Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training
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The NCS-based Qualification System: Diagnosis and Future Tasks for Improvement
Get PDFIn order to develop a field-oriented qualification system as a part of efforts to push for President Park Geun-hye’s state affairs, National Competency Standards(NCS) was developed in accordance to which, the qualification system has been reformed. However, as the new qualification system is in its initial stage of implementation, the systematic structure of ‘qualification planning - qualification operation - qualification utilization’ based on NCS is not stable yet and thus the system is being implemented on a trial-and-error basis. Revealing its limitations, the qualification system has not been diagnosed in a systematic manner.
One of the goals of this study is to diagnose whether the NCS-based qualification system is being operated fulfilling its original purposes and whether the qualification management and operation system is in place supporting smooth application of the qualification system in the labor market. The study also aims to analyze the problems arising in the process of carrying out the system and to come up with tasks for improvement.
In order to achieve these goals, comprehensive reviews were made on a variety of literatures and diverse study approaches were adopted including interviewing experts, conducting surveys, visiting educational institutions and industrial fields and holding policy seminars.
This study deals mainly with the followings. First, the theoretical background is reviewed concerning ‘diagnosis of the NCS-based qualification system’. As for domestic implementation of NCS-based qualifications policies, the current state and recent developments are analyzed, while analysis results and implications of qualification policies in major foreign nations are also examined. With a view to establish an analysis framework for NCS-based qualifications policies, comprehensive reviews are made to find out the background and analysis methods of other policies. In addition, based on the new framework, the NCS-based qualification policies implemented so far are assessed with their problems identified and future policy tasks are suggested to solve the problems. The policy tasks proposed by this study are as below. ..
The Effects of Basic Income on the Labor Market in the Era of 4th Industrial Revolution
Get PDFThe main objective of this study is to facilitate social interest and discussions regarding basic income and to enhance policy mindset on basic income. The study focuses on the investigation of the labor market effects of basic income, among other issues.
First, the labor market outlook in the fourth industrial revolution is briefly reviewed, which is the main background for enhanced interests in basic income. Employment is expected to show a sharp decline, while the labor force is polarized, and in order to overcome these obstacles, a new paradigm, such as basic income, is required, rather than traditional labor market policies and social security policies.
Second, the concepts and the necessity of basic income are reviewed in detail. Basic income refers to a universal cash benefit unconditionally granted to everyone on a regular basis. It has advantages over minimum income guarantee, which is a traditional social security policy, as it does not have any stigma effect since it is not conditioned on asset test or work requirements. Also, basic income could be more effective compared to negative income tax, as it does not provide disincentive to work.
As such, middle income class is among the beneficiaries of basic income, which makes themselves the supporters for basic income, which, in turn, increases the political feasibility of the policy.
The need for basic income is raised from different aspects. From the philosophical perspective, basic income is required to guarantee substantial freedom as a human and it is also justified from the perspective of joint distribution of common property. In addition, it could be an effect policy tool to sustain aggregate demand in the economy while the jobs are disappearing with increasing number of precarious workers, as discussed earlier. Furthermore, environmental dividend and territorial dividend could be effective policy measures to address environmental problems, which pose serious threats to humanity and real estate speculation, which is a widespread social problem in Korea.
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Building the Ecosystem of Youth Start-ups in Korea
Get PDFThis study aims to explore the ecosystem of youth start-ups in Korea. We focus on the maker movement and maker start-ups to build up the start-ups ecosystem in Korea. To set up ecosystem of start-ups, the activities of maker movement and maker start-ups have to be encouraged by Korean society. Maker movement and maker start-ups will bring out good results to Korean economy which is now in trouble, especially low youth employment rate and overall industries’ downing energy.
Currently the government helps directly maker start-ups, but the government’s aid should have gone to the private business firms which give good services to maker start-ups. To encourage maker movement, the government should contain the making programme into regular education curriculum.
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A Study on Agent-based model for Labor Economics and Labor Market Policy Evaluation
Get PDFThe most recent sequence of financial crisis and the increasing economic instability are letting us turn more and more incredulous, triggering the reflective need to search for a newer methodology on economic analysis. Furthermore, the rapid growth in information and communication technology as well as the advancement into more knowledge-based society are accelerating the rate of how fast this world is changing, creating more controversial topics such as the fourth industrial revolution, the introduction to Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, and so on. This sort of rapid social growth depreciates the accuracy of economic prediction, thus emphasizing the essential necessity to look for a newer economic analysis methodology.
Simulation methodology, agent-based modeling in particular, by supposing a disparate consumer and a disparate manufacturer and drawing a conclusion from analyzed results on computer, suggests a possibility that it could imitate a reality indescribable in former methodologies. Now that it can observe the agents’ activities, it can create experimental situations and evaluate a variety of policy scenarios on a comprehensive basis. In addition, after having found out that a macroscopic phenomenon was shown as an outcome of their interactions between disparate individuals, this has made it easier for us to explore the relationship between a microscopic activity and the macroscopic phenomenon.
