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X-fever, water free cold sponge
No full textTraditional and historical methods to decrease body temperature during high fever and injury treatment have been implemented since nineteen century. These old methods though are effective but require better
management, when it comes to use of water and to dry water, when subjected to patient. Beside the application of water at room temperature to various subjects at lower temperature for a better prognosis is also questionable Best way is 10 provide local solution to global problem. We have made use of Malaysian Hibiscus sabdariffa L. powder for developing a new product, by using traditional leaf, herbs aml Hibiscus flowers. H. sabdariffa L. (Roselle; Malvaceae) is the most traded medicinal and commercial plants worldwide. In the tropical countries, Roselle is the major flavoring agent. We have designed and developed the reusable cold pack consisting of Hibiscus powder, gelatin. water and ethanol with specific ratios. The mixture was enveloped in a specially selected flexible membrane composed of flexible plastic molecules. A total of 200 subjects were tested for quality of this product. The effects were found significant (98%). Showed to be very effective specially for longtime preserving of the low temperature up to 10 hours compared with controls. X fever has shown not to only decrease temperature but to also absorb heal. This makes it versatile, cost effective traditional herb based easy to produce product. The incorporation of digital technology brings it to new level of temperature monitoring devices
The Val66Met polymorphism in the brain derived neurotphic factor (BDNF) gene and it is potential association with stress levels and haematological parameters
No full textThe BDNF gene (Val66Mct) polymorphism plays a significant role in genetic predisposition towards stress. The stressful lifestyle of preclinical medical students increases stress levels, which is hyphothesized to increase oxidative stress and in turn can lead to alteration in the haematological parameters. This study was aimed to determine allelic and genotypic association or the Val66Met polymorphism with level of stress and to assess the haematological parameters in preclinical medical students or Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted 122 preclinical medical students. The validated depression anxiety stress mucs-21 (DASS-21) questionnaire was distributed, and blood samples were collectcd to perform complete blood count (CBC) test and
polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR· RFLP). Results showed that BDNF genotypes differed significantly with perceived stress level (p=0.010); the students who carried Val/Val genotype have perceived significantly lower stress than those students who carried Val/Met and Mel/Mel genotypes, respectively. Those students with Val/Met genotype have significantly greater haemoglobin concentration than those with Mel/Met genotype (p=0.044). There was a statistically significant difference in the results of mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) across their BDNF genotypes (p=-0.036). There was a statistically significant negative association with increasing stress to their white blood cells (WBCs) count (p=0.05). The data generated from this study will be complementing attention from the investigators to focus on the impact of stress and oxidative stress on haematological parameters under potential
genes
How good is breast self-examination techniques among health clinic attenders in urban areas in Terengganu?
No full textBackground: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women in Malaysia.
Breast self-examination (BSE) practice is still advised especially in countries where access to
mammogram is limited.
Aim: The aim was to assess the BSE techniques among health clinic attenders in urban areas
in Terengganu.
Methodology: Three health clinics were selected from the district of Kuala Terengganu and
Kuala Nerus. There were 347 women aged 20 to 60 years offered to be assesed on BSE
techniques using a breast dummy jacket. A validated BSE checklist was used. It has eight
components. Each component has options of ‘not done’, ‘moderate’ and ‘good’ based on their
technique. It was scored as ‘1’, ‘2’ and ‘3’ marks respectively. The components were; 1. Stand
in front of mirror with hands at sides, 2. Observation of breast, 3. Palpation using fingers, 4.
Palpation in circular/vertical movement, 5. Palpation over the nipples, 6. Squeezing the nipples,
7. Palpation of axillae and 8. Repeat on the other side.
Results: The mean (SD) age of the participants was 35.70(10.21) years. About 78 percent were
married. The mean (SD) score for each component were; 1.49(0.64), 1.78(0.88), 2.16(0.74),
2.20(0.76), 1.63(0.84), 1.65(0.86), 2.02(0.90) and 2.40(0.83). About 61% of them did not
palpate and squeeze the nipples. About 40% did not palpate the axillae.
Conclusion: The BSE tecniques among health clinic attenders are poor. Correct BSE tecniques
should be taught regularly through health promotion either in the clinics or in other places
Robust bootstrapping panel data
No full textBootstrapping is a powerful tool for approximating the distribution of complicated statistics based on independent and identically distributed data. A natural way to bootstrap beta coefficients for fixed effect regression is by using residual-based bootstrap. However, the method heavily suffers the effects caused by high leverage points (HLPs). Random sampling with replacement in bootstrapping will introduce more outliers in the sub-samples of a contaminated data which then cause the bootstrap distribution to break down. We propose robustly weighted bootstrapping procedure that we called Boot RDF which incorporates the use of Robust Diagnostic-F to identify HLPs. Robust weights are then determined based on robust location of each data point from central data. In this way, lower weights are assigned to any outlying observation which in turn will lower down their chances of being included in the subsamples. The performance of Boot RDF are evaluated and compared to the existing fixed design, residual-based bootstrap via Monte Carlo simulation and numerical examples. The robust properties hugely increases the efficiency of the proposed Boot RDF; translated in the results of this study
Lord of the ring
No full textEmergency care provider (ECP)
managing schizophrenia will deal with
many challenges, not only during acute
clinical management but also post
discharged from Emergency
Department (ED). Failure to anticipate
the possible risk or harm will cause an
unnecessary permanent injury resulting
in a substandard management of the
patient and even death
Penelitian terhadap pelaksanaan kursus pra perkahwinan islam di Malaysia
No full textKelangsungan sesebuah perkahwinan amat bergantung kepada persediaan mental,
fizikal, emosi dan spiritual suami dan isteri. Syariat Islam amat mementingkan
pengurusan dan sistem kekeluargaan yang mapan kerana corak kehidupan sebuah
keluarga mampu mempengaruhi corak kehidupan sebuah masyarakat. Mutakhir ini,
permasalahan rumahtangga bagi pasangan muda sering diperbincangkan. Kes
perceraian sentiasa meningkat daripada tahun ke tahun. Apa yang menjadi persoalan,
perceraian yang berlaku adalah melibatkan pasangan muda yang telah diwajibkan
mengikuti Kursus Pra Perkawinan Islam. Justeru, kertas kerja ini akan meneliti bentuk
modul yang diguna pakai dalam kursus ini di samping turut meninjau corak pentadbiran
dan pengurusan dalam pelaksanaannya. Dalam kajian ini, kaedah kualitatif digunakan.
