University of Missouri–St. Louis

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    Killin\u27 Nazis : How Jews are Portrayed in Tarantino\u27s Inglorious Basterds

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    In Quentin Tarantino\u27s Inglorious Basterds, Jews are portrayed as violent, revenge-seeking Nazi hunters. This portrayal creates an ironic conflict within Tarantino\u27s audience because Jews are seen as capable of the same atrocities of which they were victims. Under Hannah Arendt\u27s definition of Nazis, the actions of the Jews in Inglorious Basterds are not equivalent to the crimes that Nazis committed. Jewish revenge fantasies are thereby not the same as the actual violence that Jews received from Nazis

    Holocaust Denial: The Conspiracy of Ignorance

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    Holocaust denial means denying that the intentional mass extermination of Jews by the Nazi Regime during WWII happened. It is essential to know about these deniers and to refute their claims to stop the spread of misinformation. Topics investigated were what Holocaust denial is, why deniers support it, who are Holocaust deniers, an example being David Irving, the major claims of deniers, and how historians refute those claims. Those answers were found from multiple sources, including Denying the Holocaust by Deborah Lipstadt and Hitler\u27s War by David Irving. The major findings were there are many denier claims. Three major ones are deaths in the camps were caused by disease and starvation caused deaths, not gas chambers, less than six million Jews died, more like 300,000 to 1 to 2 million, and there was no intentional Nazi plan to annihilate the Jewish population. However, there is extensive evidence to refute those claims, including photos and eyewitness accounts of the gas chambers being used, the six million figure is based on various population demographics, and the intent of the Nazis was evident through the actions of Jewish deportation and eventual concentration into camps and murder. Holocaust denial is not a thing of the past and should not be tolerated today. It is important to educate yourself and others on the Holocaust and WWII to help prevent Holocaust denial

    How Technology is Helping Holocaust Deniers Rewrite History

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    In the age of social media, it is easier to connect to people with like-minded views. Well, my poster offers an explanation for how prevalent holocaust deniers are on social media and what exactly companies are doing about it

    Hvaldimir: Russian Beluga Spy Whale

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    In April of 2019, a beluga whale was found off the coast of Norway. The whale’s presence there is perplexing, as beluga whales are not often seen in the area. What is even more strange is the fact that the whale was wearing a mysterious harness and seemed to be tame. Nobody has officially claimed ownership of the whale, and nobody really knows why the whale is in Norway. Most importantly however, nobody knows what the whale\u27s real mission is. Conspiracy theorists have proposed that the whale, dubbed Hvaldimir, is a trained Russian spy who escaped and abandoned his mission. Other people have argued that Hvaldimir is a therapy whale who wants to help people. Four years later, the Norwegian authorities still have many questions about Hvaldimir’s origins, but very few definitive answers

    Presentation Format and Disclosure Overload: Evidence from the Public Sector

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    Disclosure overload is a condition that occurs in some users of financial statement disclosures that may result in adverse effects, such as a lack of comprehension of information and increased time for cognitive processing. Disclosure overload research has focused primarily on decision quality and accuracy when using non-mandatory disclosures, largely excluding consideration of mandatory financial statement disclosures. This study examined mandatory financial statement disclosures through the lens of cognitive fit theory using an experimental research design. Cognitive fit theory was tested across different disclosure formats and at varying levels of financial accounting literacy to measure the effect on overload symptoms. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance. The findings showed a statistically significant increase in reported disclosure overload symptoms between the paragraph and the table and chart formats. Although financial accounting literacy was not confirmed as a moderator of the relationship between presentation format and disclosure overload, the findings confirmed statistically significant differences in mean disclosure overload, by financial accounting literacy levels, between the paragraph and the table and chart formats. These findings are useful to accounting standard setters and financial statement preparers interested in improving the quality of financial statement disclosures and strengthening institutional accountability

    Reading Preparation in Initial Teacher Preparation Programs in Missouri

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    This document reports on a research study about educator preparation programs in Missouri. In the spring of 2024, we developed and administered a survey to explore the curricular topics and instructional practices in initial teacher certification programs related to reading. The survey items were created by Drs. Katherine O’Daniels and Shea Kerkhoff to reflect the reading competencies outlined in the Missouri Standards for the Preparation of Educators (MoSPE) and the International Literacy (ILA) Standards for the Preparation of Literacy Professionals (see appendix A). We followed survey methodology best practices (Dillman, 2011; Groves et al., 2009) and used three strategies for improving content validity: 1) cognitive interviews with members of the target population, 2) testing the online survey with members of the target population, and 3) expert validation with a group of eight literacy professionals who work in both educator preparation programs (EPPs) and K-12 institutions. The survey was taken by personnel working in Missouri EPPs who teach courses related to literacy preparation of early childhood and elementary teachers. In this report, we share the aggregated results of the survey to describe the perceived strengths and gaps that exist within our state. These results can be used to inform statewide program improvement efforts and contribute data-based assertions to conversations about literacy curricula and practices in EPPs

