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Dongxiang Muslim women as ‘boundary subjects’: reflections on gender and identity in the borderland areas of northwest China
No full textWith the highest female illiteracy rate in China (2000 national census), the Dongxiang Muslim community in northwest China shows the most striking male-female gender hierarchy among all Muslim nationalities in northwest China. This paper explains how local Islamic culture – jiaopai and menhuan -- and the distinction made between Dongxiang (minority) and Han (majority) identity devalue women and restrict their mobility. Specifically, Dongxiang people are divided into different Islamic sects (jiaopai and menhuan or jiaomen), such as Beizhuang, Humen, and Santai. Most of them hold to their own sects and demonstrate
negative evaluation of other jiaomen, so inter-jiaomen marriages are always forbidden. Women are the symbolic carrier of the jiaomen to which they belong, as can be seen in the distinctive head scarf (gaitou) women wear which signifies a given religious membership. To prevent their women from marrying out of
the jiaomen and ensure integrity of the menhuan population, Dongxiang men constrain their women’s
mobility. Gender also marks the ethnic boundary between Han Chinese (majority) and Dongxiang Muslim
(minority) relations, legitimized by patriarchal interpretations of the holy scriptures which restrict women
in the name of Allah. The paper argues that contemporary gender hierarchies in the Dongxiang community
are not primarily moulded by Islam but by the cultural practices of a patriarchal society
Monsoon indicators for Borneo
No full textThe two most significant synoptic forces governing the climate of the Southeast Asia region are the Asian
Monsoon and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Several previous studies had successfully established climatic indices to capture the signals of these two large-scale circulations. Such indices would enable researchers to investigate empirical relationships between synoptic forces and the local climate of a particular region. However, the monsoon indices created from these previous studies were based on the geographical layout over much larger areas, which covered the south and east Asian regions. In order to
better understand the influences of monsoon signals on the local climate of Borneo, RD1 and RD2 monsoon indices are, therefore, established. These new indices are created using sea-level pressure within the specific domain of Southeast Asia, which is 75° E – 140° E; 20° S – 30° N. They are created specifically to diagnose relationships between monsoon signals and the surface climate of Borneo, and to
suit the local features of the region
Perbandingan ralat ‘multipath’ bagi data cerapan GPS stesen MASS dan stesen RTK
No full textMultipath is one of the major sources of error in GPS code and carrier phase measurements that prevents the achievement of the highest levels of accuracy in GPS applications. Multipath occurs when signals travelling from a transmitter to a receiver propagate via multiple paths due to reflection and diffraction. The aim of this paper is to analyze the effect of multipath between MASS (Malaysia Active GPS System) station and GPS RTK (GPS Real Time Kinematic) reference station. The data is analysed from 15 MASS stations and 27 GPS RTK reference stations that are strategically located throughout Malaysia. This research also identifies which station between MASS station and GPS RTK reference stations are the most and least affected by multipath effect of both pseudo ranges at L1 (1575.42 MHz) and L2 (1227.60 MHz) of GPS signals. TEQC (Translating, Editing and Quality Checking) software is used to obtain multipath errors for both GPS signals. Based on the results, it is shown that the multipath error effects highly affect pseudo ranges for carrier frequency L2 more than the carrier frequency L1 which is consistent with previous research findings. It is shown that the most affected GPS data for multipath at L1 is from GPS RTK reference station and the least is from MASS station. The most affected at L2 is from MASS station and the least from GPS RTK reference station. For further research, more data are needed to be analyzed and better methods are required to analyze GPS dat
A stylistic analysis of montage
No full textThis study presents a stylistic analysis of Ophelia Alcantara-Dimalanta‟s Montage by providing a syntactic and lexical investigation of the poem. It attempts to investigate the style and the language of the poem by focusing on the overall structure of the poem and the grammatical structure of the sentences thereby leading to a deeper understanding of the text. The analysis focuses on the syntax, specifically the structure of sentences, and the vocabulary of the poem. Some pedagogical implications re then drawn towards the concluding remarks of the study
Museum preservation and conservation of cultural heritage in the Northern Region of Peninsula Malaysia
No full textThis article discusses myriad of museums that are located in the northern
region of peninsula Malaysia and their efforts in the preservation and
conservation of cultural heritage. The study adopts the historical approach
but with a tinge of cultural anthropology while the research methodology is
based on museum visits, a scrutiny of publications and pamphlets issued by
museums and discussion with those closely associated with museums. Besides
the dominance of Malay culture museum efforts of preservation and conservation
of cultural heritage including royal ceremonies are selectively undertaken.
Certain aspects of Malay culture are marginalized just like the cultural heritage
of other ethnic groups. Then there is competition within and among museums.
