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Employee empowerment characteristics and job satisfaction: A review of existing literature and the new avenue of research
No full textThe role of the employee empowerment strategy in organizational contests has received significant attention in management research. Studies lime investigated whether employee empowerment influencing employees' job satisfaction. Recently, literature provides evidence that companies, under different reasons, focused on the human capital importance in which it directed the organizations and companies paradigms to be changed about the management of people. The main objective of this study is to review the literature that investigated the relationship between employee empowerment and job satisfaction. The literature to date seems to offer inconsistent results, even though studies mostly show significant relationship. This conclusion suggests that the effectiveness of employee empowerment must be improved and future studies should further investigate the role of employee empowerment on mitigating job satisfaction with paying attention to some factors such as the moderating role in this relation. Finally, this review of the literature is hoped to help managers, owners, and researchers to evaluate the employee empowerment role and hence enhancing its monitoring on job satisfaction of employees
Isolation and antibiogram of Acinetobacter bauminnii recovered from human clinical specimen in a tertiary care setting from Lahore, Pakistan
No full textAcinetobacter baumannii is non-fermentive oxygen-consuming Gram-negative coccobacilli pathogen that has appeared as an
essential bacteria responsible for hospital-acquired infections. It also has proved itself as an opportunistic pathogen and
colonises, especially in those patients which were immunocompromised and were admitted in intensive care units (ICUs),
orthopaedic wards, gynae wards and medical wards. The present study was designed to isolate the A.baumannii recovered
from different wards of the hospital from various samples. The biochemical characterisation was done by analytical profile
index for non-Enterobacteriaceae (API 20NE) system and was subjected for antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Human
clinical specimens like urine, blood, CSF, pus, sputum, HVS and other fluids were examined by the specific methods, and
Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was adopted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines (CLSI)
for the examination of resistivity and susceptibility pattern of pathogens. A total of 150 isolates were recovered out of 912
specimens over the six months (July 2018 to December 2018) in a tertiary care hospital. A high proportion of isolates were\ud
resistant against the Ampicillin-Salbactum (69.33%), Cefepime (64.67%), Ceftriaxone (61.33%) and Ceftazidime (60%)
whereas Papracillin-Tazobactam (66.67%), Tigecyclin (59.33%), Doxycyclin (56.67%) and Imipenem (55.33%) show maximum
efficacy against the isolated pathogens. By adopting the standard policies for the use of antibiotics, increasing resistance of A.
baumannii against different classes of drugs could be minimised
Variants of the first extensor compartment of the wrist: Failure of steroid injections for de Quervain’s Tenosynovitis
No full textDe Quervain's tenosynovitis is a common cause of radial sided wrist pain and is described as an entrapment
tendinitis of the tendons in the first extensor compartment. Physiotherapy and splinting are initial conservative
treatment. Steroid injections are an effective treatment modality but may fail due to the anatomical variation in
the first dorsal compartment of the wrist. We present a 39-year-old female who failed conservative treatment.
She received a steroid injection, but symptoms resolved for 6 months only. We proceeded to surgery and noted
three subcompartments consisting of one for the extensor pollicis brevis and two for the abductor pollicis longus
as opposed to one extensor compartment. The steroid injection may have failed to infiltrate all the
subcompartments resulting in treatment failure. General practitioners and surgeons must be aware of this
variation if there are to provide effective treatment. Ultrasonographic guidance may be required for steroid
injections in recalcitrant de Quervain's disease
Anterior knee swelling in severe knee osteoarthritis - co-existence of intra and extra-articular synovial chondromatosis within quadriceps muscle and suprapatellar bursae: An uncommon presentation
No full textSynovial chondromatosis is a benign condition found in the knee (up to 70%), followed by the hip, elbow,
wrist, and shoulder joints. It has a rare incidence of 1 per 100 000 people. We report a case of a 68-years-old
lady who presented with progressive left knee pain for the past two years associated with a swelling of the
knee, which later migrated proximally to the distal thigh. The patient did not notice any increase in size but
complained of pain especially in the extended knee position. Physical examination showed bilateral genu
varus, and the right knee lateral collateral ligament laxity with tenderness over the medial joint line. Range of
motion knee was 5 to 90O
. The lesion was a 4 x 3cm hard non-tender swelling with a well-defined border
localized to the anterior thigh distally. It was mobile and moves with quadricep muscles contraction.
Radiological imaging showed knee osteoarthritis grade 4 with congregations of multiple calcified nodules
located in the thigh with solitary intra-articular calcified nodular mass. Intra-operatively, there were multiple
lesions of different sizes found within the quadriceps muscle. Total knee replacement was performed, and
tissue samples were sent for histopathological examination which was later reported as synovial
chondromatosis with no evidence of malignancy. This case report highlights the even rarer presentation of
extra-articular synovial chondromatosis located within the quadriceps and superficial to the patellar bursae.
