Binus University Repository

Iskandar, Karto

Lumban Gaol, Ford

Soewito, M.Sc., Ph.D, Benfano

Spits Warnars, Harco Leslie Hendric

Kosala, Raymondus

English

Software size measurement of knowledge management portal with use case point

Prayoga, Tommy

Abraham, Juneman

Technopsychology of IoT Optimization in the Business World

Fathhan Arief, Mohamad

Gaol, Ford L.

Form Reviewer "Developing And Evaluating Prototype Of Waste Volume Monitoring Using Internet Of Things"

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case for online admission system", IOP
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Engineering, 2018
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simula.no
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Rhio Sutoyo, Harco Leslie Hendric Spits
Warnars, Ford Lumban Gaol, Edi
Abdurachman, Benfano Soewito.
"Measurement of QuestDone mobile
application using 7 steps use case points
method", 2017 IEEE International Conference
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Karto Iskandar. "Knowledge Management
System usage evaluation with logging and
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case point as software size measurement with
study case of Academic Information System",
2017 IEEE International Conference on
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(CyberneticsCom), 2017
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Karto Iskandar, Noprianto, Bahtiar Saleh
Abbas, Benfano Soewito, Raymondus Kosala.
"Two-Way ANOVA with interaction approach to
compare content creation speed performance
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(KICSS), 2016
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V Suresh Kumar, R V Raghavendra Rao.
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conference on - C3S2E 08 C3S2E 08, 2008
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Arianto, Rakhmat

Abdurachman, Edi

Heryadi, Yaya

Warnars, Harco Leslie Hendric Spits

Soewito, Benfano

Sanchez, Horacio Emilio Perez

Quality Measurement of Android Messaging Application Based on User Experience in Microblog

Yunus, Ulani

Form Reviewer "Symbols of Cross-cultural Communication in Kasepuhan Palace Indonesia"

Fajar, Ahmad Nurul

2017 5th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM) ,doi:10.1109/CITSM.2017.8089308 
 
Conceptual Approach for Gathering SPL Requirement from  
Goal Model  
 
Imam Marzuki Shofi 
Informatics Engineering Department 
UIN Syarif Hidayatullah 
Jakarta, Indonesia 
imam@uinjkt.ac.id 
Ahmad Nurul Fajar 
Master in Information Systems Management 
Bina Nusantara University 
Jakarta, Indonesia 
afajar@binus.edu
 
 
Abstract— The condition in difficulty for capture software 
product line (SPL) requirement in e-government system is critical in 
the government domain. It cause of the multiple business processes 
are highly dynamic and at even during execution require changes are 
needed. In order to response it, the mechanism and systematic 
approach for capture software requirement, called conceptual 
approach is needed. Besides that, the specificity in capture software 
requirement in Software Product Line (SPL) paradigm is urgent and 
needed to accommodate this situation. In this study, we proposed the 
conceptual approach to construct SPL Requirement from Goal 
Model. We choose document regulations that related in budgeting 
and finance. The results are the conceptual approach for gathering 
SPL requirement from goal especially in E-Government system. It 
supported with Goal Model and BPM (Business Process Modeling) 
Approach. The SPL Requirement will be a baseline for develop SPL 
Design. 
Keywords— : SPL, Goal Model, BPM, Requirement 
I.  INTRODUCTION  
The benefit to accommodating software features diversity in 
similar domain  is to construct Software Product Line (SPL). 
The impact of multiple developer construct the software 
product line is sharing similar software features. However, the 
mechanism to gathering SPL requirement is not easy. The fact 
said, the failure of it could make wasted resources and 
shortened software life time. Besides that, in the government 
system, there are multiple domain and environment which has  
the complexity of business processes and e-government 
applications also. The ability to respond this situation is by 
developing of SPL to accommodate flexibility software. 
However, in order to achieved the excellent SPL, we should 
aware and focus  to construct SPL requirement. According to 
it, the phenomenon of goal model and business process model 
is rapid significantly. Its purposes is to achieved and control 
the quality of software that has developed. Goal model can 
facilitating system analyst to explore the detail requirement 
before construct the software. Related to goal model, it is 
challenge to using it, before develop SPL. Goal model can 
describe the reason also and not only what is the system think. 
Besides that, the  variations of  business processes are the 
fundamental challenge for  business processes reusable. 
Business processes which has reusable, are can be used by 
developers to construct part of software component. In order 
to achieved business process reusable, we can do business 
process modelling concept. Business process modelling is a 
technique for describe the activity of situations, many goal in 
organization  and also drawing the activity [1].It can described  
in phase of business processes analysis. BPM can represent 
the actor, goal, objective, and processes. Besides that, in order 
to support organization, It can representing them to 
information structures integrated systems [1]. In order to 
support the modelling of business processes, we can use 
Business Processes Modelling Language (BPML).It can be 
related to business process requirements that provides 
appropriate syntax and semantics [2]. BPML described the 
activity or mapping business processes using UML 2.0 
Activity Diagram  [2]. It is designed for modelling business 
process and flows in software systems. Furthermore, it can 
provide a high-level means of modelling dynamic system 
behaviour. There are various approach methodology and 
modelling in software requirement analysis, such as data 
oriented, process oriented, object oriented organization 
oriented and goal oriented. According to  [3], in requirement 
engineering, goal and actor oriented are more have new 
challenging from traditional and procedural oriented. Besides 
that, according to [3], the government goal is doing the list of 
activity which is based on document regulations, either central 
government or local government. It makes government agency 
has the document regulation, and these  documents will be a 
foundation to develop e-government applications. Goal model 
can be used to modelling the behaviour of the system before 
implementation phase in SPL construction. However, there is 
a challenge to eliminate failure while identifying software 
features to gathering software product line requirement. 
Software product line able to handle the diversity of  software 
features in similar domain and multiple applications. 
 
