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Turkish Translation, Cultural Adaptation, Reliability, and Validity of the Exercise-Induced Leg Pain Questionnaire
No full textCONTEXT: Exercise-induced leg pain (EILP) is a chronic condition that generally arises in elite and recreational athletes' lower quarter of the legs. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the EILP questionnaire into Turkish (T-EILP) and evaluate its reliability and validity. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. METHODS: Established guidelines were preferred for translation and adaptation. T-EILP was filled twice with a 1-week interval. In the first assessment, patients were also evaluated with Short Form-36 and Visual Analog Scale, both for preexercise and postexercise. Test-retest reliability and internal consistency of the T-EILP were measured with the intraclass correlation coefficient and Cronbach α coefficient, respectively. The construct validity was demonstrated with the Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Further, the minimum detectable change and standard error of measurement with 95% confidence were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 121 participants (23.0 [3.59] y) were included in the study. The test-retest reliability was excellent and internal consistency was acceptable (intraclass correlation coefficient = .821, α = .808). T-EILP was highly correlated with the physical function subscore of the Short Form-36 (r = .509, P < .01). There was a moderate correlation between T-EILP with the bodily pain subscore of the Short Form-36 and Visual Analog Scale (postexercise; r1 = .436, r2 = -.355, P < .01). The standard error of measurement and minimum detectable change with 95% confidence were 3.54 and 9.81, respectively. CONCLUSION: T-EILP is a reliable and valid tool in Turkish-speaking participants. The minimum detectable change with 95% confidence of the T-EILP provides an essential reference for monitoring EIL
A Study on Physical, Morphological and Antibacterial Properties of Bio Polymers Reinforced Polyvinyl Acetate Foams
No full textIn this study, foaming-agent free novel polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) foams reinforced with bio polymers were manufactured through freeze-drying technique. The physical, morphological and antibacterial properties of foams which were reinforced with different ratio of zinc borate and water-soluble chitosan were investigated according to relevant standards. The PVAc foams showed low densities (0.12 g/cm3 ??? 0.21 g/cm3) and high porosity rates (87.50% - 79.05%). The results showed that although the foams have no antibacterial character against Escherichia Coli, they have antibacterial character against Staphylococcus Aureus bacteria. This study mainly focusses on physical and morphological properties of the foams. However, researchers also performed accelerated weathering tests to determine its usability in different industries. The effects of accelerated weathering on the surface of foams were investigated by measuring surface color. The highest color difference was determined 8.09. This foam can be used as a low-density packaging material and/or medical box with its promising physical and morphological properties with hazardous-chemical free structure
Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on CGRP and PACAP-38 Levels in Menstrual Migraine
No full textEffects of Transcranial...
Evaluation of skeletal muscle mass as a predictor of prognosis in patients treated in hospital for COVID-19 infection
No full textSUBJECTIVE: Skeletal muscle indexes are known to be one of the important prognostic indicators in many clinical situations. This study aims to evaluate the effects of laboratory values and muscle mass measures such as skeletal muscle area (SMA), skeletal muscle index (SMI), skeletal muscle density (SMD) and skeletal muscle gauge (SMG) obtained from the 12th thoracic vertebra (T12) level of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 infection on prognosis.
METHODS: The patients\' age, comorbidity index (CCI) scores, gender, anthropometric criteria such as height, weight, and BMI, laboratory values, development of NIMV and IC need during follow-up, length of hospital stay, and hospital mortality were retrospectively screened. The relationship between clinical and laboratory variables, SMA, SMI, SMD, and SMG values, and patient outcomes such as the need for non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV), need for intensive care, and mortality was investigated using multivariate logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS: It was shown in multilinear regression analysis that T12SMD (beta=-0.254; p= 0.036), albumin (beta=-0.465; p= 0.005), and procalcitonin values (beta=-0.292; p= 0.026) were independent risk factors on mortality for intensive care in patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 infection.
T12SMD has been shown to be significantly associated with various negative outcomes such as mortality, need for NIMV, and need for intensive care independently of body mass index (BMI) in our study (Tab. 5, Fig. 2, Ref. 25). Text in PDF www.elis.