The following research includes the experimental incorporation of a dynamic model of education-training, in an attempt to introduce agent-based modeling as one of the methodologies on economic analysis and to discover its applicability as a tool to evaluate labor market policies. As a result, we hoped to leave the door open for agent-based modeling to be actively sought for as an economic analysis methodology and to be utilized for policy making and during its evaluation process.
After analyzing the data gathered from the dynamic model of education-training, it was demonstrated that a strategy involving a corporate investment in education-training was inferior to a strategy without the corporate investment in education-training. Nevertheless, for some enterprises, education-training investment strategy was more financially benefitting, therefore in a societal context, allowing education-training investment enterprises to have a long-run in the industry.
On the other hand, financial support did not only accelerate economic production, but also increased societal efficiency by putting more weight onto education-training investment enterprises. Therefore any form of financial support from the society in education-training, up to certain extent, was considered necessary, if hoping for increasing societal productivity through education- training investment. Moreover, career education-training of the people in the low-income bracket and the jobless was noted indispensable, at least to prevent failure in equity due to increasing wage inequality
Narrative Inquiries of Young Workers: Work, Learning, and Life of Vocational High School Graduates
Get PDFRecent policies for encouraging vocational high school graduates to enter the labor market instead of pursuing the higher education have been evaluated as effective. The employment rate of the vocational high school graduates has increased while the rate of advancement to the higher education right after vocational high school graduation has decreased. Nonetheless, at the individual level, it is not quite clear whether entering the labor market giving up or postponing higher education is a wise decision in the long term perspective. There is insufficient information on the reality of life of young workers after graduation of vocational high schools. The purpose of this study was to understand the work, learning, and life of young vocational high school graduates. Using the narrative inquiry method, it was intended to understand the working, learning and living of young workers in a wholistic way considering the context of their lives.
In order to have a theoretical sensitivity before conducting the narrative inquiry, the previous researches, theories and policies on work, learning and life of vocational high school graduates in the ages of 20s. 5 researchers interviewed 15 participants. 5 Participants were invited among the participants of a previous research in 2013, which focused on only the adaptation at the initial stage of working life of vocational high school graduates. 10 participants have joined additionally in this study. The criteria for choosing participants were at least 2 years of work experience after graduation of vocational high schools and age under 30. Variation in terms of job security, gender, size of firm, region, industry was considered in the final selection of participants. Each participant met a researcher three times. Series of meetings were held to share and tune perspectives among researchers before, during and after interviews.
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대학생의 취업선호도에 따른 잠재집단별 특징
Get PDF대학생들의 취업선호도는 근무환경 중시 집단(51.3%), 사회적 인정 선호 집단(19.1%), 직업선호 탐색 집단(29.7%)으로 유형화할 수 있음.
여학생은 근무환경 중시 집단 비율(60.3%)이 남학생(47.4%)에 비해 높고, 남학생은 직업선호 탐색 집단의 비율(36.1%)이 여학생(14.7%)보다 높음.
아버지의 월평균 소득이 높은 학생들 사이에서는 사회적 인정을 선호하는 집단의 비율이 높게 나타남.
전문대 재학생과 예체능계열 전공자는 특정한 직업선호를 보이는 비율이 낮음.
취업선호도에 따른 집단별 수능 평균 등급은 사회적 인정 선호 집단(3.85등급), 근무환경 중시 집단(4.81등급), 직업선호 탐색 집단(5.51등급) 순임.University students can be divided into three employment preference groups: those that place emphasis on their working environment (51.3%); a those that prefer social recognition (19.1%); and those that wish to further explore their job preference (29.7).
By gender, a larger proportion of women (60.3%, compared to 47.4% for men) put greater importance on the working environment, while a larger share of men (36.1%, compared to 14.7% for women) emphasized the desire to further explore job preferences.
Among students whose father had a high average monthly income, the proportion of the second group was higher.
For college students and those majoring in art and physical education, the proportion of the last group was lower.
The second social recognition group averaged the highest score (3.85 score class) on the Korean Scholastic Aptitude Test, followed by the first group (4.81), and the last group (5.51).\
*The full-text is available in Korean only
인공지능 발전 추이 국제 비교와 인력 양성에 대한 함의
Get PDF인공지능 분야의 전체 특허 추이는 1990년대 후반 팽창 → 2000년대 초반 정체 → 2000년대 후반 팽창 → 2010년대 중후반 급증하는 추세로, 한국도 이와 유사한 추이를 보임.
전체 특허 추이와 비교했을 때, 한국은 통신 및 장치와 관련한 인공지능 특허의 비중이 상대적으로 높고, 금융, 교육, 보안 등의 응용 부분은 낮음.
전 세계적으로 디지털 처리 시스템과 데이터 처리, AI 응용 분야의 특허가 빠르게 증가하고 있고, 한국은 통신과 데이터 처리, 배터리 부문의 특허 증가율이 높음.