Kajian kepustakaan melalui dokumen-dokumen terpilih diperlukan bagi mendapatkan
maklumat semasa dan pemahaman yang jelas berhubung permasalahan yang dikaji.
Kaedah turut serta dan pemerhatian terhadap kursus yang dijalankan juga dilaksanakan
bagi mendapat gambaran sebenar dan jelas dan tepat. Malah kaedah temubual yang
melibatkan pelbagai pihak yang berkepentingan juga turut dijalankan. Diharapkan artikel
ini memberi kesedaran dan input yang berguna dalam memahami kewajipan sesuatu
polisi yang dibangunkan oleh pihak kerajaan termasuk hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan
pembinaan institusi kekeluargaan di Malaysia
Glycemic index and sensory evaluation of breadfruit resistant starch bread
No full textThe objective of the present study is to determine the Glycaemic Index (GI), mood effect and cognitive
function of chocolate fortified with purple sweet potato (PSP), orange sweet potato (OSP) and pumpkin
among female students. The control and three types of fortified chocolates were tested on 10 healthy
female students to determine their blood glucose level before (0 min) and after 30, 60, 90 and 120 min of
chocolate consumptions and the GI of these chocolate was determined. These fortified chocolates were
also tested on another 30 healthy female students to observe mood effect for every 30 until 90 min by
using a 7-scale mood questionnaire while the percentage of items memorised (any order and in order)
after 30 minutes of chocolate consumption was used to observe their cognitive function. From the
results, this study concluded that chocolates fortified with PSP and pumpkin were classified as low GI
food while chocolates fortified with OSP were medium GI food. Moreover, the consumption of these
fortified chocolates also showed good effect on mood and cognitive function
Kesultanan Sambas dan perkembangan pendidikan Islam
No full textSambas merupakan daerah yang terletak di daerah paling utara Kalimantan
Barat. Daerah ini pernah diperintah oleh beberapa kerajaan termasuklah Kesultanan
Sambas. Kesultanan ini memainkan peranan penting dalam perkembangan agama Islam
dan pendidikan. Justeru, kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti latar sejarah
kedatangan Islam ke Sambas dan perkembangan aspek pendidikan semasa pemerintahan
kesultanan ini. Bagi mencapai objektif tersebut, kajian yang menggunakan pendekatan
pensejarahan dengan menganalisis beberapa dokumen untuk memperoleh data berkaitan
kajian ini. Hasil kajian menunjukkan pendidikan Islam telah berkembang semasa
pemerintahan Kesultanan Sambas. Hal ini didorong oleh faktor pemerintah yang prihatin
terhadap kepentingan ilmu kepada masyarakat dan negara. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat
memberi sumbangan dalam mempekayakan lagi bahan-bahan penulisan sejarah terutama
berkaitan kerajaan-kerajaan Islam di Nusantara
Implementation of guiding principles on business and human rights into small-medium companies in Malaysia
No full textAdherence to human rights principles has become the crucial elements in
today’s world, not only by human per se, but also by companies and body
corporations. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights calls on “every
individual and every organ of society” to play its part in securing universal
observance of human rights. Since companies and are organs of society,
and as their operations come under scrutiny around the world, this is
increasingly demanded by consumers, shareholders and the communities
with whom they interact. Therefore, many multinational level companies
take initiative to implement self-regulatory mechanism called the corporate
social responsibility policy (CSR) to monitor and ensure that business
activities are in compliance with the spirit of the law, ethical standards and
national or international norms. However, many CSR initiatives are
undertaken selectively, based on what the company voluntarily chooses to
address. This is in the opposite of the human rights approach that requires
companies to respect all human rights; they do not have the option of
picking and choosing to deal with only those issues with which they feel
comfortable. Therefore, the United Nations Human Rights Council
regulated the "Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights:
Implementing the United Nations 'Protect, Respect and Remedy'
Framework" in 2011. This framework consists of the state duty to protect
against human rights abuses; the corporate responsibility to respect human
rights; and greater access by victims to effective remedies. Thus, the aim of
this paper is to address issues on human rights in small-medium companies
(SME) and to discuss on the implementation of the Guiding Principles into
SMEs in Malaysia
Amendment to section 46 of the child act 2001- towards enhancing the protection of children beyond control in Malaysia
No full textIn early 2015, the Malaysian government announced that a major amendment
involving more than 70 per cent will be made to the 13-year-old Child Act 2001 for the
purpose of enhancing the protection and welfare of the children’s right. As a result,
the Child (Amendment) Act 2016 comes into operation on 1st January 2017. Among
the provisions which are affected by the amendment is pertaining to the children
beyond control. This study seeks to examine the extent of the amendment made to
the related legal provisions as well as to distinguish it from the previous provisions. It
employs library research (textual) method for data collection by analysing statutes,
books, journals, reports, newspaper articles, conference proceedings and other
periodicals. This study concludes that the major changes made to section 46 of the
Child Act 2001 encompass two areas; a) the grounds to detain a beyond control child
based on the application made by the parent, and b) the types of orders made by the
Court For Children upon receiving the said application