    Black Female Educator: Underappreciated, Overworked, and the Indelible Quest for Agency Within the Educational System

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    In this study, I examined my experiences in the educational system as a Black female who feels overworked and underappreciated, like I must constantly prove my credibility and fight stereotypes, and feel strain of trying to remain healthy, physically and mentally, while trying to find agency in the educational system. I recount the trauma I faced as a Black female student and then as a Black female educator. I documented my experiences from my time in K-12 and my years as an educator. I utilized the Critical Race Theory tenet, persistence of racism, Intersectionality, and Black feminist thought as the framework for analysis. I follow with implications and recommendations for Black female educators and school districts. I conclude with my final thoughts on the study and where this journey has led me as I look to my future as an educator

    Bridging the Gap: Psychopharmacologic Education and Side Effect Screening for Non-Prescribing Mental Health Professionals

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    Abstract Problem: The United States is experiencing a growing demand for pediatric mental health support. Surges in mental health diagnoses and psychotropic medication prescriptions have occurred, compounded by a shortage of psychiatric providers. Non-prescribing mental health professionals are well-positioned to recognize psychotropic medication side effects. However, psychologists and counselors lack formal pharmacology education. Methods: The quality improvement (QI) initiative was guided by the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) model. The evidence-based psychopharmacologic education for non-prescribers utilized a quasi-experimental pre- and post- test design. Data collected from clinicians included knowledge, confidence, and skill concerning psychotropic medications. The Psychotropic Medication Monitoring Checklist (PMMC) screen clients aged 3-17 years presenting to an outpatient multidisciplinary clinic within an eight-week period. Data collected from clients included age, race, gender, and number of psychotropic medications prescribed. Clinicians use the PMMC to identify medication side effects and subsequent care collaborations with caregivers and/or prescribers. Results: The brief education was statically significantly in improving clinician knowledge, confidence, and skill about psychotropic medications in eight out of nine measures, and all survey results proved clinically significant. Seven clients were screened with the PMMC for psychotropic medication side effects, resulting in the identification of eight medication side effects and two interdisciplinary care collaborations. Implications for Practice: Psychopharmacology education and screening for non-prescribing mental health professionals could increase clinical knowledge and care collaboration

    Partial Purification of Alzheimer’s Amyloid- Specific Antibody Using Ammonium Sulfate

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    Alzheimer\u27s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease. The trigger for AD is the accumulation of amyloid-beta protein (Aβ) as senile plaques in the brain. Prior to forming the fiber-like structures found in the plaques, Aβ undergoes an oligomerization process that produces intermediate structures called protofibrils. Substantial data from the Nichols laboratory demonstrated that soluble Aβ protofibrils were highly inflammatory compared to other forms of Aβ. Based on these findings, a serum polyclonal antibody, named Antibody St. Louis or AbSL, was developed to target Aβ protofibrils. A significant challenge with serum antibodies is the presence of many other biological factors in the samples. This study investigates the application of ammonium sulfate (AS) to precipitate and partially purify the AbSL antibody from serum, aiming to enhance its sensitivity and specificity. Two separate purification experiments indicated that the serum AbSL antibody could be precipitated between 20% and 50% AS. The AbSL antibody was tracked in different fractions using an ELISA assay. Further studies will help determine the exact solution that will give optimal purification of the AbSL serum antibody. This method will effectively eliminate extraneous serum proteins that could potentially impede the functionality of the antibody

    Reducing Restraint Use and WorkPlace Violence with the Broset Violence Checklist

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    Problem: Psychiatric mental health nurses have an increased rate of workplace violence due to the acuity of patients they care for. When aggressive behavior cannot be resolved verbally, physical methods such as restraints may be utilized. Restraint use can result in unwanted consequences for both the patient and the nurse. Predicting risk of violence can be useful at reducing violence and restraint use through early risk identification. Methods: The Broset Violence Checklist (BVC) was implemented as a way to predict aggression risk in an in-patient psychiatric unit within a mid-western hospital. This study utilized a pre- and post-intervention approach to data collection and was guided by the Plan-Do-Study-Act framework. A pre- and post-intervention medical record review was conducted to determine rates of restraint use and workplace violence. Results: During the pre-intervention period there was a total of 41 restraint events with a restraint rate of 2.7%. During the intervention period there was a total of 34 restraint events with a restraint rate of 2.0%. The rate of workplace violence increased slightly during the intervention period from 2.38% to 3.63%. Non-parametric statistical testing looked for a relationship between patient risk level for violence at the time of restraint and their risk the following shift. No significant relationship was found among these variables (p=1.00). Implications for Practice: Findings support that formal aggression screening tools may be effective in reducing restraint use among in-patient psychiatric patients. Prior to this project there was no protocol for predicting aggression in patients. When successfully implemented aggression screening tools, such as the BVC, may reduce the need for physical restraints by creating awareness among staff

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