19043 research outputs found
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Contemporary Issues in Economics and Finance: The View from China
No full text2026
This collection of essays showcases original research crafted by exceptional young scholars—primarily high school students from China and North America—guided step-by-step from topic selection to final publication. Across diverse subjects in business and the social sciences, these emerging researchers demonstrate curiosity, discipline, and global awareness. Their work provides a rare window into the questions today’s youth are asking on both sides of the Pacific, offering fresh perspectives and a meaningful bridge between two world powers. Designed not only to inspire but also to instruct, this compendium fills a long-recognized gap in early research education: it presents accessible, real student scholarship that models the full research process. Ideal for secondary and undergraduate classrooms, it equips readers with practical methods, clear examples, and the confidence to launch their own investigations. This is a toolkit for tomorrow’s thinkers—engaging, informative, and academically grounded.https://touroscholar.touro.edu/opentextbooks/1017/thumbnail.jp
Universal Newborn Screening for Congenital Cytomegalovirus Using Dried Blood Spot Specimens
No full textIMPORTANCE: Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the most common nongenetic cause of sensorineural hearing loss in children and a cause of long-term neurological disabilities. In the absence of universal screening, cCMV disease in many newborns will go undiagnosed and untreated. OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility, screen-positive rate, and parental acceptance of newborn screening for cCMV using dried blood spot (DBS) specimens. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this population-based diagnostic study, newborns whose DBS specimens were submitted to the New York State Newborn Screening Program from October 2, 2023, through September 30, 2024, for routine screening were also screened for CMV. Parents were given the option to opt out of receiving CMV results. Infectious disease specialists at designated medical centers performed follow-up of referred newborns. Of the 208 322 newborns whose specimens were submitted, 245 (0.1%) were opted out of the CMV screen by their parents; 22 families did so after CMV results were released. EXPOSURE: DBS screening of newborns. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: CMV was detected in DBS specimens from newborns using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Appropriate follow-up and treatment were provided to referred newborns. RESULTS: Of the 208 099 newborns (48.6% female and 51.0% male; mean [SD] age at specimen collection, 3.5 [12.3] days [median, 1.0 days]) whose CMV results were reported, 529 had positive CMV screen results (0.3%). Following referral and initial diagnostic evaluation, 276 of the 529 newborns (52.2%) were diagnosed with cCMV (overall rate of 0.1%). Among the 276 newborns with cCMV, 68 (24.6%) had symptomatic cCMV disease, 197 (71.4%) had asymptomatic infection, and 11 (4.0%) had isolated sensorineural hearing loss. Additionally, 131 of the 529 referred newborns (24.8%) had likely acquired CMV postnatally, 17 (3.2%) had false-positive screen results, 43 (8.1%) had unknown CMV classification, and 62 (11.7%) were lost to follow-up or their parents declined follow-up. Of the 68 newborns with symptomatic cCMV disease, 48 (70.6%) were treated with antiviral medication. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this diagnostic study, early identification of cCMV allowed newborns to be evaluated, which provided an opportunity for improved outcomes. Although the intent of the screening was to detect cCMV, a sizeable minority of cases identified had postnatally acquired CMV infections. Further studies that incorporate long-term data are needed to better understand the impact of cCMV identification among newborns with asymptomatic infection
InTouch Week of January 26, 2026
No full textAlcohol Use Disorder Yields Worse Prognosis Following Brain Hemorrhage Love at NYMC Student Spotlight: SOM Student Is Bridging Language Gaps in Neurology with AIhttps://touroscholar.touro.edu/in_touch/1388/thumbnail.jp
Renal Sarcomas in Children and Adolescents: A Retrospective, Multicenter Cohort Study
No full textBACKGROUND: Renal sarcomas arise rarely in children and adolescents and represent a histologically and biologically diverse disease category. Consequently, standardizing optimal therapies for pediatric renal sarcomas remains challenging. Leveraging a large North American research collaborative, the purposes of this study were to evaluate the current state of patient, disease, and survival characteristics among pediatric renal sarcomas and to expose knowledge gaps that will inform future discovery. METHODS: Patients 21 years or younger and treated for a primary renal sarcoma between January 1st, 2000 and November 30th, 2022 were identified through the Pediatric Surgical Oncology Research Collaborative. Patient (e.g., demographics) and disease (e.g., histology, stage, molecular alterations) characteristics were abstracted from contributing institutions. Descriptive statistics, Pearson-Chi square (categorical variables), Kruskal-Wallis (continuous variables), Cox regression (Hazard ratios), and Kaplan-Meier 4-year event-free and overall survival (OS) analyses were completed. FINDINGS: Among 158 patients, clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK; n = 94), Ewing sarcoma (EWS; n = 33), and undifferentiated sarcoma (n = 8) predominated. Sarcoma type correlated significantly with age at diagnosis (p \u3c 0.0001), with infantile fibrosarcoma (IFS) and CCSK occurring in the youngest patients, whereas EWS and synovial sarcoma presented in