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Bio-physiological indicators in evaluating archery performance
No full textThe present chapter measured the association of archery performance in relation to bio-physiological indicators,
namely calories intake, resting respiration, heart rate, systolic as well as diastolic blood. It was established from the
investigation that a high calorie intake, resting respiratory rate and a lower level of heart rate in conjunction with lower
blood pressure are positively linked with a higher archery shooting score. Moreover, it is shown from the present
investigation that the LR model could provide a good prediction of LPA and HPA based on the performance indicators
examined. © 2019, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Lt
A review of divers' responsible behaviour on diving sites and implication for marine tourism
No full textThe uniqueness of coral reef ecosystems has led to various tourism activities such as SCUBA diving.
The popularity of scuba diving activity has indirectly improved the tourism industry making it a multibillion
dollar industry. SCUBA diving tourism has become important in terms of magnitude and significantly
contributes to social, economy and environment. Divers play an important role in marine conservation as their
active diving activities may negatively impact coral reef ecosystems. Their presence may harm the sustainability
of coral reefs as some of the divers may touch or smash the coral reefs. Nevertheless, in the absence of proper
controls and enforcement, unplanned marine tourism growth has caused environmental degradation which
undermines the long-term sustainability of the tourism industry. The purpose of this paper is to explore factors
that contribute to SCUBA diving impacts on coral and fish communities. This paper explains the causes of a
certain event, validating the problem of impacts, defining the core issues and identifies possible causes leading
to an effect. The phenomenon of diving impacts on coral reefs is a result of intensive use of dive site over the
long-term. The divers can reduce their impacts towards coral reefs through responsible diving underwater
behaviors. The causes of cumulative divers’ contacts are more complicated than it seems. In response, this
paper proposes the proper low impact SCUBA diving strategies that need to be considered for future
sustainability of marine tourism management
Kemahiran membaca teks arab sebagai bahasa kedua: Penelitian dari perspektif teori dan kurikulum
No full textKemahiran membaca merupakan antara kemahiran bahasa yang utama dalam aktiviti
pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP) bahasa yang digambarkan sebagai proses yang kompleks
berlaku dalam minda pembaca yang berkait rapat dengan kefahaman. Namun begitu
berdasarkan kepada prestasi dan pencapaian pelajar dalam keputusan ujian dan peperiksaan
yang dijalankan menunjukkan tahap penguasaan kemahiran membaca dan kefahaman bacaan
dalam kalangan pelajar masih lagi belum mencapai tahap yang memuaskan terutama
membabitkan bahasa kedua/asing (B2) seperti bahasa Arab. Menyedari hakikat betapa
pentingnya kemahiran ini perlu dikuasai, maka kajian ini cuba menyoroti kajian dan
perbincangan para sarjana tentang definisi, konsep dan teori bacaan di samping mengenal
pasti elemen-elemen penting yang perlu diberi penekanan dan tumpuan oleh para pendidik
dalam aktiviti PdP bahasa Arab sebagai B2. Kajian ini turut membincangkan tentang
pelaksanaan aktiviti kemahiran membaca bahasa Arab dalam sesi PdP selari dengan
keperluan teori bacaan dan kurikulum yang bermatlamatkan pelajar dapat memahami patah
perkataan serta ayat pada teks bacaan secara fasih dan lancar. Namun begitu, berdasarkan
kepada teori dan model bacaan penekanan kepada aspek kefahaman bacaan teks yang
melibatkan aspek kognitif serta kemahiran berfikir dilihat lebih signifikan untuk dikuasai.