Post-operatively, the patient was “pain free” and there was no recurrence of the lesion at one year follow up
Pemerhatian terhadap terjemahan teks sejarah Islam ke dalam bahasa melayu
No full textTeks sejarah Islam merupakan nadi penting yang menyimpan khazanah arkeologi sejarah
ketamadunan Islam yang terbina. Catatan yang terkandung dalam teks ini menjadi sumber
yang penting untuk dihayati oleh seluruh umat Islam kerana pemahaman sejarah yang baik
mampu membina kepercayaan keagamaan yang kukuh. Hal ini demikian kerana segala catatan
ajaran, asbab dan perkembangan Islam yang berlaku termasuk perihal berkaitan asbab alnuzul dan asbab al-wurud sesuatu ajaran dicitrakan dalam genre teks ini. Namun begitu, tidak
semua penganut Islam mampu memahaminya disebabkan ketidakmampuan mereka dalam
menguasai bahasa Arab. Lantaran itu, mereka perlu bergantung kepada teks sejarah
terjemahan sebagai wadah sandaran. Sungguhpun begitu, kewujudannya amat sukar ditemui
walaupun aktiviti penterjemahan teks agama Islam seperti fikah, usul fiqah, tasawuf, aqidah,
tafsir, al-Quran dan hadis ke dalam bahasa Melayu di Nusantara telah berlaku sejak kurun ke-15 Masihi. Untuk itu, kajian ini dijalankan dengan memberi fokus terhadap senario
perkembangan aktiviti terjemahan teks sejarah Islam sedia ada serta meneliti corak
terjemahan yang digunakan. Kajian ini dijalankan dengan mengimplikasi pendekatan kajian
kepustakaan dan penilaian ke atas dua teks terjemahan, iaitu Sirah Nabawiyyah hasil
terjemahan Muhammad Ramzi Omar (2017) dan Sirah Rasulullah s.a.w Keagungan Seorang
Nabi Bongsu hasil terjemahan Senawi Ali (2014) dan dibandingkan dengan teks sumber yang
berjudul al-Raheeq al-Makhtum oleh Al-Mubarakpuri (1987). Dapatan kajian menunjukkan
keterbatasan dalam aktiviti penterjemahan teks genre sejarah Islam berbanding dengan teks
Islam daripada genre yang lain. Kebanyakan teks terjemahan sejarah Islam lebih berbentuk
saduran dan pendekatan terjemahan yang digunakan lebih cenderung kepada pendekatan
semantik. Situasi ini menyebabkan hasil terjemahan lebih cenderung ke arah bahasa dan
budaya teks sumber berbanding kecenderungan kepada bahasa dan budaya sasaran
Psikologi pembangunan kanak-kanak: Perkaitan antara psikologi Pendidikan Barat dan psikologi Pendidikan Islam
No full textPendidikan Islam dan Barat dilihat jauh berbeza terutamanya dalam aspek dasar dan
matlamat. Pendidikan Islam berorientasikan ketuhanan, untuk mencapai makrifat Allah dan
mengarahkan kepada kejayaan di dunia dan akhirat manakala pendidikan Barat beracuankan
ideologi pemikiran manusia yang meletakkan akal manusia di tempat tertinggi. Walau
bagaimanapun, kedua-dua acuan Barat dan Islam ini berpaksikan kepada satu tunjang utama iaitu
pembangunan psikologi dalam membangunkan karakter dan peribadi manusia yang bertamadun,
yang awalnya dibentuk dari awal umur lagi. Namun, proses westernisasi ilmu memberi kesan
kepada sistem pendidikan Islam yang akhirnya ia dilihat sebagai kehilangan identiti dan lebih
malang, memberi kesan kepada generasi anak-anak pada dewasa ini. Di celahan jurang perbezaan
yang besar antara keduanya, terdapatnya hubung kait dan persamaan yang perlu diangkat dan
dinilai semula serta dimurnikan selari dengan konsep Islam. Penyepaduan di antara dua nilai ini
dilihat bakal memberi kesan kepada institusi pendidikan di samping membina keyakinan terhadap
sistem pendidikan Islam yang syumul dan jauh daripada kelompangan
جهود المحدثين في خدمة القراءات
No full textتاولت هند الدراية الماة..القراءات في باب التير ض صحيح البخاري جمفا وبراد تحلياب الأحاديث الني جاءت في كتاب انتير من صحيح البخاري ووردت نيها نراءات تحليلآ خاص بالمعنى والتوجيه، والمثكلة الني تئاولتها الر-الة تتمثل في عرض وكثف مواش الغراءات الني وردت في كاب التيو ٠ن صحيح البخاري، والإغالآ إلى أوجه العاتي الني وردت فيها، دوف الإخارة إلى ترجبح، وئعنن مثكلة انبحث في أثلة، هي: ما أوجه الغراءات التي تفتتها أحاديث كتاب التير من صحيح البخاري؟ بماذا تميزت معاني القراءات الو٠لأة في كاب التير من صحيح البخاري؟ ما أوجه ماثل علم القراءات الغابة على أحاديث كاب التير ض ىحي١ البخا.ى؟ كيف يكون إيغا٣ أوحه القراءات؟، وند ناب هند الأطة أن تعاخ بشق المنهح التحبلي للموص للوقوف على معاني القراءات، من أحل الوصرل للأهداف التاب: إظهار ما تميزت ب٠ الأحاديث افي تثعل القراءات زكاب التيو ز صحيح البخاري على المتوى الجمالي اللغغلي والمي. .يمذللد يان أوجه ماثل علم, الغراءات الغابة على أحاديث كاب التير ز صحيح البخاري؛ وكان من أهم اننتائح الني توصلت إليها الدراية: أ١ذ أحاذيث٠كاب التير من صحيح البخاري، قد اثتملت على الكو من حور توجيه القراءات، وئ- حاءت في غالبها من القراءات المثر المتواترذ، وأن القدر الأكم ز القراءات الني وردت هو قراءة .... ، وفد ظهر لي ض خلال هذا البحن، دقة تعليق الإمام البخاري على مداني القراءات، ك٠ا هي عادن الإمام البخاري في خل معلقات في
محيحه
SOX6, SOX13 and SOX9 expression pattern in meningioma in East Coast Malaysia
No full textSOX (Sry-related high-mobility-group-box) family plays significant functions in human development from
embryonic development, organogenesis and the most recent findings, tissue regeneration. As cell key
modulators, deregulation of these genes has been associated with several human diseases including cancer.
