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Aktiviti antioksida dan warna mufin daripada sisa puri pitaya merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) (Antioxidant activity and colour of red pitaya puree muffin (Hilosereus polirhizus))
No full textSisa puri pitaya merah bersama biji telah digunakan dalam penyediaan mufin yang dicampurkan dengan 10%, 15% dan 20% puri dalam formulasi bater. Ujian warna, kandungan jumlah polifenol, jumlah flavonoid, ujian antioksida; pemerangkapan radikal bebas 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) dan ujian penurunan ferrik (FRAP) telah dijalankan. Warna bater 3 jenis mufin tersebut berwarna merah jambu violet. Warna merah jambu (nilai a) meningkat dengan signifikan (p<0.05) selaras peningkatan peratus kandungan puri manakala kecerahan (nilai L) menurun dengan peningkatan puri. Apabila dimasak, semua warna merah jambu daripada bater hilang. Permukaan mufin adalah lebih gelap (nilai L), dengan mufin 20% puri paling signifikan (p<0.05). Isi kesemua mufin berwarna kuning dan kecerahan (nilai L) didapati berkurang secara signifikan (p<0.05) dengan pertambahan peratus puri. Jumlah polifenol sampel mufin menunjukkan mufin 10% puri pitaya ekstrak air mengandungi jumlah polifenol yang paling tinggi (29.0 mg GAE/100 g sampel). Kandungan flavonoid menunjukkan mufin 20% puri pitaya mengandungi flavonoid yang paling signifikan (p<0.05) 15.3 mg katekin/100 g sampel berbanding mufin kawalan 11.0 mg katekin. Bagi ujian antioksida DPPH, semua mufin dengan puri pitaya menunjukkan peratus pemerangkapan yang lebih baik berbanding kawalan. Ujian FRAP menunjukkan pola yang serupa dengan keputusan mufin 10% (17.4), mufin 15% (15.4) dan mufin 20% (17.5 mg trolox/100 g sampel). Warna merah jambu bater mufin hilang semasa proses memasak namun nilai antioksida masih diperolehi dalam mufin masa
Cyclomorphism in Bosmina longirostris (Crustacea:Cladocera) from Lake Ikeda, Japan
No full textZooplankton were sampled in Lake Ikeda at a fixed station every month with the aid of a plankton net in order to observe whether cyclomorphism was exhibited by the neonates of Bosmina longirostris. In Lake Ikeda the relative sizes of the antennules and mucrones of B. longrostris neonates decreased in relation to carapace length from 65% in winter to 50% in summer. Mucrone lengths also decreased from 30% in winter to 20% in summer. Both appendages were inversely correlated with surface temperature of the lake. Predation seems to be one of the reasons why neonates of B. longirostris exhibited seasonal cyclomorphism in their antennule and mucron
Proton conducting polymer electrolytes based on PVDF-HFP and PVDF-HFP/PEMA Blend
No full textIn the present work, polymer electrolytes of poly(vinylidene fluoride co-hexafluoroproplyne) (PVDF-HFP) and PVDF-HFP/poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PVDF-HFP/PEMA) blend complexed with different concentrations of ammonium triflate (NH4CF3SO3) were prepared and characterized. The structural and thermal properties of the electrolytes were studied by XRD and DSC while the electrical properties were investigated by impedance spectroscopy. Ionic transference number measurements were done by D.C polarization technique. The results of these study showed that the PVDF-HFP/PEMA based electrolytes exhibit higher ionic conductivity as compared to PVDF-HFP based electrolytes. This could be attributed to the higher degree of amorphicity in the PVDF-HFP/PEMA based electrolytes. The results of ionic transference number measurements showed that the charge transport in these electrolytes was mainly due to ions and only negligible contribution comes from electrons
Diagnostic dilemma of a case of sigmoid volvulus complicating pregnancy
No full textWe report the case of a 34-year-old Malay, admitted for constipation and abdominal pain at 35 weeks of gestation. Initially, she was diagnosed to have paralytic ileus and was managed conservatively. As her condition did not improve, emergency laparotomy was performed for suspected intestinal obstruction. She delivered a baby boy weighing 2.84kg with good Apgar score through a caesarean section. Intra-operatively, she was noted to have sigmoid volvulus and sigmoidopexy was performed. Post-partum, colonoscopy and bowel decompression was performed. She recovered well and was discharged on day 5. This case illustrates the need to diagnose or suspect volvulus in pregnant woman presenting with severe constipation as early surgical intervention can reduce morbidity to both mother and fetus
Morbidly adherent placenta at extreme prematurity: can major haemorrhage and hysterectomy be prevented?
