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Penalty and Shrinkage Strategies Based on Local Polynomials for Right-Censored Partially Linear Regression
No full textThis study aims to propose modified semiparametric estimators based on six different penalty and shrinkage strategies for the estimation of a right-censored semiparametric regression model. In this context, the methods used to obtain the estimators are ridge, lasso, adaptive lasso, SCAD, MCP, and elasticnet penalty functions. The most important contribution that distinguishes this article from its peers is that it uses the local polynomial method as a smoothing method. The theoretical estimation procedures for the obtained estimators are explained. In addition, a simulation study is performed to see the behavior of the estimators and make a detailed comparison, and hepatocellular carcinoma data are estimated as a real data example. As a result of the study, the estimators based on adaptive lasso and SCAD were more resistant to censorship and outperformed the other four estimators
Mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase: Conventional (necroptosis) and unconventional (necroptosis-independent) functions and features
No full textMixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) is the terminal and indispensable mediator of necroptosis. Necroptosis, also known as programmed cell necrosis, is a caspase-independent cell death mechanism involved in various pathologic and inflammatory processes. Triggering necroptosis could be an alternative approach in treating apoptosis-resistant cancer cells to prevent recurrent disease. In addition to its function in necroptosis, MLKL plays a role as a regulator in many cellular processes independent of necroptosis. A better understanding of the intracellular function of MLKL and its role in various diseases and pathologic conditions is needed to enable discovery of new targeted therapies. Various necroptosis-dependent and independent functions of MLKL are reviewed in this chapter, with a focus on functions of MLKL in necroptosis, autophagy, inflammation, tissue regeneration, and endosomal trafficking
Frequency of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Usage in Acute Pulmonary Thromboembolism Treatment in Turkey (TUPEDO)
No full textBackground: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been used in acute pulmonary thromboembolism as an alternative to warfarin due to drug interactions, narrow therapeutic range, and necessary close International Normalized Ratio (INR) monitoring. Phase 3 study results have reported that these drugs are at least as effective as warfarin and beneficial in terms of bleeding; however, studies that present up-to-date life data are necessary.
Aims: To evaluate the frequency of using DOACs, which are prescribed with a limited number of indications in our country, and real-life data results.
Study design: Cross-sectional study.
Methods: This cross-sectional survey collected the clinical data (history, current treatment, treatment duration, etc.) of patients with pulmonary thromboembolism and who applied to the physician for follow-up between October 15, 2019, and March 15, 2020. The researchers kept the patient records sequentially.
Results: Data from 836 patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism from 25 centers were collected, and DOAC was used in 320 (38.5%) of them. The most preferred DOAC was rivaroxaban (n = 294, 91.9%). DOAC was mostly preferred because it could not provide an effective INR level with warfarin (n=133, 41.6%). Bleeding was observed in 13 (4%) patients.
Conclusion: The use of direct oral anticoagulants is becoming almost as widespread as conventional therapy. Real-life data results are important for their contribution to clinical practice
Subacromial impingement as a predictor of proximal biceps tendon disorders
No full textObjectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between proximal biceps tendon disorders and the degree of subacromial impingement in patients who underwent arthroscopic subacromial debridement. Patients and methods: Between January 2015 and June 2021, a total of 110 patients (44 males, 66 females; mean age: 52.5±11.43 years; range, 15 to 78 years) who underwent arthroscopic subacromial decompression were retrospectively analyzed. The degree of the subacromial impingement observed during arthroscopy was classified into four stages according to the Neer classification. We classified proximal biceps tendon disorders as five grades according to the Nirschl classification. The proportional relationship between subacromial impingement and biceps tendinopathy severity was analyzed. Results: While biceps tendon degeneration was found to be significantly lower in patients with mild or no subacromial impingement, high rates of severe biceps tendon degeneration were observed in patients with high degree of subacromial impingement. A total of 75% of the patients who had no subacromial impingement had no biceps tendon disorder. Approximately 50% of the patients with Stage 1 subacromial impingement did not have biceps disorder, 31.3% had inflammation, and 12.5% had minor degeneration. In Stage 2 subacromial impingement group, the ratio of inflammation (42.9%) and minor degeneration (42.9%) of biceps tendon greatly increased, and the highest rate of biceps tendon degeneration was observed in the most advanced stage (Stage 3) subacromial impingement group (39.3%) (p=0.001). Conclusion: The stage of subacromial impingement is correlated with the degree of biceps degeneration. Therefore, one should keep in mind that the presence of advanced subacromial impingement may indicate advanced biceps tendon pathologies
Comparison of the clinical outcomes of chronic rupture, arthroscopic tenotomy and tenodesis of proximal biceps tendon
No full textBiceps tendon disorders are substantial cause of intense shoulder pain, and thus they require a careful medical attention. We compared the clinical outcomes of chronic rupture, tenotomy and tenodesis of proximal biceps tendon of patients underwent arthroscopic shoulder surgery. We included 98 patients over 50 years-old who underwent arthroscopic surgery for rotator cuff tears and grouped as tenotomy, tenodesis and chronic rupture of biceps tendon. Preoperative and postoperative 24-months follow-up Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score and the University of California–Los Angeles (UCLA) Shoulder Scale scores were compared. Chronic biceps rupture was the most common pathology in massive rotator cuff rupture group (75.9%). As tenotomy, tenodesis and chronic rupture groups were compared in terms of VAS and UCLA score improvements (preoperative and postoperative change); tenotomy showed better outcomes and there was a statistically significant difference between tenotomy and tenodesis groups in terms of improvements in VAS and UCLA scores (p = 0.036, p = 0.010, respectively). No statistically significant difference between chronic rupture and tenodesis in terms of VAS and UCLA scores improvements were observed (p = 1.000, p = 0.250, respectively). Also, tenotomy showed superior VAS score improvement than chronic tendon rupture (p=0.024) however no statistically significant difference was observed in UCLA score improvement between tenotomy and chronic rupture (p = 0.527). According to our study, tenotomy seems to be a more appropriate surgical method than tenodesis in massive and full-thickness rotator cuff tears with severe biceps tendon degeneration, and also it is not necessary to perform tenodesis in cases with chronic biceps rupture
