an opioid survivor in concert with a local prescription drug prevention advocate may be an effective means toward improving teaching IP value and progressing student outcomes toward IP skill attainment
The influence of conventional T2 MRI indices in predicting who will walk outside one year after spinal cord injury
No full textContext/Objective: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indices of spinal cord damage are predictive of future motor function after spinal cord injury (SCI): hyperintensity length, midsagittal tissue bridges, and Brain and Spinal Injury Center (BASIC) scores. Whether these indices are predictive of outdoor walking after SCI is unknown. The primary purpose was to see if these MRI indices predict the ability to walk outdoors one-year after SCI. The secondary purpose was to determine if MRI indices provide additional predictive value if initial lower extremity motor scores are available. Design: Retrospective. Clinical T2-weighted MRIs were used to quantify spinal cord damage. Three MRI indices were calculated: midsagittal ventral tissue bridges, hyperintensity length, BASIC scores. Setting: Academic hospital. Participants: 129 participants with cervical SCI. Interventions: Inpatient rehabilitation. Outcomes Measures: One year after SCI, participants self-reported their outdoor walking ability. Results: Midsagittal ventral tissue bridges, hyperintensity length, and BASIC scores significantly correlated with outdoor walking ability (R = 0.34, P \u3c 0.001; R = −0.25, P \u3c 0.01; Rs = −0.35, P \u3c 001, respectively). Using midsagittal ventral tissue bridges and hyperintensity length, the final adjusted R 2 for model 1 = 0.19. For model 2, the adjusted R 2 using motor scores alone = 0.81 and MRI variables were non-significant. All five participants with observable intramedullary hemorrhage reported they were unable to walk one block outdoors. Conclusions: The MRI indices were significant predictors of outdoor walking ability, but when motor scores were available, this was the strongest predictor and neither midsagittal tissue bridges nor hyperintensity length contributed additional value. MRI indices may be a quick and convenient supplement to physical examination when motor testing is unavailable
The Molecular Pathophysiology of Concussion
No full textAfter a concussion, a series of complex, overlapping, and disruptive events occur within the brain, leading to symptoms and behavioral dysfunction. These events include ionic shifts, damaged neuronal architecture, higher concentrations of inflammatory chemicals, increased excitatory neurotransmitter release, and cerebral blood flow disruptions, leading to a neuronal crisis. This review summarizes the translational aspects of the pathophysiologic cascade of postconcussion events, focusing on the role of excitatory neurotransmitters and ionic fluxes, and their role in neuronal disruption. We review the relationship between physiologic disruption and behavioral alterations, and proposed treatments aimed to restore the balance of disrupted processes
The Ancient Mesopotamian Mīs Pî Ritual: An Application of the Ecological Anthropology of Roy Rappaport:
No full textM.S. Environmental Biology Capstone Project
Get PDFChapter 1: Coexistence begins with respect: human impacts on brown bears (Ursus arctos)
Chapter 2: Grizzly bear foraging patterns in relation to human disturbances in Sweden
Chapter 3: Activity budgets and social relationships of bull Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) at Denver Zoo
Chapter 4: Loris trade not so slow: conservation and welfare of slow lorise
Implementation of Diabetes Self-Management Education and Training for Clinical Nurses
Get PDFDiabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition characterized by microvascular and macrovascular complications due to high blood glucose levels (CDC, 2014). Diabetes results in various complications, such as increased risks for heart illness by about two to four-folds, adult-onset blindness, lower-limb amputations, and kidney failure. It also lowers life expectancy by about 15 year
Tweeter-in-chief: Rwandan president Paul Kagame’s use of twitter
No full textRwanda has received international praise for its rapid development and is said to be undergoing a ‘technology revolution’ at the hands of President Paul Kagame who has been described as a ‘Digital President’. This quantitative content analysis of Kagame’s official Twitter account analysed the first ten years of his tweets and found that he primarily tweets in English, with a positive sentiment about cross-government and cross-border interactions and, in doing so, presents Rwanda as a progressive, democratic player that is connected multilaterally to both African and global affairs. Throughout the decade, Kagame’s tweets evolved from being domestically focused on self-promotion to more globally focused on foreign engagement. While these findings could be indicative of a semi-authoritarian state, they also point to the presence of ‘Twitter diplomacy’ and the use of soft power tactics, which become stronger and clearer in the latter part of the decade
Melatonin use in pediatrics: Evaluating the discrepancy in evidence based on country and regulations regarding production
No full textMelatonin manufacturers in the United States have begun producing melatonin products specifically targeted for use in the pediatric population. This paper aims to critically evaluate the evidence available regarding the use of melatonin in children based on where the clinical trials are performed and the regulations regarding the production of melatonin in that country. Melatonin is regulated differently around the world with the least amount of regulation placed on OTC supplements in the United States. The majority of studies evaluating melatonin use in the pediatric population are conducted with children who have comorbidities, such as autism spectrum disorder or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Evidence supporting the use of US formulations of melatonin in the otherwise healthy pediatric population is non-existent. Based on the lack of safety regulations in place in the United States and the lack of evidence regarding US melatonin products, they should be used sparingly in the otherwise healthy pediatric population, if they are used at all