No full textMorbidly adherent placenta with spontaneous rupture of membrane at extreme prematurity poses poor pregnancy outcome. Various issues on different management modalities still remain perplexed and individual consideration is vital. Two cases of morbidly adherent placenta with symptomatic per vaginal bleeding and spontaneous rupture of membrane at severe prematurity were reviewed and discussed. We found that, active intervention by termination of pregnancy and methotrexate therapy at early gestation can prevent the need of hysterectomy following major obstetrics haemorrhage
Loading effect of aluminum hydroxide onto the mechanical, thermal conductivity, acoustical and burning properties of the palm-based polyurethane composites
No full textEffects of aluminium hydroxide (ATH) addition on the properties of palm-based polyurethane composites were investigated. The hybrid composites were prepared by mixing 10 wt% of oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber (EFB) with ATH at varying amount of 2, 4 and 6 wt% of the overall mass of the resin. The compression stress and modulus gave the highest values of 575 and 2301 kPa, respectively at 2 wt% loading of ATH. The compression stress and modulus decreased drastically at 4 wt% (431 kPa and 1659 kPa, respectively) and further decreased at 6 wt% ATH (339 and 1468 kPa, respectively). However, the burning rate is inversely proportional to the loading percentage where the highest burning rate was observed at 2 wt% ATH. Sound absorption analysis indicated a large absorption coefficient at high frequency (4000 Hz) for all samples. The highest absorption coefficient was obtained from PU-EFB/ATH with 4 wt% ATH
Prevalence of trichomoniasis among commercial sex workers in some regions in Jakarta and Tangerang 2008: Relationship between trichomoniasis with types of contraception used
No full textThe phonology of words with monosyllabic stems in Malay
No full textIt is generally observed that when monosyllabic stems undergo the process of affixation with verbal prefixes /mN-/ and /di-/ in Malay, two phonological alternations surface in the output forms, namely vowel lengthening (i.e. /di-pam/ [dipam] „to pump (passive)‟), and schwa epenthesis (i.e. /mN-pam/ [mpam] „to pump (active)‟). Unlike the later, the former has not been well examined and accounted for in the previous studies, and therefore the analyses missed some important generalizations about the phonology of the so-called monosyllabic stems in Malay. Previous studies suggested that the so-called monosyllabic stems are lexically disyllabic with an initial empty V-slot at the CV tier. This representation is in agreement with the basic prosodic structure of the words in the language which is normally disyllabic. This empty V-slot triggers the application of vowel lengthening and schwa epenthesis rules, and simultaneously blocks the application of visibly active rules such as nasal assimilation, nasal deletion and nasal substitution. However, based on additional data generated from DBP corpus, it is apparent that there are monosyllabic stems that do not undergo schwa epenthesis as predicted by the rule (i.e. /mN-gam/ [mgam] „to glue‟. This demonstrates that the previous analysis is inadequate and over generalized. The present study concurs that the so-called monosyllabic stems are lexically disyllabic but with an initial empty mora. In the process of syllabification, the empty mora in the rhyme can be linked either with a preceding vowel, an epenthetic schwa or a homorganic nasal
Pembangunan tanah hutan dan fenomena banjir kilat: kes Sungai Lembing, Pahang.
No full textBanjir kilat yang berlaku dalam masa yang singkat (kurang daripada 6 jam) berupaya untuk meningkatkan paras air sungai secara mendadak. Kebanyakan banjir kilat yang berlaku memberi perhatian kepada banjir di kawasan tanah rendah. Bagaimanapun, kajian di Sungai Lembing yang terletak di kawasan tanah tinggi, lebih kurang 45 km dari pinggir pantai Pahang telah dipilih sebagai kawasan kajian. Kajian ini cuba meneliti kesan perubahan guna tanah dan perubahan hidrologi diLembangan Sg Kuantan bermula pada 1980 sehinggalah pada tahun 2002. Kajian ini mendapati
penyahhutanan kawasan tanah tinggi (khususnya pada tahun 1990-2000) telah mengubah entiti kitaran hidrologi lembangan dan juga mengubah aliran rendah sungai berkenaan. Modifikasi alur termasuk pelurusan sungai dan pembinaan tebing konkrit meningkatkan puncak luahan di kawasan tanah
rendah terutamanya di Jalan Panching dan Sg Isap, Kuantan. Pengurangan litupan vegetasi di tanah tinggi juga telah mengurangkan masa memuncak hidrograf. Hasil soalselidik dan temubual penduduk dan pengusaha chalet juga telah mengesahkan faktor aktiviti pembalakan haram merupakan faktor pencetus kepada banjir kilat di kawasan tersebu
