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Alumni Journal - Volume 94, Number 2
Full text linkEditorials2 | From the Editor4 | From the President6 | From the Dean
News8 | School of Medicine News10 | Alumni News12 | This & That13 | Students14 | AIMS Report: Impacting Lives16 | Department Report: Surgery
Graduation 202321 | Graduation Feature
Features38 | By the Graduates: Reflections and stories form graduates44 | Honoring Two Epochal Leaders46 | I Died Four Times50 | Alumni Association: A Power for Good54 | Alumni Spotlight: Get to know56 | Life After Medicine
In Memoriam57 | Alumni Remembered: Featured obituaries - Robert D. Mitchell \u2747, Lloyd A. Dayes \u2759https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/sm-alumni-journal/1039/thumbnail.jp
Comparison of Thickness Between Thermoformed and Printed Orthodontic Aligners
Full text linkIntroduction: The fabrication of thermoformed orthodontic aligners involves processes that irreversibly alter material properties, resulting in aligners that exhibit high variation in thickness. The non-uniform thickness can lead to unpredictable forces that can adversely affect orthodontic tooth movement. With recent technological advancements enabling the printing of orthodontic aligners, it is of clinical interest to investigate their variation of thickness.
Purpose: This study utilized Micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT) and Geomagic Control X metrology software to compare the thickness of thermoformed and direct printed aligners.
Materials and Methods: Intraoral scans of 13 orthodontic patients were used to generate standard tessellation language (STL) files using a TRIOS intraoral scanner. One set of maxillary and mandibular thermoformed aligners using a 1.016 mm thick PET-G plastic, and one set of direct printed aligners, digitally designed to be 1.016 mm thick, were manufactured by Orchestrate 3D and Park Dental Research Group. The fabricated aligners were then scanned by a RayScan Micro-CT machine, and the resultant STL files were imported into Geomagic Control X software. The aligners were digitally superimposed, and the thicknesses was measured at 27 landmarks on the buccal, lingual, and occlusal surfaces of the central incisors, left canine, left first premolar, and left first molar. Wilcoxon paired sample T-tests were then used to compare the thicknesses of the thermoformed and direct printed aligners. All statistical analyses were conducted at α = 0.05.
Results: A total of 26 thermoformed and 26 direct printed aligners were included in the analysis. Compared to the intended 1.016 mm aligner thickness, the direct printed aligners exhibited a mean thickness of 1.10 mm, which was more accurate than the thermoformed aligners with a mean thickness of 0.540 mm (p-value \u3c 0.001). The difference in thickness between the direct printed aligners and thermoformed aligners was statistically significant when analyzed by arch, site, and tooth (p \u3c 0.001).
Conclusions: There is a statistically significant difference in the thickness of printed and thermoformed aligners. Printed aligners are the “gold standard” for aligners as they more closely match their designed thickness
Seventy Years of Commitment to Dental Progress
Full text linkSeventy years of dental progress at Loma Linda University, School of Dentistry, 1953-2023.