II. LITTERATURE FOUNDATION 
According to [4], definition of requirement engineering for 
system development is the process for exploitation, gathering, 
collecting and identifying user needs. It  means  a process for 
capturing and identifying user needs, goal of system, and 
documenting in a template or form [4]. Regard of it, there are 
two approach such as  traditional approach and goal oriented 
approach. The different between goal approach and traditional 
2017 5th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM) ,doi:10.1109/CITSM.2017.8089308 
 
approach is goal approach used for development of software 
which has characteristic in much complexity. It  is because 
goal approach has a characteristics for having goal orientation 
in actor.  Software Product Line (SPL) is a software product 
that constructed from SPLE approach [5]. It can facilitate the 
diversity of software feature from many of software 
developers [5]. Goal Oriented Requirement Engineering 
(GORE) has orientation of goal and actor that has increased 
dramatically in popularity[6]. The most traditional approaches 
has characteristic for modeling requirement in the form of 
low-level in the data, operation, and other that are more many 
understood by other internal programmers & developers. 
However, while they tend to focus with the modeling like that, 
Goal model in GORE is also equipped in the  its high-level 
side [7]. Besides that, relate to the classification of GORE 
method, there are two level and has different concern of the 
classification. The focus of strategic are called high, and the 
focus of technical are called low.  The table 1 below describe 
the classfication of  gore method 
 
Table 1. Classfication of Gore Method 
 
 
 
The Goal  Model example is described in figure 1 below. 
Figure 1 below is relate how to create goal model from 
document regulations in the case of E-government application, 
that called Laksana Information System (LAKIS) [4]. Figure 1 
below described the three dimension of Goal Model, such as 
what, why, and how. It is derived from document regulations 
in budgeting domain. 
 
 
Figure 1. Goal Model of Laksana [4] 
 
According to figure 1 above, it shows the example of goal 
model from LAKIS application in Ministry of Information and 
communication at Indonesia government. The purpose of the 
applications are used to accommodating business processes of 
planning, monitoring, realization, and controlling of budgeting 
mechanism also. The users are consists of three level, such as 
operational level, managerial level, and strategic level.  that,  
the whole activities in budgeting domain are supporting by its 
application. 
 
 
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 
As we know, the SPLE Paradigm can be used to enhance 
flexibility of software. It is because of the objective is to 
produce mass software customization in similar domain area. 
Besides that, It has  capability for identifying, design, and 
exploration in software features of commonalities among 
related products [9]. It can be said that the commonalities 
characteristic are used to create a product platform. 
Meanwhile, it also can be used as a common baseline for all 
products within a product family [9]. In order to explore the 
SPLE Paradigm, ,there are two part of SPLE : (1).domain 
engineering, and (2). application engineering. Regard of it, we 
can construct a robust platform  and also specific user 
applications when we use SPLE Paradigm [9]. There are five 
aspects which we should be prepare while using SPLE 
paradigm, such as technical, financial, organizational, process 
and market considerations [9]. On the other hand, the benefit 
is we will be able to manage maintenance software reuse, 
while  SPLE  compare to traditional reuse [9]. In the case of 
Indonesian Government, it has similarity, intersection, and 
specific characteristic in document regulations, business 
processes, and applications also. It will influence happened  
2017 5th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM) ,doi:10.1109/CITSM.2017.8089308 
 
for commonality and variability in software features at e-
government applications [8]. In order to minimize the 
inconsistency meanings about government environment, we 
defined the definition of government environment. The 
definition is described in figure 2 below : 
 
Figure 2. Government Environment Definition 
 
According to figure 2 above, we make four definition for 
government environment , such as Org, AF, PB, WS. The 
meaning of each component are  Org is organization, AF is 
Area Functional, PB is Business Process, and WS is Work 
system.  Furthermore, we proposed the conceptual approach 
for gathering SPL requirement which is consists of four 
stages, and the results will be a baseline for SPL design. The 
conceptual approach  stages are begin from government 
documents, it means document regulations collection. Then, 
the next stage is create goal model which is derived from 
government regulations documents which has choose . After 
that, we analysing  goal model to doing the next stage for 
create activity diagram from goal model. The last stage is 
construct SPL requirement from activity diagram using the 
mapping mechanism based on functionality. However, the 
conceptual approach in figure 3 below is high level stages. In 
order to achieved the implemented guidance, we proposed in 
each stage has multiple and many of  specific procedures. In 
order to build SPL design which has agility characteristics 
before doing development of SPL Product, we  need SPL 
requirement to make sure the needed and compliance of user 
requirement.      
 