미국과학재단(NSF)에서는 인공지능의 응용 분야에 집중 투자하고 있음.
한국은 인공지능의 응용 및 활용 분야 중 글로벌 강점이 있는 의학 보건 분야를 전략적으로 육성하는 것이 기대되며, 이를 위해 의학보건 전문인력 양성과정에서 지능정보기술을 시범 활용할 필요가 있음.The overall number of patents in the artificial intelligence field expanded in the 1990s, stagnated in the early 2000s, expanded again in the late 2000s, and sharply increased in the mid- and late 2010s. Korea has followed a similar trend, albeit with some distinctions.
Compared to the overall trend, Korea has a relatively higher proportion of artificial intelligence patents related to communication and devices, but a lower proportion in the application sector―including finance, education and security.
Globally, the number of patents in digital processing systems, data processing, and artificial intelligence applications is increasing rapidly. In Korea, the large patent growth rates have occurred in the communication, data processing and battery sectors.
The National Science Foundation in the US concentrates its investment in the application sector of artificial intelligence.
Korea is expected to strategically nurture the medical and healthcare sector―one of the application and utilization areas of artificial intelligence―in which it possesses comparative strength. To this end, it will be necessary to pilot intelligence information technology for the development of skilled workforce in the healthcare sector.
*The full-text is available in Korean only
직업계고 지역 분포와 직업교육 기회
Get PDF강원, 전남 등 시·군·구 단위에서 직업계고가 설치되지 않은 일부 시·도의 경우, 길어진 통학거리로 인해 학생과 학부모의 부담이 발생하고 있으며, 지역 산업체 또한 인근 지역 내 숙련 기술 인재 확보에 어려움을 겪고 있음.
경기 등 일부 수도권 지역의 경우 학생 자원은 비교적 풍부한 편이나 일반고 선호 현상으로 신도시에 직업계고를 설치하는 데 어려움이 있음.
강원 등 일부 시·도 지역에서는 직업계고 지역 편중 현상으로 인해 ICT나 디자인과 같이 인기 있는 학과의 직업교육을 받을 수 있는 기회가 제한되어 있음.In some provinces, such as Gangwon-do and Jeollanam-do, where vocational high school has not been established at the district or city level, the students and parents are burdened due to the long distance to schools, and the local industries also have difficulties in securing skilled workers.
In some metropolitan areas, such as Gyeonggi-do, although the number of students is relatively high, it is difficult to set up vocational high schools in new cities due to the preference for general high schools.
In some cities and provinces, including Gangwon-do, there are limited opportunities for students to be enrolled in popular vocational courses, such as ICT and design, due to the regional bias of vocational high schools.
*The full-text is available in Korean only
[패널 브리프] 기업의 인적자원개발 투자와 조직성과
No full textⅠ. 서론
Ⅱ. 이론적 논의와 연구 모형
1. 전략적 인적자원관리 이론
2. 인적자원개발과 조직문화
3. 인적자원개발과 시장 환경
Ⅲ. 연구 방법
1. 자료 및 분석방법
2. 변수의 조작적 정의와 측정
Ⅳ. 분석결과
1. 직무만족도에 미치는 영향
2. 조직몰입도에 미치는 영향
Ⅴ. 결
[동향] 일자리
No full textⅠ. 일자리 정책
□ 고용노동부, 일자리 중심 국정 운영을 뒷받침할 정책 역량 확충 (2017.02.27.)
□ 관계부처합동, 청년고용대책 점검 및 보완방안 의결 (2017.03.22.)
□ 고용노동부, 조선업 대형 3사 특별고용지원업종 지정, 무급휴직 등 지원 확대 (2017.02.28.)
□ 중소기업청, 국내 최고 창업경연 「대한민국 창업리그」신청자 모집 (2017.03.23.)
□ 고용노동부, 대학창조일자리센터 20개교 추가 선정 (2017.03.08.)
Ⅱ. 일자리 통계
◈ 2017년 1월 일자리 동향(경제활동인구조사 원자료)
□ 2017년 1월 전체 고용률은 58.9%, 실업률은 3.8%로 전년 동월 대비 고용률 0.1%p 상승, 실업률 0.1%p 상승
□ 2017년 1월 전체 실업률 대비 청년 실업률 비율은 전년 동월 대비 10대 후반은 0.2%p, 20대 전반은 0.7%p, 20대 후반은 동일
□ 2017년 1월 청년층(15~29세)의 비자발적 단시간 근로(49.2%)는 전년 동월 대비 5.7%p 상승
□ 2017년 1월 현재 재학 중이거나 휴학 중인 청년층(15~29세)의 취업자 수는 84만 8천 명(고용률 17.1%)으로 전년 동월 대비 2만 명 감소(고용률은 0.1%p 하락)
□ 2017년 1월 청년층(15~29세) NEET족 인원은 92만 7천 명, 비율은 9.9%로 전년 동월 대비 인원수는 4만 7천 명 증가, 비율은 0.6%p 상