The importance of weight loss during definitive radiotherapy in patients with laryngeal carcinoma
No full textBackground: The aim of this study is to determine the prognostic significance of weight loss (WL) on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with locally advanced unresectable laryngeal carcinoma undergoing definitive radiotherapy (RT) or chemo-RT (CRT) in a single institution. Patients and Methods: One hundred and thirty-two patients with newly diagnosed locally advanced laryngeal carcinoma were included in this study retrospectively. All patients were treated with definitive RT or CRT. The tumor and metastatic lymph nodes received 70 Gy. Subclinical disease (low-risk and high-risk area) was irradiated 50-60 Gy prophylactically. Unintentional WL ≥5% was defined as the "critical level." Bodyweight was evaluated on the 1st day of RT and once a week during RT. Caloric needs were calculated as 25-30 kcal/kg/day. Results: Median follow-up was 17.8 months (range: 2.35-85 months). During treatment, there was a statistically significant WL in patients (P = 0.004). WL was ≥5% in 62 (47%) of the patients. There was a statistically significant relationship between WL and tumor differentiation (P = 0.004), completion of treatment (P = 0.004), WHO performance status (P < 0.0001), T stage (P = 0.003), N stage (P = 0.049), and supraglottic tumor location (P = 0.005). In the univariate analysis, WL, WHO performance status, T stage, N stage, tumor localization, and tumor differentiation, were seen to affect OS. Additionally, WL, WHO performance status, N stage, and tumor differentiation were prognostic factors for PFS. In the multivariate analysis, it was observed that only WL and WHO performance status were significant factors for both OS (P = 0.001, and P < 0.01) and PFS (P < 0.001, and P < 0.001), respectively. Three-year OS and PFS was 50.3% and 19.5% for patients with WL versus 77.8% and 49.0% for patients without WL. Conclusions: It is clear that WL has prognostic significance in patients who have undergone definitive RT or CRT due to locally advanced laryngeal carcinoma. In particular, it should be taken into consideration that patients with supraglottic tumor, lymph node involvement, and poor performance status are at greater risk for WL
Farklı Süt Sığırı Irklarında Kan ve Süt Beta-hidroksibütirik Asit Düzeyleri ve Holstein’larda Subklinik Ketozisin Postpartum Hastalıklar, Sürüden Ayırma, Vücut Kondisyon Skoru, Parite ve Süt Verimi İle İlişkisi
No full textThe aim of the study was to analyse beta-hydroxybutyric acid concentration in the blood (BBAC) and milk (MBAC) at postpartum week 2 (PPW2) and week 4 (PPW4) in Holstein (n=216, 8 farms), Montbeliard (n=23), Simmental (n=38) and Holstein/Montbeliard Crossbreed (n=23, BBAC only). Furthermore, the prevalence of subclinical ketosis (SCK) and its association with postpartum health disorders (PPHD), body condition score (BCS) and average daily milk yield in 90 days in milk (90DIM) were evaluated in Holstein. Holstein-Crossbreed and Montbeliard had significantly lower postpartum BBAC than others. Primiparous Montbeliard and Holstein had significantly higher MBAC at PPW2 than PPW4. Cows having BCS2 and 4 at calving had higher MBAC at PPW2 and 4 that was associated significantly with metritis and multiple diseases. Holstein with BCS4 at calving had higher BBAC at PPW2 and 4. SCK prevalence in the blood (BBAC >= 1.2 mmol/L, BSCK) and milk (MBAC=100 mu mol/L, MSCK1), (MBAC >= 200 mu mol/L, MSCK2) and (MBAC >= 100 mu mol/L, MSCK1/2) was 8.3, 11.8, 5.8 and 17.3% at PPW2 and 4.7, 4.9, 6.9 and 11.9% at PPW4 in Holstein respectively. Holstein with SCK was more likely to develop PPHD in 90DIM. MSCK1 and MSCK1/2 did not associate milk production loss in Holstein. Holstein with BSCK and MSCK2 at PPW2 had a 6.7 kg loss of average daily milk yield in 90DIM. Culling rate was 3.7% in Holstein and MSCK-2 positive Holstein at PPW2 was significantly more likely to be culled (25%, Odds:11.2, P<0.05) in 90DIM. In conclusion, cows having BCS2 and 4 at calving had higher MBAC and BBAC at PPW2 and 4. Holstein-Crossbreed and Montbeliard had much lower postpartum BBAC than Holstein and Simmental. BSCK and MSCK2 caused significantly risk factor for PPHD, culling rate and milk production in Holstein
