Revistas USIL (Univ. San Ignacio de Loyola)
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Distance Learning in the Humanitarian Field amid the Coronavirus Pandemic: Risks of Creating Barriers and Innovative Benefits
Get PDFThe goal of the research is to study the risks and innovative benefits of distance learning. The main research method is an anonymous survey of academic staff (university teachers) and students (future philologists, foreign language teachers), based on the need to clarify the situation associated with the use of distance learning technologies in the conditions of the quarantine. The following data have been obtained in the course of the study: the most significant opportunities for distance learning, the level of satisfaction with distance learning technologies, the compliance with the previously drawn up training schedule in the distance learning conditions, the satisfaction with the promptness of informing about the training schedule, the use of distance learning technologies to provide feedback, the factors that affect the quality of the implementation of distance learning technologies, the teachers' positive experience of using distance learning technologies, the use of distance learning technologies when providing students with lecture materials, as well as the use of information resources of the institution by the students. The results of the study have revealed that both students and teachers are aware of the need to work in a distance learning environment, but the coronavirus pandemic has created new risks for the higher education system, which require an innovative approach to overcoming barriers in the distance learning system. The results of the article can be used in the organization of distance learning at a humanitarian university
Young teachers’ professional identity in the conditions of social, labor, and digital transformation of Russian society
Get PDFIn society, there is a perception of young teachers as the future of the Russian education system who need constant patronage due to their lack of professional experience and skill. However, young teachers present not only a professional resource for the future of Russian education but also a social group with its own interests and values that is able to make a significant contribution to the development of general education in the present. Study proposes a multidimensional methodological construct of the sociological study of the professional identity of young teachers in Russian society developed within the “soft conception” of identity with consideration of both Russian and foreign theoretical and methodological experience. The internal and external factors for the formation of young teachers’ professional identity, as well as the structure, functions, and the real and ideal types of this identity are identified. The detection of tendencies in the development of real professional identity allows identifying the direction of the transformation of young teachers’ professional identity in Russian society via the comparison with ideal types
Social activity of student youth in the Rostov region: institutional aspects and subjective perception
Get PDFThe author analyzes the features of social activity of student youth by studying the structural components: motivational, resource availability and subjective perception that are influenced by the specially created institutional conditions. Through a survey of socially active students, it is discovered that the essential idea of this activity characterized by dominating motives of the public good does not correspond to reality which is based primarily on the pragmatic motivation of the subjects of activity. It is established that the created institutional conditions form the resource availability, which is sought after by students and represented by the cultural and social capitals, and the increased expectations of converting the capitals into professional resources at the start of their career. A semi-standard in-depth interview is conducted among working youth who engage in social activity during the university course. The results of the interview indicate that the resource availability formed by the social activity remains unutilized by employers at the start of one's career. Based on the results of the interview, the author notes the contradictions of the efficient conversion of social activity into professional resources.
Specifics of the development of students’ creative abilities in the context of higher education
Get PDFThis study examines the problems of the development of students’ creative abilities, their structure and specifics, similarities and differences from creativity. The aim of the research is theoretical and empirical consideration of the specifics of students’ creative abilities and their development. The problems of the essence of creative abilities, the role of their formation in the young age, specific methods and techniques are revealed. The research methodology and its algorithm were selected due to the purpose of the study. Experimental work included a complex psychological and pedagogical experiment, consisting of the indicative, formative and control stages. The study of students’ creative abilities was carried out on the basis of the Institute of Foreign Languages of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “The Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia” (RUDN). An experimental and a control group were formed, each included 45 people, the sampling is valid for all significant characteristics. The results of the study allow us to conclude that the training forms are especially effective in the development of students’ creative abilities. The level of development of the teacher’s creative abilities is a significant factor in the formation of students’ creative abilities.