This competition is an extension of the political competition which had existed
since 195
Piama dan petua tradisi: Ilmu menanam padi masyarakat Melayu di utara semenanjung Malaysia
No full textThe aim of this article is to discuss rice planting season and traditional precept
as a knowledge of past paddy planters in rice planting. This research is done
specifically in the northern part of Peninsular Malaysia, the states are Perlis,
Kedah Darul Aman and Pulau Pinang. This research is done through fieldwork
research, interviewing five paddy planters, going to the paddy fields, doing
research at the paddy museum and library research on rice planting season
and traditional precept. The works looked into are from Western writers as
well as Eastern writers. The findings prove that past paddy planters used rice
planting knowledge and traditional precept in carrying out work in their
fields. This is due to the fact that in some societies rice is seen as pure or holy
and is a staple for most of the world’s population. Due to the importance of
paddy effort is made by planters to have a good yield. This research also shows
that paddy planters are very sanative towards natural phenomenon and they
learn from the universe. A phenomenon that occurs repeatedly when they plant
paddy will be planted in the minds of the planters‘society and will form a body
of knowledge about what to do and not to do during planting season. This
knowledge is held and used so that the yield is rich. This is why there is special
knowledge about rice planting. However the changing times and technological
development has weakened the rice planting knowledge and traditional
precepts that go against the religion have been left out of the lives of the paddy
planters. This research is deemed important because it can be a sociocultural
view of the paddy planting of past paddy planters to be made known to current
societ
The trafficking of women and children in Nigeria an analysis of the new anti-trafficking legislation and its application
No full textHuman trafficking refers to the use of force, coercion or fraud to move people, mostly women and children, within or across national borders, for the purpose of labour or sexual exploitation. Human trafficking poses global challenges relating to human rights, labour and security. Every country is affected by the problem of human trafficking although the scale of it may be higher in one country than in another. This article analyses the legal framework for dealing with the trafficking of women and children in Nigeria. It does so by exploring the various anti-trafficking measures contained in the Nigerian Trafficking in Persons (Prohibition) Law Enforcement and Administration Act 2003 as amended and recommending further new amendments to it. This article begins with a background information on the problem of human trafficking in the global arena and in Nigeria; gives an overview of the 2000 UN Protocol on Trafficking; highlights the U.S. Minimum Standards on the combat against human trafficking with particular attention to the objectives of the annual U.S. TIP Report and uses the Three P’s approach to discuss the provisions of the TIPPLEA 2003 Act and the various efforts of the Nigerian antitrafficking agency, NAPTIP, to implement the provisions of the Act. The article concludes with an appreciation of the efforts of Nigeria to tackle human trafficking and a call for greater attention to the problem by for instance plugging some of the gaps in the la
Pelan pembangunan bank dunia di negara-negara Islam: ketidakadilan dari perspektif bantuan asing dan penswastaan projek air bersih
No full textMany Muslim countries face challenges of massive poverty, slow GDP, low level of education and insufficient public health systems. The governments in these countries do not have sufficient capital resources to eradicate poverty and prevent deaths from preventable causes. Hence, the World Bank together with developed countries have been providing financial assistance to majority Muslim countries for over half a century in an attempt to improve living conditions of the people. However, this paper attempts to explore unfairness of foreign aid on a Muslim country’s overall including on political institutions. Secondly, this paper presents a discussion on how the World Bank prescribes water privatisation and full recovery cost as conditions for their loans to Muslim country governments for the creation and expansion of clean water. Finally, this paper unveils how unfairness of the World Bank development plan to many Muslim countries and why Islamic Development Bank (IDB) must take an urgent action to overcome these problem
Strategic Performance measurement system, Organisational capabilities and competatitive advantage
No full textThis study examines organisational capabilities as a potential mediator in the link between SPMS use and organisational competitive advantage. The data was collected using a mail survey to top management of listed companies in Malaysia. The results show that SPMS makes a significant contribution with organisational competitive advantage and capabilities. However, diagnostic use is not significantly associated with organisational capabilities. The findings contribute to the body of knowledge by showing the role of SPMS from the perspective of the resource-based view theory and levers of control framework. The findings acknowledge that SPMS can be an indirect source for competitive advantage through its ability to enhance organisational capabilities
Determinants of management accounting Control system in Malaysian manufacturing companies
No full textThis study examines the level of changes in management accounting practices (MAP)in Malaysian manufacturing companies and investigates the factors determining the change in management accounting and control systems (MACS). The data are collected using a mailed questionnaire survey to manufacturing companies in Klang Valley. Results of this study showed that, the level of management accounting practices in Malaysian manufacturing companies were consistent with the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) frameworks on the management accounting evolution. The results also identified technological advancement and strategic change as important predictors of change in MACS. Taken together, these research outcomes make an incremental contribution to the existing management accounting change literature by providing useful insights into our knowledge of management accounting innovation specifically for developing economie