the oldest. Predisposition syndromes were identified in 11/155 (7.1%) patients, most commonly DICER1 and Li-Fraumeni. Multimodal therapies varied significantly across sarcoma types (p = 0.0008), although nephrectomy was uniform. Tumor thrombectomy was performed in 9 patients (6 with EWS). When tested, somatic molecular alterations were observed principally in CCSK (17/38; 45%) and EWS (26/26; 100%; p = 0.001). At 4 years, OS differed significantly by sarcoma type, ranging from highest to lowest as follows: CCSK 0.927 (95% CI 0.845-0.967), EWS 0.901 (95% CI 0.723-0.967), undifferentiated sarcoma 0.833 (95% CI 0.273-0.975), IFS 0.667 (95% CI 0.054-0.945), and rhabdomyosarcoma 0.500 (95% CI 0.111-0.804; p = 0.036). Hematogenous metastases occurred most in the lungs (n = 19 total; 10 with EWS), followed by bone (n = 12), which occurred only with CCSK (n = 9) and EWS (n = 3). Two patients developed brain metastases (one each with CCSK and rhabdomyosarcoma). At 4 years, OS was 0.957 (95% CI 0.888-0.984) for patients presenting without metastases and 0.717 (95% CI 0.545-0.833) for those with metastases (p = 0.00015). INTERPRETATION: Renal sarcomas presenting in children and adolescents comprise a heterogeneous disease category with unique patient, clinical, and molecular characteristics that complicate standardizing therapeutic strategies beyond CCSK and EWS. FUNDING: None
Effect of Dietary Salt Excess on DNA Methylation and Transcriptional Regulation of Human Angiotensinogen Gene Expression
No full textBACKGROUND: Hypertension is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Angiotensinogen (AGT) is a component of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which regulates blood pressure. Genome-wide association studies have shown that two A/G polymorphisms (rs2493134 and rs2004776), located at +507 and +1164 in intron I of the human AGT (hAGT) gene, are linked to hypertension. AGT polymorphisms result in two haplotypes, Hap-I a pro-hypertensive, whereas Hap-II is normotensive. Previous studies support the role of epigenetics in blood pressure regulation. In this study, we generated transgenic mice (TG) with hAGT containing Hap-I and Hap-II variants to investigate the effect of high salt diet (HSD) on epigenetics and transcriptional regulation. METHODS: We treated Hap-I and Hap-II TG mice with 4% HSD and identified DNA methylation patterns. We measured hAGT mRNA and protein by qPCR and immunoblot, respectively. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and RNA sequencing were performed. RESULTS: hAGT gene expression is increased by HSD in both Hap-I and Hap-II TG mice. In the liver and kidney, we observed significantly higher DNA demethylation (less CpG\u27s) and stronger binding of transcription factors in the promoter of Hap-I TG mice as compared to Hap-II post HSD. RNA-Seq identified differentially expressed genes, novel target genes, canonical pathways, and upstream regulators associated with hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings identified a novel high salt-sensitive risk haplotype, novel CpG sites and DNA methylation patterns, potential gene targets, and pathways implicated in hypertension. Combining epigenetic and transcriptional analysis allows for a more holistic understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that govern the hAGT gene
Why Do Deaths and Catastrophic Injury From Anesthesia in the Dental Office-Based Setting Still Occur?
No full textImpact of Dementia on Outcomes in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study of 420,375 Hospitalizations
No full textOBJECTIVE: Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database to evaluate whether patients with dementia were managed with reperfusion therapy, intravascular thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular thrombectomy (EVT), at lower rates than patients without dementia and determine if this influenced outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using the NIS between 2015 and 2022. We included patients ≥ 18 years-old with AIS and dementia. Primary outcomes were odds of routine discharge, inpatient mortality, and efficacy of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) and intravascular thrombolysis (IVT). RESULTS: Patients with dementia and AIS (n = 420,375) had significantly higher NIHSS scores (p \u3c 0.001) and longer length of stay (p \u3c 0.001). They were also less likely to receive EVT (aOR: 0.402, p \u3c 0.001) and less likely to receive IVT (aOR: 0.742. p \u3c 0.001). Patients with dementia and AIS treated with EVT were less likely to undergo routine discharge (aOR: 0.673, p \u3c 0.001) and more likely to suffer inpatient mortality (aOR: 1.68, p \u3c 0.001). Patients with both diagnoses treated with IVT were more likely to undergo routine discharge (aOR: 1.20, p \u3c 0.001) and suffer inpatient mortality (aOR: 1.27, p \u3c 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with dementia and AIS were 25% less likely to receive IVT and 60% less likely to receive EVT despite their greater stroke severity. Use of EVT and IVT was associated with increased mortality rates in patients with dementia and AIS. At the same time, use of IVT was associated with significantly increased rates of routine discharge in this population. These discrepancies highlight the need to balance the risks and benefits of thrombolytic therapy for each dementia patient
InTouch Week of February 16, 2026
No full textHeLa Conference Explores Ethics, Equity, and Innovation in a Changing Health Care Landscape Kupersmith Lecture Explores Federal Tax Incentives for Living Kidney Donation: Ethical, Economic, and Halachic Considerations Medical Students Celebrate in Style at Annual NYMC Formal Faculty Spotlight: From Pupil to Professor: Randy Goldberg, M.D. \u2797, M.P.H. \u2713, FACP, FHMhttps://touroscholar.touro.edu/in_touch/1391/thumbnail.jp