Evaluation of the relationship between dental caries experience and periodontal status
No full textAmaç: Bu çalışmada çürük ve periodontal hastalığa sebep olan etiyolojik faktörler incelenerek; çürük deneyimi ile periodontal durum arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemler: Çalışmada gönüllü katılan 103 hastanın (20-69 yaş) sosyodemografik özellikleri, sistemik sağlık durumları, yeme alışkanlıkları, diş bakım rutinleri ile ağız-diş problemlerine ilişkin verileri toplandı. Hastala- rın çürük deneyimi diş çürüğü indeksleri (DMFT) ile; periodontal durumları toplum periodontal durum indeksi (CPI), dişlerdeki eklenti miktarını ölçen Quikley-Hein ve Turesky plak indeksi (TQHPI) ve dişeti enflamasyonunu ölçen gingival indeks (GI) ile belirlendi. Çürük deneyimi ve periodontal durumla ilişkili olabilecek faktörlerin etkisi Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testi ile değerlendirildi. Diş çürüğü ile periodontal durum indeksleri arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesinde Spearman Korelasyon testi uygulandı. Bulgular: 20-29 yaş grubunda DMFT ortalaması 8,62, CPI değerleri ortalaması 1,69 iken; 50-59 yaş grubunda DMFT ortalaması 13,24, CPI değerleri ortalaması 2,1 olarak tespit edildi. Katılımcıların yaş dağılımları ve diş fırçalama sıklığının hem DMFT indeksi, hem de CPI değerlerini anlamlı derecede etkilediği tespit edildi (P < ,05). Eğitim durumuyla CPI değerleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulundu (P < ,05). Ancak DMFT indeksi ile CPI, TQHPI ve GI değişkenleri arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon bulunmadı. Sonuç: Diş çürüğü ve periodontal hastalıklar düzensiz ağız bakım alışkanlıkları ve kötü ağız hijyeni gibi ortak etiyolojik faktörlere sahip gibi görünse de, temel risk faktörleri farklıdır. Tüm bireyler için bu hastalıklara sebep olan tek bir değişkenden bahsetmek doğru değildir. Konu ile ilgili daha kapsamlı epidemiyolojik çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardırObjective: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the relationship between caries experience and periodontal status by examining the etiological factors causing caries and periodontal disease. Methods: In this study, the data on sociodemographic characteristics, systemic health conditions, eating habits, dental care routines, and oral and dental problems of the 103 voluntary patients (ages 20-69) were collected. The caries experience of the patients was measured with the dental caries indices (DMFT). In order to evaluate their periodontal status, measurements were made with the community periodontal status index (CPI); the Quikley-Hein and Turesky plaque index (TQHPI), which measures the amount of attachment in the teeth; and the gingival index (GI) that measures gingival inflammation. The effect of factors that may be related to the caries experience and periodontal status were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis test. Spearman Correlation test was used to evaluate the relationship among DMFT indices and periodontal status indexes. Results: While the mean DMFT value is 8.62 and the mean CPI value is 1.69 in 20-29 ages-group; in 50-59 ages-group, the mean DMFT value was 13.24, and the mean CPI value was 2.1. It was determined that the age distribution and the frequency of tooth brushing of the participants affected both DMFT and CPI values signifi- cantly (P < .05). A significant correlation was found between education status and CPI values (P < .05). However, there was no significant correlation between DMFT indices and CPI, TQHPI and GI variables. Conclusion: Although tooth decay and periodontal diseases seem to have common etiological factors such as irregular oral care habits and poor oral hygiene, the major risk factors are different and it is not correct to mention a single variable that causes these diseases for all individuals. More comprehensive epidemiological studies are needed on the subject
Attitudes, Prejudices and Stereotypes of Turkish High School Students towards the German Language
