1025 research outputs found
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Microwave-Assisted Hydrogenations of Ketones and Aldehydes Using Frustrated Lewis Pairs
No full textHydrogenation of a series of ketones and aldehydes was accomplished under microwave irradiation utilizing catalytic tris(pentafluurophenyl)borane and an ethereal solvent acting as a frustrated Lewis pair (FLP). Cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) displayed the best results when reacting with 1 mmol of several substrates and 10% catalyst, completing the reaction in 30 minutes or less. Furthermore, the hydrogen consumption was able to be analyzed in real time, and rate constants and activation energy for these reactions were able to be determined utilizing a first-order integrated rate law and the Arrhenius equation, respectively. In addition, effects of substituent location on aromatic compounds was also analyzed. These reactions were completed significantly faster than similar reactions using conventional heating methods. The results presented herein suggest microwave irradiation can significantly enhance the rate of FLP-catalyzed hydrogenations
Investigating the Effect of EGFR RNAi on Ventral Midline Glial Cells in Drosophila Melanogaster
No full textIn Drosophila melanogaster, the EGFR pathway is known to play a role in the organization of the central nervous system. More specifically, the ventral midline glial development during embryogenesis and the organization of the axonal scaffold, a ladder like structure comprised of longitudinal connectives and segmental commissures. The EGFR pathway activates the Ras/MAPK kinase cascade that phosphorylates the transcriptional activator, PntP2 leading to the differentiation of midline glia. In wild type embryos, the midline glia are required for ensheathing and therefore the separation of commissures. We expressed EGFR RNAi in the ventral midline glial cells using four RNAi lines: two Valium20 lines which produce short-hairpin RNAs, as well as Valium10 and VDRC which produce both long-hairpin RNAs. Using these four lines we will assess the effectiveness of each RNAi lines to affect the differentiation of the midline glia by and determine if there is a greater effect on the development of midline glial cells using either short or the long hairpin RNAi. The single-minded-gal4 line will be used to knockdown the expression of egfr mRNA in midline glia, which allows us to specifically target this area without perturbing development of other tissues in the embryos of Drosophila melanogaster
Empirical Knowledge from Crimean to U.S. Civil War (1850-1865)
No full textThe Crimean and Civil War are two wars that rarely get compared despite their overly similar characteristics. This paper argues that cross cultural experience between the Crimean and Civil War did occur within military medicine, with key figures such as Florence Nightingale and Julian Chisolm. This paper takes secondary sources about military medicine and uses it to connect the primary sources with the cross cultural experience. Many historians focus on Paris, Britain, and Scotland universities when studying cross cultural studies of medicine. Looking at cross cultural studies on military medicine offers a completely different take on how Americans studied medicine. By researching letters, manuals, and diaries this paper hopes to dissect the reasoning for the cross cultural ties between the Crimean and Civil War
The Effects of College Decision Making Factors on Career Placement
No full textIn this study, I examined the effects of acceptance rates, loan borrowing, field of study, and four-year cost of attending tertiary education programs on early career payoff. I found that acceptance rates and percentage of students that are STEM majors (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) are statistically significant in early career pay utilizing a cross sectional data model from the top twenty universities and worst twenty universities in terms of salary earned after graduation, and the twenty best universities in terms of career placement post-graduation
Synthesis and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of 4-oxobutanoate derivatives of carvacrol and thymol
No full textCarvacrol (1) and thymol (2) were converted to their alkyl 4-oxobutanoate derivatives (7–20) in three steps, and evaluated for tyrosinase inhibitory activity. The compounds showed structure-dependent activity, with all alkyl 4-oxobutanoates, except 7 and 20, showing better inhibitory activity than the precursor 4-oxobutanoic acids (5 and 6). In general, thymol derivatives exhibited a higher percent inhibitory activity than carvacrol derivatives at 500μM. Derivatives containing three-carbon and four-carbon alkyl groups gave the strongest activity (carvacrol derivatives 9–12, IC50 =128.8–244.1μM; thymol derivatives 16–19, IC50=102.3–191.4μM)
The Effects of Social Media and Technology on Relationship Quality
No full textThe purpose of our research was to examine the how the usage of technology affected the quality of familial relationships within college-aged students, while also taking extraneous variables into account, such as, how gender and age. In our study, we used a modified version of the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) and the Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ). Groups of approximately 10 students were placed in a large, college classroom where they used desktop computers to take the survey. The Qualtrics survey consisted of questions about social media usage, closeness with a certain family member, and the students’ perspective on relationships, in general. We predicted that, on average, female young adults would use technology more frequently and would have better overall satisfaction with their familial relationships. In our research we have found that
Pupil dilation in response to the attractiveness of angled and curved objects: An exploration of personality differences
No full textPrior research has shown that people show a preference for objects with curved instead of angled edges, perhaps because angles are more associated with threats in the environment. While previous research has looked at participants’ explicit ratings of attractiveness, the current study adds a physiological measure that is outside of conscious control: pupil dilation. Participants in our study view and rate the attractiveness of several neutral items (such as wristwatches and tables), with each type of item being presented in both a curved and angled version. Throughout this task, participants were also monitored with eye tracking equipment, which recorded eye movements and pupil dilations for each item. We predict that participants will show a conscious preference for the curved objects, consistent with previous findings, and that this pattern will also be reflected in changes in pupil size
“Give Me Your Tired, Your Poor...” but We May Not Give Them Health Care: How Federal and State Policies Affect the Health Care of Hispanic Immigrants
No full textTwo of the most important issues to Americans today are healthcare and immigration, and for Hispanic immigrants, these two systems and sets of policies collide and interact in complex ways that have significant effects on their lives. These systems are influenced by both federal and state-level policy decisions, though the federal policy climate is typically more salient than policies set at the state-level. So that begs the question: what affects, if any, do state-level health and immigration policies have on Hispanic immigrants, specifically on their access to healthcare and health insurance? Through an in-depth examination of several state-level policies and the rates of Hispanic immigrants’ health care usage and health insurance coverage in those states, this study aims to determine the effects of inclusive, exclusive, and moderate state-level policies on Hispanic immigrants’ health care in the context of an exclusionary and restrictive federal policy climate
The Effects of Music in the Third Grade Classroom
No full textMy self study was designed to look at how the use of music in the classroom during my student teaching would affect my teaching practices. I integrated music throughout the day in my third grade classroom at Selinsgrove Intermediate School. I used music during both instructional and non-instructional time. I analyzed data gathered through classroom interactions as well as personal experience and reflection journals. I found that the use of music helped me develop a better sense of classroom community, fostered positive interactions between myself and students, as well as inspired more engaging instructional activities. The information that I have gained from this study will help to inform my future teaching practices with the integration of music into my future classroom
Ethics in Education
No full textThis paper focuses on identifying ethical teaching practices that can be implemented into classroom management, lessons, and activities within the general education realm. The need for ethical awareness, and further, the application of such knowledge, is evermore essential for the society and country in which we reside. Due to the vast diversification of students in our classrooms today, and the nature of teaching itself, it is important to ask and investigate: What are ethical teaching practices and how does my implementation of them affect my teaching and its consequential outcomes? Ethical teaching practices considered, include, but are not limited to: the use of sign language, Spanish, self-reflection, games, and bias awareness. It is hypothesized that this study will aid teachers in better understanding their roles and responsibilities as educators, as well as providing them the necessary tools and strategies to assist in enhancing their classroom management and overall personal performance