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Shariah analysis of temporary waqf vis-à-vis hibah umra and ruqba
No full textThe paper intends to make a shari’ah analysis on temporary waqf vis-à-vis hibah umra and ruqba.
Unlike the majority, Maliki School allows making a temporary waqf subject to a defined period of time. Umra
and ruqba are the two forms of hibah in which donation is made conditional with demise of the donor and
survival of the beneficiary. They are valid in shari’ah provided that the donation shall not be back to the donor
in any case. This is a library based study and it has been accomplished through investigation and analysis of the
relevant documents and literatures. The paper posits that umra and ruqba donations can be integrated into the
temporary waqf because all of them are conditional in nature. It concludes that temporary waqf differs from
hibah umra and ruqba as the endowment can be back to the donor after expiry of the duration or demise of the
beneficiary while umra and ruqba donations cannot be back to the donor after demise of the beneficiary. They
shall go to the inheritor(s) of the beneficiary instead
Kedudukan ahl al-bayt dalam diwan al-shafi’i
No full textDiwan al-Shafi'i adalah himpunan antologi puisi Imam al-Shafi'i r.h.m (150 H 204 H) yang sarat dengan pelbagai tema dan persoalan. Ia mengandungi lebih kurang 150 teks puisi ungkapan dengan pelbagai isu dan pemikiran yang diketengahkan oleh beliau. Kertas kerja ini membincangkan beberapa teks puisi Imam al-Shafi'i r.h.m. yang menyentuh tentang kedudukan Ahli al-Bayt di mana kupasan yang dilakukan adalah berkaitan komitmen dan pendirian Imam al-Shafi'i terhadap Ahli al-Bayt serta sanggahan-sanggahan terhadap fitnah yang dilontarkan kepada Ahli Bayt. Teks-teks ini perlu diperbahaskan serta diperhalusi bagi mengetahui pendirian Imam al-Shafi'i r.h.m. berkaitan isu Ahli al-Bayt yang sering dikaitkan dengan elemen-elemen Syiah. Beberapa ungkapan puisi yang diutarakan dilihat cenderung mengagungkan Ahli al-Bayt dan analisis kandungan dilakukan bagi menghuraikan isu ini dengan lebih terperinci. Hasil kajian mendapati ungkapan ungkapan puisi berkaitan kedudukan Ahli al-Bayt menunjukkan penghormatan Imam al-Shafi'i yang sangat tinggi terhadap Ahli al-Bayt dan ia tidak mengandungi unsur-unsur yang mendokong Syiah walaupun terdapat dakwaan tersebut terhadap Imam al-Shafi'i
Songket: the linkage between heritage and tourism in Malaysia
No full textMalaysia is well known for its diversity of cultures and rich heritage. Songket weaving is one
of the old crafts that remain popular to this day. Songket is a fabric traditionally woven using
silk or cotton, with metallic thread weaved in to form songket motifs. In other words, this
means thread is removed or pulled from the back of the weaved cloth using gold or silver
thread. The Songket is synonymous with the Malay community, and in Terengganu, making
songket is a legacy from the past that is still widely practiced. Interestingly, the songket has
also become one of the many symbols used for tourism-related products, representing multiracial Malaysia in the eyes of the world. This can also be seen in buildings around Malaysia
that display the songket motifs. This unique cloth is usually worn as formal wear, such as
wedding dresses, costumes for traditional dancers, and robes used in convocation
ceremonies. Until today, there are still many songket weavers that produce quality songket
as required by nobles, dignitaries, and ministers for use at special ceremonies. This paper aims to identify how far the songket has evolved to become a tourism product in Terengganu
and whether this legacy continues among the younger generation. This study uses
qualitative methods of face-to-face interviews as well as analysis of secondary data. The
results of this study show that the songket draws tourists to Terengganu, and at the same is
a source of income for entrepreneurs
Classification and change detection of Sabah mangrove forest using decision-tree learning technique
No full textThe objective of this study is to determine the potential of decision tree-learning technique to classify and detects the changes of the Sabah mangrove forest area. The study area was conducted in the Mengkabong mangrove forest which is located on the west coast of Sabah. The multi-temporal of Landsat series (TM, ETM+, and OLI-TIRS) with five years interval data from 1990 and 2013 were used in this study. The results show that the use of decision-tree learning technique integrated with multi-temporal Landsat series and GIS data can be effective in delineating spatial and temporal change of the Sabah mangrove forest. The selection of suitable attributes from spectral features of Landsat data, topographic data and GIS database has promoted the high accuracy of the mangrove classification result with 90.8%. 40 hectares of Mengkabong mangrove were reduced from 1990 to 2013 and the fragmentation was obvious. In conclusion, the decision-tree learning technique was successfully classified and detects the changes of mangrove forest in the Mengkabong area
Representation of Islam in social media discourse produced by an apostate
No full textThis paper examines the postings on Facebook Timeline which belongs to a female Muslim apostate.
The main aim is to explore her views towards the religion in order to understand the reasons behind
her apostasy. The Facebook Timeline was observed for two years (January 2016 to December 2017).