Figure 3. Conceptual Mechanism for gathering SPL 
Requirement 
According to figure 3 above, the mechanism for gathering 
SPL Requirement that has GORE approach is concern about 
what the needs to discover, on what problem what should be 
solved, why such a problem needs to be solved, and who 
should be involved in the responsibility of solving that 
problems [10]. Today, GORE  approach  has increased for 
system development. It is because of the having orientation of  
Goal and Actor recently has the popularity.  
According to [10], Goal is a condition in the world that the 
stakeholders would like to achieve. Relate to the concepts of 
goal, the goal type is based on functional requirement and 
non-functional. In SPL Requirement. We use  three types of 
goal, such as achievement, soft, and maintenance goal for our 
proposed mechanism in figure 3 above. We proposed the 
process of gathering software product line (SPL) requirement 
using goal model approach. It needs procedure for extract 
document regulation to goal model and also extract goal 
model to activity diagram. After that, we  make procedure to 
described and mapping activity diagram to SPL requirement. 
Besides that, Government document policies describe the 
thematic, rules and the objectives. It  consists of dependency 
and independent of rules. The documents also consists of 
constraints among the level in the hierarchy government 
policies. There are M…N   relation between theme, rules and 
objective. Based on theme and objective, it will representation 
rules. Figure 4 below describe the document structure: 
 class Domain Objects
Subject for RolePredicate for 
Activ ity
Rules
Theme and Objectiv e
Object
 
Figure 4. Documents structure 
Furthermore, Business Process Model or BPM has role and 
activity as usually. We proposed the relation between BPM 
and Goal model for make SPL requirement and design. The 
relation between goal model and BPM is used to achieve the 
requirement. The procedure to determine the Role give 
activity and define activity is described in figure 4 below: 
2017 5th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM) ,doi:10.1109/CITSM.2017.8089308 
 
 
Figure 5. Procedure to determine the Role give activity 
and define activity 
 
According to figure 5 above, the purpose of the procedure is to 
identifying the role, activity, and the relation between role and 
activity. It will be a foundation to drawing the business 
processes activity using activity diagram. Indonesian 
government system has the rules and policies central and local 
government are related each other. Figure 5 below represent 
the Indonesian government environment. Indonesian ministry 
and council using central government policy when doing their 
activity, and It has several level rules and policies. Local 
governments divide of district and agency. The impact of  it, 
there is a phenomenon in commonality and variability of rules 
and policies among local governments. Besides that, central 
and local government has commonality and variability policy 
in district and region. In order to accommodate this situation, 
the document regulation could be convert to business process 
model (BPM). It is purpose to represent the business processes 
and activity in the environment context. We suggest, there are 
many application could be derived from BPM. Besides that, 
the application consists of many software features. The central 
and local government can use the common application and 
common software features, but also using the specific 
application and specific software features. From document 
policies that relate to a theme, the applications is derived from 
BPM. There are 11 applications : payment, budgeting, cash 
management, accounting, income management, finance 
management, asset management, tax and retribution, legal and 
registration, procurement, and investment. The applications 
used by many unit organization in the government. Several 
functionality of application are common and integrated. There 
are application integration based on functionality : 
 
1)    Payment integrated with budgeting,cash 
management and accounting 
2)    Budgeting integrated with payment,cash 
management,asset management and accounting 
3)    Cash management integrated with payment, 
budgeting, income management, finance 
management and accounting 
4)    Accounting integrated with cash 
management,payment and budgeting 
5)    Income management integrated wih cash 
management and tax&retribution 
6)    Finance management integrated with cash 
management 
7)    Asset management integrated with budgeting and 
procurement 
8)    Tax and retribution integrated with income 
management and legal&registration 
9)    Legal and registration integrated with investment 
and tax and retribution 
10) Investment integrated with legal and registration 
11) Procurement integrated with asset management 
  
 
The application could be classified based on : 
a) User : organization 
b) Type of services : front office or back office 
c) Object services : G2G, G2B, G2C 
d) Major functionality 
 
Figure 5 below describe the applications and integration of 
application  : 
 
 
  
                Figure 5. Application and Integration application 
 
IV. CONCLUSION 
Software Product Line Requirement is a baseline before 
development of SPL Design. It is a challenge to create the 
conceptual mechanism for guidance user to use it. These 
mechanism is using Goal model and BPM approach, and it is 
using for the government case. The characteristic of the 
government is should have commonality and variability 
software features. These mechanism flow are begin from 
government documents, it means document regulations. Then, 
create goal model which is derived from government 
regulations documents. The next stage is create activity 
diagram from goal model. The last stage is construct SPL 
requirement from activity diagram. However, in these stages, 
in each stage has multiple and many of  specific procedures 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2017 5th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM) ,doi:10.1109/CITSM.2017.8089308 
 
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Conceptual Approach for Gathering SPL Requirement from Goal Model

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