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Designing a Measure of Body Image: Cognitive Interview Findings From an Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Sample
No full textPurpose: A cancer diagnosis in adolescence and young adulthood significantly impacts a person’s quality of life, particularly concerning identity, self-esteem, and subsequently, body image. This study aims to develop a psychometrically-sound patient-reported outcome measure of body image for adolescent and young adult (AYA) oncology patients that was guided by the National Institutes of Health’s Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS) Scientific Standards and our past concept elicitation interviews with AYAs. Methods: We conducted a multi-step approach involving item identification, refinement, generation; translatability and reading level review; and cognitive interviews. A purposive sample of 25 AYA patients participated, ensuring representation across educational levels, gender, treatment status, and cancer type. Results: Translatability and reading level reviews facilitated language adjustments. Cognitive interviews revealed that 76% of AYAs found the 50 candidate items assessing body image concerns to be easy to answer. AYAs reported that the body image items captured their lived experiences. Three items were excluded due to comprehension difficulties. Conclusion: This study addresses the critical gap in validated measures for assessing body image in AYA oncology patients. Interview findings provided evidence for the content validity and comprehensibility for 47 items assessing body image. The next steps involve large-scale psychometric testing to evaluate the reliability and validity of the body image items to form an item bank allowing the design of short forms or use of computerized-adaptive testing. Ultimately, this work lays the foundation for developing interventions to mitigate the impact of cancer on AYAs’ body image during diagnosis, treatment, and recovery
Label Free, Capillary-Scale Blood Flow Mapping in Vivo Reveals That Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Evokes Persistent Dilation in Cortical Microvasculature
No full textNon-invasive, low intensity focused ultrasound is an emerging neuromodulation technique that offers the potential for precision, personalized therapy. An increasing body of research has identified mechanosensitive ion channels that can be modulated by FUS and support acute electrical activity in neurons. However, neuromodulatory effects that persist from hours to days have also been reported. The brain’s ability to provide blood flow to electrically active regions involves a multitude of non-neuronal cell types and signaling pathways in the cerebral vasculature; an open question is whether persistent effects can be attributed, at least partly, to vascular mechanisms. Using an in vivo optical approach, we found that microvasculature, and not larger vessels, exhibit significant persistent dilation following sonication without the use of microbubbles. This finding reveals a heretofore unseen aspect of the effects of FUS in vivo and indicates that concurrent changes in neurovascular function may partially underly persistent neuromodulatory effects
Identification of the Novel HLA-DPB1*1483:01 Allele in a Deceased Hispanic/Latino Donor
No full textWe describe the novel HLA-DPB1*1483:01 allele found in a deceased Hispanic/Latino male
Assessment of Three Criteria to Establish Borrelial Infection in Suspected Lyme Neuroborreliosis
No full textPurpose: Diagnosis of (European) Lyme neuroborreliosis has been based on clinical presentation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis and demonstration of intrathecal borrelial antibody synthesis (ITBAS) to document Borrelia burgdorferi s. l. infection. It is not known if other criteria to document Borrelia infection may contribute to the diagnosis. Methods: We compared the sensitivity of three individual criteria (ITBAS, CSF Borrelia culture, and the presence of erythema migrans [EM]) to confirm the diagnosis of early Lyme neuroborreliosis in 280 patients ≥ 15 years of age evaluated at a Lyme borreliosis outpatient clinic in Slovenia. The patients had either radicular pain of new onset or involvement of a cranial nerve but without radicular pain, each in conjunction with CSF pleocytosis. Evaluation was of patients who had each of the three confirmatory criteria assessed, and for whom at least one criterion was positive. Results: Analysis of 280 patients, 120 women and 160 men, median age 57 (range 15–84) years, revealed that ITBAS was the most frequently observed positive criterion (85.4%), followed by EM (52.9%), and by a positive CSF Borrelia culture (9.6%). Of the 280 patients, 154 (55%) met only one criterion (43.2% ITBAS only, 10.7% EM only, and 1.1% positive CSF culture only), whereas 42.1% met two criteria. Only 2.9% of patients were positive by all three criteria. Conclusion: Although ITBAS was the most frequent criterion for confirmation for Borrelia infection, the presence of EM alone confirmed an additional 10.7% of patients and a positive CSF Borrelia culture alone added another 1.1%
Pediatric Obesity and Adverse Outcomes Following Deformity Correction Surgery for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Using 2015–2019 NIS Data
No full textBackground: Obesity in the pediatric population has been a growing medical concern over the last few decades with a prevalence of 19.7% as of 2017–2020. Obesity is a risk factor for greater scoliotic curves and failure of conservative therapy for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Establishing a correlation between obesity and a wide variety of adverse outcomes following scoliosis surgery can assist in the preoperative consultation with the family and proper optimization of the patient for scoliosis fusion surgery. Methods: The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was used to access inpatient data from 2015 to 2019. Pediatric patients with idiopathic scoliosis admitted for spinal deformity correction via posterior spinal fusion of over 8 levels were identified. Patients were stratified based on the comorbid diagnosis of obesity. Variables that were significantly associated with outcomes (p \u3c 0.05) were used in a multivariable logistic regression to control for confounders. Backwards stepwise p-value removal was used to build the final model and model fit was assessed using the area under the curve. Results: A total of 855 obese and 17,285 non-obese pediatric patients undergoing posterior instrumented fusion for scoliotic deformity correction were identified. The obese group was associated with a higher rate of SSI (0.6% vs 0.1%, p \u3c 0.001), UTI (1.2% vs. 0.3%, p \u3c 0.001), and AKI (0.6% vs 0.1%, p = 0.12) compared to the normal BMI group. Obese patients were also more likely to have a non-routine discharge when compared to non-obese (4.7% vs. 2.3%, p \u3c 0.001). The rate of having more than one complication occurring postoperatively was higher in the obese group, however, this finding was not significant (0.6%, vs 0.4%, p = 0.385). On multivariate regression analysis, obesity was positively associated with SSI (OR = 2.758, CI = 0.999–7.614, p = 0.050), UTI (OR = 2.221, CI = 1.082–4.560, p = 0.030), non-routine discharge (OR = 1.515, CI = 1.070–2.147, p = 0.019), and an extended LOS (OR = 1.869, CI = 1.607–2.174, p \u3c 0.001). Conclusion: Obesity was associated with postoperative blood transfusion, SSI, UTI, increased length of stay, and non-routine discharge after pediatric AIS deformity surgery. In addition to the increased morbidity seen in obese patients, we also identified the significantly increased cost of care for this group when compared to non-obese patients. These data should be used for a robust preoperative risk assessment and evidence for BMI optimization prior to deformity correction for AIS
InTouch Week of July 28, 2025
No full textNYMC SOM Student Senate Sets the Tone for the Year Ahead Mitchell Cairo, M.D., Engineers Hope to Cure Childhood Cancer Menopause Reshapes Skin Health from Hair Loss to Acne TCDM Welcomes Class of 2029 Student Spotlight: Comfort Williams Advances Pulmonary Vascular Research on a Global Stage Alumni Spotlight: Maksat Idris, M.D. ’25, Carries the Torch of Medicine Across Generations and Bordershttps://touroscholar.touro.edu/in_touch/1370/thumbnail.jp
Symptoms Tachycardia
No full texthttps://touroscholar.touro.edu/quill_and_scope_images/1218/thumbnail.jp
Live in the Moment
No full texthttps://touroscholar.touro.edu/quill_and_scope_images/1235/thumbnail.jp