3 | Dedication to Dr. Melvin Lund4 | Introduction6 | Reducing Pain and Anxiety9 | What is Dental Caries?10 | Restoring Teeth - Innovative Methods & Materials12 | Replacing Missing Teeth - Dental Implants14 | Periodontics - The Loma Linda Group15 | Orthodontics - Innovative Use of Computer Tomography16 | Biocentric Cements - A Major Endodontic Innovation17 | Advances in Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery17 | The Role of Pediatric Dentistry in Orofacial Clefts18 | Progress in LLUSD Dental Research20 | Conclusion21 | Participating Authors21 | Selected Referenceshttps://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/articulator/1022/thumbnail.jp
Depression as a Mediator between Combat Deployment and Substance Use among Veterans
Full text linkIndividuals who deploy to combat zones often develop increased rates of substance use problems, which may be due to self-medication for depressive symptoms. This study used logistic simple mediation analyses with bootstrapping to test whether depression mediates the relationship between combat zone experience and substance dependence or abuse (alcohol, nicotine, marijuana, opioids, other illicit drugs, and concurrent substance misuse) among military veterans via secondary data analysis of the 2013 to 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH; N = 14,121; 87.9% male; 54.4% age 50+; 75.2% white; 34.5% with combat zone experience). Analysis revealed that depression was only a significant mediator of the relationship between combat zone experience and alcohol dependence or abuse (OR = 1.020, 95% CI [1.002, 1.054], p \u3c .05). Among the individual effects tested, the effect of combat zone experience on depression was only significant for alcohol (b = .167, 95% CI [.008, .326], p \u3c .05), the effect of depression on substance dependence or abuse was significant for all substance categories except marijuana (ORs = 1.125 to 1.473, ps \u3c .05), and the direct effect of combat zone experience on all substance dependence or abuse categories was not significant, ps \u3e .05. Clinicians may consider screening for depression in all veterans, as well as screening for and emphasizing substance use prevention measures in those showing signs of depression. Our results also suggest the importance of combining treatments for depression and alcohol to improve treatment outcomes among veterans, regardless of combat zone experience
Alumni Journal - Volume 94, Number 1
Full text linkEditorials2 | From the Editor4 | From the President6 | From the Dean
News7 | This and That10 | Alumni News12 | Student News14 | School of Medicine News16 | AIMS Report18 | Department Report: Radiation Medicine
APC 202320 | APC 2023 in Review
Features34 | Alumni Association Celebrates 100 Years of Service40 | Steps to Effective Spiritual Care44 | Why I Pray With Patients46 | Alumni Spotlight47 | Life After Medicine
In Memoriam48 | Alumni Remembered Featured Obituaries: James M. Phang \u2763, William H. McGhee \u2772, Benjamin H. Lau \u2780-A, Laura D. Nist \u2795https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/sm-alumni-journal/1038/thumbnail.jp
Project SOARing: Feasibility of a Tier 2 DBT-Based Program
Full text linkAdolescents living in poverty are more likely to experience intense and/or multiple stressors during childhood (Evans & Kim, 2012). These increases in stress levels can lead to patterns of pervasive emotion dysregulation which, in turn, can affect academic achievement (Ivcevic & Brackett, 2014). Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is a promising intervention that can target emotion dysregulation and other symptomatology in adolescents (Miller et al., 2006). Although DBT has gained traction in the treatment of adolescent suicide and self-harm (Glenn et al., 2019), it has yet to be tested as an early intervention in a school-based setting (Fasulo et al., 2015; MacPherson et al., 2012). The purpose of this study is to examine the preliminary feasibility of a tier 2 DBT skills group intervention for adolescents in a school-based context. It was anticipated that adolescents receiving the DBT-based intervention would experience an overall positive opinion of group sessions for each session. We used post-session survey evaluation forms to track youth feedback about the intervention. We also hypothesized that the DBT-based intervention would have a positive impact on youth, measured by reduced scores on the Youth Outcomes Questionnaire – Self Report (YOQ-SR). Group sessions were rated positively overall (M = 3.28 out of 4) and preliminary effectiveness yielded a drop in scores but was nonsignificant. Project SOARing revealed promising, preliminary results that warrant further investigation
Commencement Program 2023
Full text linkCONTENTS
1 | Message from the President
3 | 2023 Events of Commencement
5 | The Academic Procession