Sostenibilidad fiscal luego del Covid 19
Get PDFDebido a la crisis sanitaria y al confinamiento obligatorio consecuencia del Covid 19 en 2020, muchas economías han desnudado vulnerabilidades que ahora se están intensificando, y que constituyen profundas dificultades para una recuperación. Sin embargo, pese a la gran crisis mundial algunos países han logrado contener las caídas de corto plazo utilizando medidas de política monetaria y un gran soporte fiscal como en el caso del Perú. A pesar de la drástica caída del producto (30,2 por ciento en el primer trimestre y 17 por ciento en el primer semestre de 2020) la respuesta se ha traducido en medidas monetarias y fiscales del orden del 20 por ciento del producto dirigidas al otorgamiento de garantías y ampliación del crédito, a la reducción de tasas de interés y al inicio de medidas de gasto público e impuestos
Associative Language Represenration of Mental States: Phenomenological Characteristics
Get PDFThis paper is focused on description of phenomenological characteristics of associative fields of mental states. The method of free association is used in the study. 61 students of both sexes aged 18 to 21 took part in the research. Group 1 had to write down their associations with 25 concepts of mental states. Group 2 participated in an associative experiment: participants had to name orally a single association with each of 25 mentioned mental states. The analysis of associative fields having been reconstructed on the basis of written and oral associations, demonstrated that all of them bear both equal and specific marks. Most of the states under study (as reflection, delight, joy, melancholy, hesitation, fatigue, tranquility) led to written and verbal associations that form the core and perinuclear layers coincided with only few differences, in particular, the forms of their expression. Written and oral associations with individual states (as happiness, love, gaiety, loneliness) could differ significantly from each other. The study reveals the mechanism of formation of specific associations and the characteristics of specific associations based on the concept of mental states. The identification of universal and specific components of the associative representation of states can demonstrate important regularities in shaping the structure of a person's ideas about their inner life
The Role of Urban Agriculture Approach in Food Supply and Export Ability (Case Study of Neishabour in Iran)
Get PDFThe growth of cities and the increase of urban population in recent years has caused many problems for the health of the environment and citizens. On the other hand, given that urbanism is inevitable, we must think of ways to reduce the pressure on nature by cities and improve economic and social indicators in cities. Urban agriculture will play an effective role in establishing a logical relationship between urban needs and improving the economic situation. In this research, the study of the role of urban agriculture from an economic point of view, especially in the field of food supply and export ability has been emphasized. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on collecting survey data (field). The main research tool is a questionnaire. Its validity was confirmed by elites and its reliability was confirmed by completing 30 questionnaires through Cronbach's alpha at a level greater than 0.70. The study population was 264,375 citizens living in Neishabour. The sample size was determined by Cochran's formula equal to 384 people. The results showed that urban agriculture is significant in food supply and export ability at a level of less than 0.05. The city's agriculture can be effective in improving the export of organic products, fruits and vegetables, exports of ornamental and medicinal plants, branding of products, as well as in supplying fresh vegetables, providing healthy food, improving the quality of nutrition and protein. Urban agriculture has a significant level of less than 0.05 in urban development indicators such as improving the urban environment, improving employment, improving citizens' incomes, creating attractive urban spaces, rainwater consumption, etc. From the people's point of view, it is possible to cultivate crops such as peaches, Damask rose, poultry breeding, etc., according to the available spaces. The study of the role of urban agriculture through structural equations shows that the total effect is 0.81 and in total urban agriculture can explain about 56% of the variance of role-playing and two variables of meeting food needs and export ability
Creating Women Concept-Characters in P. Zagrebelny’s Fictional Discourse
Get PDFThe article focuses on the verbalisation of the concept woman in P. Zagrebelnyi’s fictional discourse. The artist is analysed, on the one side, as a linguistic personality with his features of psyche, as a representative of a language group, and on the other side, as a creative personality that uniquely represents himself in fictional discourse, creative dimensions with his features of communicative behaviour. The analysis of the concept is performed regarding the achievements of psycholinguistics, gender linguistics, lingua-cultural studies, pragmatically-oriented communicative linguistics, on the basis of anthropocentric and discoursecentric paradigms, that made it possible to identify senses in the structure of the concept and clarify the mechanism of their occurrence. Attention is paid to the writer’s fictional discourse, which is analysed with regard to principles of discourse-analysis. Therefore, extralingual factors that gave rise to certain lexemes representing the concept are crucial for the research. As a result of the study, groups of lexemes that constitute the concept and denote animals, birds, natural phenomena, pieces of land were revealed. Nouns that constitute a layer of military vocabulary and name psychological states and contain negative connotations were identified. Features characteristic of women representatives of Ukrainian culture are compared and contrasted with the descriptions of women representatives of other cultures. The language units, evoked by the mentality and mental outlook of Ukrainians, were analysed