No full textIn the last quarter of the 20th century, it has become quite important to research about the factors affecting learning and learning process by taking the student-centered education to the forefront. Three of these factors, namely attitude, prejudice and stereotype, are among the factors which can complicate learning by influencing the individual psychologically and mentally. These three terms cannot be precisely separated from one another; they are closely related and hence they are researched by scientists in an interrelated way. As breaking down prejudice and stereotypes enhances positive opinions towards other cultures and also reveals attention and sympathy towards the foreign language, dealing with prejudice and stereotypes in course has a really significant function in developing and enhancing foreign language courses of these days. Through this study, it is examined whether Turkish high school students have prejudice and stereotypes towards the German language, what their attitudes are and how these attitudes affect their prejudice and stereotypes. In this sense, different variables which might affect students' attitudes, prejudices and stereotypes towards Germans and the German language are dealt with in the study
Endogenous Fungal Endophthalmitis in a Patient Admitted to Intensive Care and Treated with Systemic Steroid for COVID-19
No full textA 61-year-old woman presented to our clinic with complaints of decreased visual acuity, pain, and redness in her left eye. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/20 in the right eye and counting fingers at 3 meters in the left eye. On slit-lamp examination, 1+ cells were detected in the anterior chamber. Fundus examination revealed 1+ haze in the vitreous and multiple creamy-whitish lesions in the retina and vitreous. Her history included a diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) one month earlier, for which she was hospitalized in the intensive care unit for 20 days and received systemic corticosteroid treatment. Vitreous culture yielded Candida albicans. The patient's nasopharyngeal swab sample was positive for COVID-19 by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test. BCVA was improved to 20/40 after amphotericin therapy (via intravitreal injection and intravenous routes), and the vitritis and chorioretinitis lesion regressed after 2 weeks of treatment. Two weeks later, intravenous amphotericin was discontinued and oral fluconazole treatment was started at a dose of 400 mg/day. At 3-month follow-up, her BCVA was 20/25 and no inflammatory reaction was observed in the anterior chamber and vitreous
Emergency Physicians' Point of Care Ultrasonography (POCUS) Competency Assessment for the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis in Pediatric Cases
No full textAim: To evaluate the accuracy of emergency physicians performed point-of-care ultrasonography (EP-POCUS) in diagnosing acute appendicitis (AA) in the pediatric age group who had abdominal pain and compare sonographic findings with those of radiologists.
Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty-three children who had abdominal pain were included in the study. EP-POCUS and radiology department ultrasonography (RADUS) performed on each case. Sonographic findings [non-compressible bowel loops, target sign, edema in the surrounding tissue, appendix diameter, peri-appendiceal abscess, appendicitis positivity (a non-compressible and non-peristaltic blind ending tubular structure >6 mm) and presence of mesenteric lymphadenitis] of the EP-POCUS and RADUS were recorded seperately and compared to evaluate accuracy of the EP-POCUS and RADUS. Definitive diagnoses were determined by pathological evaluation of appendectomy specimens.
Results: Thirty-six (29.2%) patients were diagnosed AA and hospitalized by the surgeon, 30 (24.3%) of which were confirmed pathologically. According to pathological diagnose, the EP-POCUS's sensitivity was 73.3%, specificity was 89.2%, the RADUS's sensitivity was 76.7%, the specificity was 96.8% and significantly consistent with in diagnosing AA (Kappa coefficient: 0.64, p<0.005). EP-POCUS accuracy in AA diagnosis did not differ between age groups.
Conclusion: EP-POCUS on pediatric patients acts as an auxiliary and useful approach in AA diagnosis. Training and experience may increase the accuracy rates