SoxD and SoxE, two of the nine SOX subgroups and their molecular mechanism in carcinogenesis are widely
studied. Eventhough there are a considerable number of studies done on SOX gene in glioma, such studies in
meningioma, which is the most frequent brain tumor type in East Coast Malaysia are still lacking. Thus, this
study aimed to determine the expression levels of SOX6 (SoxD), SOX13 (SoxD) and SOX9 (SoxE) in both
WHO grade I and WHO grade II meningioma in Malaysian population. An FFPE sample of WHO grade I,
WHO grade II meningioma and a normal brain FFPE tissue were sectioned by using microtome. RNA
extraction were completed and the best quality and concentration of RNA were proceeded for cDNA
conversion before underwent gene expression analysis, real-time PCR (qPCR). The results displayed that
SOX6, SOX13 and SOX9 gene were downregulated in all low-grade meningioma compared to normal tissue.
In addition, there were upregulations observed in both SOX6 and SOX9 expressions but downregulated in
high-grade meningioma for SOX13. SOX6, SOX13 and SOX9 expression levels in selected brain tumours in
Malaysian population provide new insights of SoxD and SoxE expression in this population. The well-known
versatility functions of SOX genes and the canonical interaction of SOX genes with their co-factors may
elucidate the inconsistency of SOX gene expression level across diseases and genetic backgrounds. Thus,
functional studies are recommended to be carried out to observe the selected genes’ functions and mechanisms
whether they should reflect their diverse roles in specific Malaysian population
On solving classes of differential equations with applications
No full textGiven the difficultly of applying the methods of variation of parameters and undetermined coefficients
for many classes of differential equations and inspiration of the role of the Linear Differential Operators
to solve classes of Differential equations. In this paper, we introduce the nested factorization technique
for solving classes of Differential equations using the basic differentiation and integration approach.
Numerical examples with encouraging results have been presented to illustrate the efficiency of the
method
The philosophical discourse of the enlightenment: Totalitarian ethics or relativist politics?
No full textThis paper examines the philosophical discourse of the Enlightenment as totalitarian and relativist.
This simply means that the subject is a discussion of the way the poststructuralist/ postmodernist
thinkers (J.F. Lyotard, M. Foucault, J. Deleuze, J. Derrida, […] ) write about the Enlightenment
thought and modernism compared with the way the supporters of Enlightenment (Jürgen
Habermas, Colin Davis, Immanuel Kant […] ) write about the poststructuralist intellectuals.
“Totalitarian ethics” connotes the absolute, classical, logocentric, metaphysical and grand forms
of knowledge. However, “relativist politics,” refers to the gesture of revising these absolutist
ethics by adopting the aesthetics of difference and multiplicity. The assumption is that this
discourse is regarded as authoritarian, absolutist and ineffectual since it abuses, betrays, and finally
rejects the “other.” Accordingly, tow fundamental questions crop up: What sense should be given
to the “totalitarian ethics?” In what way can it be argued for the relativist politics of an absolutist
discourse? To unmask these blind spots, first, the Enlightenment discourse needs to be addressed
in order to discover its most “sublime and metaphysical ideals.” Significant consideration is given
to Kant and Hegel. Second, the analysis is directed to show how the intellectual trajectory of the
postmodern thought devalues, attacks and finally proves that these ethics are “intellectually empty
and morally dangerous.” To justify this claim, careful attention is paid to J.F Lyotard, J. Derrida,
G. Deleuze and M. Foucault. Crystallizing the missed connections between these ‘loving
paradoxes: absolutism/relativism’ reveals the possible, striking and hidden overlaps. In line with
the previous findings, the ultimate conclusion the paper draws is that the philosophical discourse
of the Enlightenment is totalitarian and relativist as it represents an “unfinished project” of
Enlightenment to borrow the term from J. Habermas