Impacto Psicológico del aislamiento social en estudiantes de una Universidad Pública de Lima
Get PDFThe Covid-19 pandemic is generating a great psychological impact on university students and the general population, with the family being an important social support element. The objective of this study was to characterize the psychological impact of social isolation in students of a Public University in Lima. The study employed anon-probabilistic sample of 3,960 students, between 16 and 40 years old, where 40.2%were men and 59.8% women. The Scales of Positive and Negative Emotions (PANAS) and Family Functionality-APGAR were applied. The results indicate that the psychological impact was reflected through positive emotions (alert, interested and attentive) and negative emotions (scared, upset and uneasy). It was also found that the family functioning in the context of confinement reflected that the evaluated shared the problems of the house, as well as spending time in the family. Finally, the correlation of family functioning with negative emotions was r= -.279 and with positive emotions was r= .321. It is concluded that university students have experienced emotions as a result of social isolation, in which having the f68mily as support is an important factor in situations of psychological impact, having to strengthen the orientation and regulation for negative emotions and pay attention to develop positive emotions.La pandemia del Covid-19 está generando un gran impacto psicológico en universitarios y la población general siendo la familia un elemento de soporte social importante. El objetivo del este estudio fue caracterizar el impacto psicológico del aislamiento social en estudiantes de una Universidad Pública de Lima. El estudio empleo una muestra no probabilística de 3, 960 estudiantes, entre 16 a 40 años, donde el 40, 2% eran hombres y 59, 8% mujeres. Se aplicó las Escalas de Emociones Positivas y Negativas (PANAS) y de Funcionalidad Familiar-APGAR. Los resultados indican que el impacto psicológico se vio reflejado a través de emociones positivas (alerta, interesado y atento) y emociones negativas (asustado, molesto e intranquilo). Asimismo, se obtuvo que el funcionamiento familiar en contexto de confinamiento reflejo que los evaluados compartían los problemas de la casa, como también, pasaban tiempo en familia. Finalmente, la correlación del funcionamiento familiar con emociones negativas fue r= -.279 y con emociones positivas fue r= .321. Se concluye que los universitarios han vivenciado emociones a raíz del aislamiento social, en la que tener como soporte a la familia es un factor importante ante situaciones de impacto psicológico, debiendo fortalecer la orientación y la regulación para las emociones negativas y prestar atención a desarrollar las emociones positivas
Satisfacción laboral y síndrome de Burnout en docentes durante el confinamiento por la pandemia COVID-19
Get PDFThe work overload that teachers present in the current context is a risky situation, since it can generate prolonged states of stress causing a burnout syndrome and affecting their job satisfaction. The objective was to determine the significant relationship between job satisfaction and the components of burnout syndrome during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study had a cross-sectional correlational design. 205 teachers participated, who answered the Job Satisfaction Scale for Teachers (ESLA-Education) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The results indicate a statistically significant inverse correlation between job satisfaction and the components of burnout syndrome: emotional exhaustion (rho =-.315; p = .000), depersonalization (rho =-.252; p = .000) and achievement personal (rho =-.254; p = .000). It is concluded that teachers who present high emotional fatigue, loss of sensitivity and empathy, deterioration of their abilities and a feeling of failure show job dissatisfaction. Therefore, it is necessary to have protective factors to prevent emotional distress for teachers.La sobrecarga laboral que presentan los docentes en el contexto actual es una situación de riesgo, ya que puede generar estados prolongados de estrés provocando un síndrome de burnout y afectando su satisfacción laboral. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la relación significativa entre la satisfacción laboral y los componentes del síndrome de burnout durante el encierro por la pandemia de COVID-19. El estudio tuvo un diseño correlacional transversal. Participaron 205 docentes, quienes respondieron la Escala de Satisfacción Laboral para Docentes (ESLA-Educación) y el Inventario de Burnout Maslach (MBI). Los resultados indican una correlación inversa estadísticamente significativa entre la satisfacción laboral y los componentes del síndrome de burnout: agotamiento emocional (rho = -.315; p = .000), despersonalización (rho = -.252; p = .000) y realización personal (rho = -.254; p = .000). Se concluye que los docentes que presentan elevado cansancio emocional, pérdida de sensibilidad y empatía, deterioro de sus capacidades y sentimiento de fracaso muestran a su vez insatisfacción laboral. Por lo tanto, es necesario contar con factores de protección para prevenir la angustia emocional de los profesores