Justeru, kajian ini turut membincangkan saranan para sarjana mengenai ciri-ciri kemahiran
membaca yang perlu dipraktikkan dalam PdP bahasa Arab sebagai B2. Dengan adanya
rujukan kajian yang berasaskan kepada teori dan model bacaan, diharapkan amalan PdP
kemahiran membaca bahasa Arab sebagai B2 dapat dipertingkatkan selaras dengan ciri-ciri
pembelajaran abad ke-21
The psychological stresses facing university students and the effective methods to be confronted
No full textUniversity students face psychological stresses as a result of academic, social or economic problems. The aim of the study is to cast the light on the psychological stresses encounter university students and the effective methods in dealing with them. In the current study, the researcher follows the analytical descriptive approach in data collection and discussion. The study identifies of psychological stresses and theories that explicate them, also it presents the causes and effects of psychological stresses on university students, effect methods to encounter psychological stresses, and it refers to some of the previous studies and researches on this subject. It finds that the psychological stress is a state of psychological or physical imbalance within the individual as a result of exposure to a lot of factors of the surrounding environment, and interpreting several theories of psychological stresses, such as Hans Sealy Theory, Cognitive Theory and Behavioral Theory, and the sources of psychological stress on Students universities, personal and school resources, examination anxiety, family, health, social and economic resources. The study also shows the effects of psychological, emotional, cognitive, behavioral and social stress. There are also many effective methods to face the psychological stress as changing the way of thinking, changing the way of life, use the strategy of problem-solving, rational thinking, modify the content of self-talk and relaxation and meditation and humor
Faktor-faktor penentu kecenderungan keusahawanan dalam kalangan pelajar sekolah menengah
No full textKecenderungan golongan muda terutamanya pelajar sekolah menengah melibatkan diri dalam kerjaya
keusahawanan memberi kebaikan kepada negara. Bagaimanapun, SME Corp (2016) melaporkan kadar
kecenderungan keusahawanan dalam kalangan masyarakat Malaysia telah mencatatkan aliran menurun
daripada 13 peratus (2012), 12 peratus (2013), 12 peratus (2014) kepada hanya enam peratus sahaja
(2015/2016). Situasi ini memberikan gambaran bahawa bilangan usahawan semakin sedikit dan pelaburan
Kerajaan bagi merangsang keusahawanan dalam kalangan golongan muda kurang mampu memberi
manfaat kepada ekonomi negara untuk tempoh jangka panjang. Maka tujuan kajian ini dijalankan adalah
untuk mengkaji faktor penentu kecenderungan keusahawanan dalam kalangan pelajar sekolah menengah di
Terengganu. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melibatkan penggunaan borang soal selidik.
Kajian ini melibatkan seramai 161 orang pelajar Tingkatan 4 yang mengikuti kelab keusahawanan di 16 buah
sekolah menengah di Terengganu dipilih secara rawak mudah untuk dijadikan responden. Data dianalisis
menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensi seperti ujian Korelasi Pearson dan Regresi Pelbagai. Secara
keseluruhannya, hasil kajian ini mendapati majoriti responden mempunyai kecenderungan keusahawanan
pada tahap tinggi. Kajian ini juga mendapati kewangan, model peranan, halangan, pengenalan sosial,
norma sosial, pengetahuan keusahawanan dan kemahiran keusahawanan adalah faktor penentu yang
mempengaruhi kecenderungan keusahawanan dalam kalangan responden. Faktor penentu kemahiran
keusahawanan paling dominan mempengaruhi kecenderungan keusahawanan dalam kalangan responden.
Maka kajian ini mencadangkan kepada Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia supaya membuka lebih banyak
kelab keusahawanan di sekolah menengah agar ramai pelajar dapat belajar kemahiran keusahawanan
dalam situasi sebenar pada usia belasan tahun kerana mempengaruhi kecenderungan mereka menceburi
kerjaya keusahawanan
A survey on how children perceive smartphone and routine adjustments towards obsession
No full textThe usage of smartphones among children is
high and exposure to smartphones occurs at young age
with or without the parental assistance. The use of
smartphones is increasingly widespread. Some of the
obsessive properties are particularly agonizing,
especially for school children. This study uses
qualitative methods by collecting data through in-depth
interviews. The paper explores how children view
smartphones and adjust their attitude towards the
obsession. These children are given to access to
smartphones, but with parental supervision
Effect of growth media and optical density on biofilm formation by Staphylococcus epidermidis
No full textObjective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of media, optical density, and incubation time on biofilm formation by Staphylococcus epidermidis. Methods: The main procedure involved was fixing the bacterial film with 95% ethanol, staining with 0.1% crystal violet, releasing
the bound dye with 33% glacial acetic acid, and measuring the optical density (OD) of the solution at 590 nm by using a microplate
reader. Results: It was found that 3 and 5 days of incubation are critical for biofilm formation as indicated by the OD values of 0.55 - 0.06
and 0.70 - 0.39 in MHB and TSB respectively at OD 0.05. Similar results were noted for OD 0.1 in both media MHB and TSB while TSB
showing slightly better results for biofilm formation. Conclusion: It is concluded that three days (72 hours) are required for obtaining effective biofilm formation in both MHB and TSB
at 370C at OD 0.05 and OD 0.1