A Review with Updated Perspectives on Nutritional and Therapeutic Benefits of Apricot and the Industrial Application of Its Underutilized Parts
No full textFruits maintain the image as the richest sources of vitamins. Focusing on apricots, utilization of apricot species for many applications is possible due to its various benefits. Many research studies demonstrated different perspectives of apricot, especially in medical used as it can act as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial agents. Moreover, in the industrial sectors, apricots can be used in the production of biofuels and batteries. All components of the apricot fruit, including seeds and kernels have been found to possess significant interest. This review is to breach the knowledge gap regarding the key nutrients and chemicals of apricot fruit, contributing to its health-promoting properties to emphasize the noble importance of this fruit in the diet and in the management of several diseases. We also cover the application of apricots in the industry that could be developed as a promising and sustainable source
Total Aplasia of Paranasal Sinus Associated With a Syndromic Condition
No full textTotal aplasia of paranasal sinus (TAPS) is extremely rare, although the fact that partial aplasia is very common. TAPS seems to be limited to only 5 case reports in the literature until now. We present the case of a 29-year-old patient who has a syndromic face appearance but whose TAPS was detected incidentally. The maxillary, sphenoid, ethmoid, and frontal sinuses were totally aplastic. Furthermore, clinodactyly and high-arched palate were observed. The patient's appearance was consistent with a syndromic face because of some findings on inspection such as hypertelorism, shortening of the palpebral fissure, protruded and wide nasal base, high arched palate and zygomatic hypoplasia. The patient's profile was more suitable for Teacher-Collins syndrome than other syndromes, however, a certain diagnosis was not made genetically. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported association between TAPS and a syndromic condition
The life balance inventory in patients with multiple sclerosis: Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Turkish version
No full textIntroduction: The aim of the study was to present the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the life balance inventory in individuals with multiple sclerosis. Methods: Life balance inventory was translated and adapted considering common suggestions. Participants were cross-sectionally evaluated twice with life balance inventory, with a 1-week interval. Expanded Disability Status Scale, Beck Depression Scale, and Short Form-12 were used to assess the convergent validity. Results: A total of 113 individuals with multiple sclerosis were enrolled in the study. Test-retest reliability of the total score and all subscores of the life balance inventory were excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.80). The internal consistency of the life distress inventory was excellent (α = 0.73–0.95). The correlation of Expanded Disability Status Scale with life balance inventory and its subscores was low in the scope of divergent validity, as expected (r < 0.35). The correlation between life balance inventory total score and Expanded Disability Status Index was −0.337 (p < 0.01). Life balance inventory scores were moderately correlated (p < 0.01), except life balance inventory health score. Life balance inventory scores were correlated with SF-12 physical-subscales and mental-subscales, in a low and moderate degree, respectively. The life balance inventory total score was highly correlated with the life balance inventory subscores (r = 0.69–0.96, p < 0.01). Conclusion: The Turkish life balance inventory is a reliable and valid inventory in patients with multiple sclerosis. Life balance inventory comprehensively evaluates the life balance parameters of multiple sclerosis patients
Piezoelectric and magnetoelectric properties of PVDF/NiFe2O4 based electrospun nanofibers for flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators
No full textIn this study, flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (PNGs) were fabricated using the composite fibers which were prepared by combining polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) nanoparticles (NPs) at a concentration of 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 wt%. The piezoelectric properties of PNG indicate that the PVDF/NiFe2O4 fibers containing NiFe2O4 NPs at a concentration of 10 wt% has a higher power efficiency of 5.4% at 20 Hz compared to that of the pure PVDF fibers at 10 Hz, under the same resistive load of 2.5 M omega. The magnetoelectric properties of PNG show that the PNG with PVDF+7 wt%NiFe2O4 supplied the highest electrical power of 0.40 mu W under a resistive load of 750K omega & nbsp;while it reached a maximum voltage value of 17.50 mV at the same load resistive load for a low-level magnetic field of 50 Hz frequency
Comparison of orexin-A and neurofilament light chain levels in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a pilot study
No full textBackground and purpose: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, with myelin degeneration and Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) as the most common type. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of Neurofilament Light Chain (NFL) and Orexin-A (OXA) in patients with RRMS and compare it with healthy control subjects' data.
Methods: In this case-control study of 61 subjects, serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from 23 RRMS patients and 38 healthy control subjects. NFL and OXA levels were determined in cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Self-reported questionnaires were also administered to evaluate fatigue severity and impact. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off value of NFL and OXA.
Results: The NFL and OXA concentrations in cerebro-spinal fluid of RRMS patients were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < 0.001), but no sig-nificant difference was found in the serum concentrations (p = 0.842, p = 0.597, respectively). The cut-off values were found to be 1.194 ng/ml for NFL and 77.81 pg/ml for OXA in cerebrospinal fluid. A positive correlation was found between the Expanded Disability Status Scale and Epworth Sleepiness Scale in RRMS patients (ρ = 0.49, p = 0.045).
Conclusion: These results suggest that increased levels of both NFL and OXA in cerebrospinal fluid reflect neuronal destruction in RRMS. Further research of neurodegeneration should focus on neuropeptides to determine the possible roles in RRMS pathogenesis