More than 4,000 postings were made in the period of data collection. The thematic analysis of the
postings reveals that Islam is perceived as discriminative, coercive, and imaginary. These negative
views of Islam may be one of the contributing factors to her apostasy and the sharing of the views on
the Timeline can be seen as an attempt to promote her ideology. In engaging readers with the
postings, the apostate mainly used imagery, rhetorical questions, constructed dialogues and loaded
words. This paper is novel in the sense that it puts forth the views of an apostate which is very scarce
in the current literature. It is also methodologically innovative as it uses social media postings as a
tool to explore the apostate's views of religion. This paper concludes that the Facebook Timeline has
been strategically used by the apostate to promote her ideologies and beliefs
Identification of gene expression signatures in human leukemia cell lines using Nanostring gene expression profiling platform
No full textBackground
Gene expression profiles have been examined extensively in diseases including hematological malignancies. Although the diagnostic tests that
sub classified leukemia have been improved, leukemia patients occasionally exhibit different responses to treatment. In order to find more
precise molecular markers, we performed differential gene expression
profiling in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic myeloid
leukemia (CML) cell lines (HL60 and K562, respectively) using Nanostring
nCounter® MAX Analysis System (Nanostring Technologies, Seattle, WA).
Materials and methods
Total RNA was extracted from HL60 and K562 cell lines using innuPREP RNA mini kit (AJ Innuscreen GmbH, Germany) according to the
manufacturer’s instructions. The RNA quality was assessed on the
2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies, Palo Alto, CA) and the concentration was determined with a Nanodrop spectrophotometer
(ND-1000, Thermo Scientific, Wilmington, MA, USA). We performed gene expression profiling of 230 human cancer-related genes with
six internal reference genes using nCounter GX Human Cancer Reference Kit (NanoString Technologies). A total of 100 ng of RNA for each
sample was prepared as per the manufacturer’s instructions under
the high sensitivity protocol. Normalization and subsequent data processing were performed by using the nSolverTM Analysis Software
v2.6 (Nanostring Technologies). Differentially expressed mRNAs were
identified through fold change (≥2.0) and p values < 0.05 filtering.
Results
We identified distinctive gene expression patterns in K562 and HL60
cell lines. The most significantly up regulated genes in K562 cells included FGFR3, WT1, CCNA2, FGF2 and HSP90AB1 while CSF3R, BCL2A1,
TNFSF10, AKT1 and GNAS were most significantly down regulated. In
HL 60 cells, WT1, CCNA2, PRKAR1A, MYB and CHEK1 were the most
significantly up regulated while FOS, AKT1, GNAS, TP53 and IL1B were
the most significantly down regulated genes. Several genes that
were up regulated in K562 were found to be down regulated in
HL60 such as FGF2, GATA1, IL6 and PIM1. FGFR1 and SPI1 were significantly up regulated in HL60 but were found to be significantly down
regulated in K562 cell line.
Conclusions
In conclusion, our results suggest that gene expression profiling identified FGF2, GATA1, IL6, PIM1, FGFR1 and SPI1 to be differentially
expressed between AML and CML cells. These findings may also help
to assess future markers in developing therapies targeting mRNA
Development of polyethersulfone (PES)/silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) nanofiltration membrane
No full textNanofiltration is a membrane-based separation process that has been used widely in the separation and purification
fields for various applications such as dye desalting, applications of water soening, pharmaceuticals and wastewater
treatment. In this research, polyethersulfone (PES), polyethylene glycol (PEG), Pluronic F108 and silver nanoparticles
(AgNPs) nanofiltration membrane was prepared using casting solution technique with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)
was used as a solvent. The effects of Pluronic F108 and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) concentrations in the casting
solutions on the membrane performance/properties were also studied. The membrane pure water permeation (PWP)
and salt rejection tests were carried out for membrane performance analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
was used for the membrane morphology characterization. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was utilized to
identify functional groups in the membrane. Membrane with 2.0 wt.% of Pluronic F108 and 0.05 wt.% of AgNPs
showed the best performances for both PWP (40.89 L/m(2)h) as well as permeation flux of salts solution of NaCl (43.95
L/m(2)h), Na2SO4 (21.16 L/m(2)h), MgCl2 (26.46 L/m(2)h) and MgSO4 (20.41 L/m(2)h). All fabricated membranes with
different formulation of dope composition obtained high salts rejection in the range of 79% to 91%. SEM images
showed addition of AgNPs has improved fabricated membrane morphology with higher pore density and larger
macro-void structure
A new two-scroll chaotic attractor with three quadratic nonlinearities, its adaptive control and circuit design
No full textA 3-D new two-scroll chaotic attractor with three quadratic nonlinearities is investigated in this paper. First, the
qualitative and dynamical properties of the new two-scroll chaotic system are described in terms of phase portraits,
equilibrium points, Lyapunov exponents, Kaplan-Yorke dimension, dissipativity, etc. We show that the new two-scroll
dissipative chaotic system has three unstable equilibrium points. As an engineering application, global chaos control
of the new two-scroll chaotic system with unknown system parameters is designed via adaptive feedback control and
Lyapunov stability theory. Furthermore, an electronic circuit realization of the new chaotic attractor is presented in
detail to confirm the feasibility of the theoretical chaotic two-scroll attractor model
A new chaotic attractor with two quadratic nonlinearities, its synchronization and circuit implementation
No full textA 3-D new chaotic attractor with two quadratic nonlinearities is proposed in this paper. The dynamical properties of
the new chaotic system are described in terms of phase portraits, equilibrium points, Lyapunov exponents, KaplanYorke dimension, dissipativity, etc. We show that the new chaotic system has three unstable equilibrium points. The
new chaotic attractor is dissipative in nature. As an engineering application, adaptive synchronization of identical new
chaotic attractors is designed via nonlinear control and Lyapunov stability theory. Furthermore, an electronic circuit
realization of the new chaotic attractor is presented in detail to confirm the feasibility of the theoretical chaotic
attractor model