6 | Institutional Administration
7 | Board of Trustees
8 | Significance of Academic Regalia
9 | University History Highlights
11 | Criteria for Institutional Awards
13 | Loma Linda University Health and Loma Linda University Honorees
25 | The Program, The School Honorees, and The Speakers School of Medicine, 26 School of Pharmacy, 52 School of Dentistry, 69 School of Public Health, 93 San Manuel Gateway College, 108 School of Allied Health Professions—Allied Health Studies, Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Clinical Laboratory Science, Communication Sciences and Disorders, Health Informatics and Information Management, Nutrition and Dietetics, Physician Assistant, Radiation Technology, 121 School of Allied Health Professions—Orthotics and Prosthetics, Occupational Therapy, Physical Therapy, 151 School of Behavioral Health and School of Religion, 175 School of Nursing I (Graduates having finished in the following quarters: Summer 2022, Autumn 2022, and Winter 2023), 194 School of Nursing II (Spring Quarter 2023 Graduates), 196https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/commencement-programs/1080/thumbnail.jp
Alumni Journal - Volume 94, Number 3
Full text linkEditorials
2 | From the Editor4 | From the President6 | From the Dean
News
8 | Alumni News10 | This & That12 | APC 2024 Preview14 | School of Medicine News16 | Students18 | AIMS Report: BARAKA: Hope and Healing for Sudanese Refugees20 | Department Report: Pathology & Human Anatomy
Features
14 | Women in Medicine: Stories of Experience, Contributions, and Accomplishments26 | Women in Medicine: A Conversation32 | Early Hightory of Women in Medicine at LLU34 | One Doctor\u27s Story of Teaching and Healing in Angola38 | Alumni Trips 2023: Featuring the Galápagos Cruise42 | Alumni Gatherings 202344 | Historical Snapshot46 | Alumni Spotlight Featuring Julie A. Abbott League \u2776-A48 | Life After Medicine
In Memoriam
50 | Alumni Remembered Featured Obituary: Jeffrey D. Cao \u2771https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/sm-alumni-journal/1040/thumbnail.jp
The Role of the Novel Diguanylate Cyclase PG_0686 in Oxidative Stress Resistance in Porphyromonas gingivalis W83
Full text linkThe survival/ adaptation of Porphyromonas gingivalis to the inflammatory environment of the periodontal pocket requires an ability to overcome oxidative stress. Several functional classes of genes, depending on the severity and duration of the exposure, were induced in P. gingivalis under H2O2-induced oxidative stress, including the PG0686 gene which was upregulated ca. 10-fold. In addition, its upregulation was also observed in the presence of oxygen and nitric oxide. This study is aimed to further characterize the function of this gene in response to H2O2. PG_0686, annotated as a hypothetical protein of unknown function, is a 60 kDa protein with a diguanylate cyclase (DGC)-like fold and carries other domains including hemerythrin, a PAS10 domain, and Domain of Unknown Function (DUF)-1858. PG_0686 is missing the classical active site conserved sequence motif (GGD(/E)EF) commonly observed in the DGC of other bacteria. PG_0686-related proteins are observed in other anaerobic bacterial species. The isogenic mutant P. gingivalis FLL361 (ΔPG0686::ermF) showed increased sensitivity to H2O2 and decreased gingipain activity compared to the parent strain. Transcriptome analysis of P. gingivalis FLL361 showed the dysregulation of several gene clusters/operons, known oxidative stress resistance genes and transcriptional regulators including PG_2212, CdhR and PG_1181 that were upregulated under normal anaerobic conditions. The purified recombinant PG_0686 protein can catalyze c-di-GMP formation from GTP. The intracellular level of c-di-GMP in P. gingivalis FLL361 was significantly decreased compared to the parent strain. Collectively, our data suggest a global regulatory property for PG_0686 that may be part of an unconventional second messenger signaling system in P. gingivalis. Moreover, it may coordinately regulate a pathway(s) vital for protection against environmental stress and is significant in the pathogenicity of the P. gingivalis, and likely other anaerobes
Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Alzheimer’s Disease Patients
Full text linkAlzheimer’s Disease (AD) research often focuses on the pharmacological treatment and neurological basis of the disease. However, in the absence of disease-modifying treatments, interventions that target symptom reduction may improve quality of life and delay institutionalization. Given the limitations and risks associated with pharmacological AD treatments, this paper reviews non-pharmacological interventions to improve memory function and reduce symptoms of depression in patients with AD including music therapies, Cognitive Rehabilitation, and Bright Light Therapy